Kuaxares II: Perbedaan antara revisi

According to Xenophon's ''Cyropaedia'' (4.6.1-11), Gobryas, governor of Gutium under the suzerainty of the Babylonians, had a long-standing grudge against the Babylonian king. After Cyrus defeated Croesus, Gobryas came to Cyrus and indicated his allegiance. Gobryas figures prominently in events that follow, giving his advice about how to proceed in the capture of Babylon, and then leading the forces that took the city (5.4.41-50; 7.5.8-33). Although the basic outline of this account might be called into question because of Xenophon's desire to portray Cyrus as a master of tact and diplomacy, there is simply no other account that has survived explaining how the Gutians became followers of Cyrus and were in submission to him, as stated in the Cyrus Cylinder.{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} Xenophon has support from the Nabonidus Chronicle, where Gobryas (Ugbaru), in agreement with the ''Cyropaedia'', is called the governor of Gutium and the leader of the army of Cyrus in the capture of Babylon. Steven Hirsch concludes, "So Xenophon is right to claim that Cyrus enlisted the support of one Gobryas, a Babylonian vassal who was instrumental in the capture of Bablon. This detail is absent from Herodotus' account and from the extant portions of Ctesias' ''Persica''."<ref>{{cite book |first = Steven W. | last = Hirsch | title = The Friendship of the Barbarians: Xenophon and the Persian Empire | publisher = University Press of New England | location = Hanover and London | date = 1985 |page = 77}}</ref>

 

The [[Nabonidus Chronicle]] is an ancient [[Babylonia]]n text, part of a larger series of [[Babylonian Chronicles]] inscribed in [[cuneiform]] script on [[clay tablet]]s. [[Amélie Kuhrt]] describes the Nabonidus Chronicle as "the most reliable and sober [ancient] account of the fall of Babylon."<ref name="Kuhrt">Kuhrt, Amélie. "Babylonia from Cyrus to Xerxes", in ''The Cambridge Ancient History: Persia, Greece, and the Western Mediterranean, C. 525-479 B.C'', pp. 112-138. Cambridge University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-521-22804-2</ref>{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} However, the Chronicle has also been described as "a piece of propaganda at Cyrus's service".<ref>Wiesehöfer, Josef (trans. Azodi, Azizeh). ''Ancient Persia: From 550 BC to 650 AD'', p. 49. I.B.Tauris, 2001. ISBN 1-86064-675-1</ref> Its annalistic nature suggests that original documents from the reign of Nabonidus were the starting point of its texts, but these have been heavily edited to shed unfavorable light on Nabonidus as one who repeatedly neglected the new year festival in Babylon.