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{{Infobox mythical creature
| name = Kobold
[[Berkas: | image = Kobold_artlibre_jnl.jpg|jmpl|Kobold]]
| caption = Penggambaran kobold
| Grouping = [[Makhluk mitologis]] <br/> [[Peri]]
| Possibilities =
| AKA =
| Country = [[Jerman]]
| Region =
| Habitat =
}}
'''Kobold''' (kadang-kadang '''cobold''') adalah makhluk legendaris supranatural dalam [[mitologi]] Jerman dan menjadi bagian dari [[folklor]] Jerman.
 
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== Karakteristik ==
[[Berkas:Kobold_artlibre_jnl.jpg|jmpl|Kobold]]
[[Berkas:Woman_with_kobold_baby.png|jmpl|Kobold berwujud bayi membantu pekerjaan rumah tangga.]]
Kobold adalah roh dan, dengan demikian, bagian dari dunia spiritual. Tapi, seperti roh Eropa lain, mereka sering tinggal bersama makhluk hidup.<ref name="Luthi 4">Lüthi 4.</ref><ref>Saintine 289.</ref> Meskipun ''kobold'' adalah istilah umum, dongeng-dongeng sering memberikan nama untuk individu-individu dan jenis-jenis kobold. Nama yang umum digunakan adalah Chim<ref>Quoted in Heine 140.</ref> dan nama lain yang ditemukan dalam cerita-cerita antara lain Chimmeken, Raja Goldemar, Heinzchen, Heinze, Himschen, Heinzelmann, Hödekin, Kurd Chimgen, Walther, dan Wolterken.<ref name="Rose 183">Rose 183.</ref><ref>Sainteine 288–9.</ref> Nama kokal untuk kobold antara lain Allerünken, Alraune, Galgenmännlein (di selatan Jerman), Glucksmännchen, Heinzelmännchen (di Köln), Hütchen, dan Oaraunle.<ref name="Arrowsmith and Moorse 136">Arrowsmith and Moorse 136.</ref><ref name="Arrowsmith and Moorse 248">Arrowsmith and Moorse 248.</ref><ref name="Keightley 257">Keightley 257.</ref> Heinzelmännchen adalah kobold dari Köln<ref name="Keightley 257">Keightley 257.</ref> dan Klabautermann adalah kobold kepercayaan para nelayan dan pelaut [[Laut Baltik]]. Banyak dari nama-nama ini adalah modifikasi umum dari nama Jerman, seperti Heinrich (singkatan dari Heinze), Joachim, dan Walther.<ref name="Keightley 240">Keightley 240.</ref>
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Kobold yang tinggal di rumah manusia biasanya digambarkan berwujud manusia, berpakaian seperti petani, dan setinggi anak usia 4 tahun.<ref name="Keightley 253">Keightley 253.</ref> Sebuah legenda yang dicatat oleh ahli folklor Joseph Snowe dari suatu tempat bernama Alte Burg tahun 1839 menceritakan suatu makhluk berwujud seperti laki-laki dewasa atau anak laki-laki pendek, gemuk, mengenakan ''surcoat'' pesta longgar dan topi tinggi.<ref>Snowe 105.</ref> Kobold Hödekin (juga dikenal dengan nama Hüdekin dan Hütchen) dari [[Hildesheim]] mengenakan topi kecil menutupi wajahnya (''Hödekin'' berarti "topi kecil").<ref>Heine 141.</ref><ref>Keightley 255.</ref> Kobold jenis lain yang dikenal sebagai Hütchen dikatakan memiliki tinggi {{Convert|0.3|–|1|m|abbr=on|ft}}, dengan rambut dan janggut merah, mengenakan pakaian merah atau hijau dan memakai topi merah, dan mungkin buta.<ref name="Arrowsmith and Moorse 250">Arrowsmith and Moorse 250.</ref> Cerita lain menggambarkan kobold terlihat seperti gembala yang sedang mencari pekerjaan<ref name="Ashliman 46">Ashliman 46.</ref> dan orang tua keriput yang memakai tudung runcing.<ref name="Rose 183">Rose 183.</ref> Beberapa kobold menyerupai anak kecil. Menurut ahli drama dan novelis X. B. Saintine, kobold adalah roh anak-anak yang meninggal dan sering terlihat membawa pisau yang menunjukkan alat yang telah mengakibatkan mereka meninggal.<ref>Saintine 289–90.</ref> Heinzelmann, kobold dari cerita rakyat di Kastil Hudermühlen di region [[Lüneburg]], berpenampilan seperti seorang anak laki-laki cantik dengan rambut ikal pirang sebahu, memakai mantel sutra merah.<ref name="Keightley 253">Keightley 253.</ref> Suaranya "halus dan lembut seperti antara suara anak laki-laki dan gadis."<ref name="Keightley 240">Keightley 240.</ref>
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Leprechaun]]
 
== Catatan ==
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== Referensi ==
{{Commons category|Kobolds}}
{{refbegin|33em}}
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{{refend}}
 
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