Budaya Sarawak: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

== Tempat wisata dan rekreasi ==

Desa Kebudayaan Sarawak terletak di kaki Gunung Santubong, Kuching. Dikenal sebagai "museum hidup", tempat tersebut menunjukkan berbagai kelompok etnis yang melakukan aktivitas tradisional mereka di rumah tradisional mereka masing-masing. Penampilan-penampilan kebudayaan juga dipersembahkan disana.<ref name="SCVMain">{{cite web|title=Explore Sarawak in Half a Day|url=http://www.scv.com.my/main.asp|publisher=Sarawak Cultural Village|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151207151953/http://www.scv.com.my/main.asp|archivedate=7 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak Cultural Village|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarawak-cultural-village-svc/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226093807/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarawak-cultural-village-svc/|archivedate=26 December 2015}}</ref> [[Museum Sarawak]] menyimpan koleksi artefak seperti tembikar, tekstil, dan ukiran kayu dari berbagai kelompok etnis di Sarawak, dan juga material-material etnografi dari budaya-budaya lokal. Gedung museum tersebut menyajikan arsitektur Perancis-nya.<ref>{{cite web|title=Malaysian Borneo's Muzium Sarawak: A Colonial Legacy in Postcolonial Context|url=https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/malaysia/malaysian-borneos-muzium-sarawak-colonial-legacy-p|publisher=[[Cultural Survival]]|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151005012910/http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/malaysia/malaysian-borneos-muzium-sarawak-colonial-legacy-p|archivedate=5 October 2015}}</ref> Museum-museum lainnya meliputi [[Museum Warisan Islam]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Islamic Heritage Museum|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/islamic-heritage-museum/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207231955/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/islamic-heritage-museum/|archivedate=7 February 2015}}</ref> [[Museum Petroleum (Malaysia)|Museum Petroleum]], [[Museum Sejarah Tionghoa]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Chinese History Museum|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/chinese-history-museum/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715081307/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/chinese-history-museum/|archivedate=15 July 2015}}</ref> [[Museum Kucing Kuching]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Cat Museum, Kuching|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/cat-museum/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715081305/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/cat-museum/|archivedate=15 July 2015}}</ref> [[Museum Tekstil Sarawak]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Textile Museum Sarawak|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/textile-museum/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108111718/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/textile-museum/|archivedate=8 November 2014}}</ref> Museum Kesenian,<ref>{{cite web|title=Art Museum|url=http://www.museum.sarawak.gov.my/index.php/en/about-the-museums/art-museum|publisher=Sarawak Museum Department|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013030242/http://www.museum.sarawak.gov.my/index.php/en/about-the-museums/art-museum|archivedate=13 October 2015 }}</ref> [[Museum Peringatan Rumah Sakit Lau King Howe]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Lau King Howe Medical Museum|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/lau-king-howe-medical-museum/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402124021/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/lau-king-howe-medical-museum/|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> dan Museum Regional Baram.<ref>{{cite web|title=Baram Regional Museum|url=http://www.museum.sarawak.gov.my/index.php/en/about-the-museums/baram-regional-museum|publisher=Sarawak Museum Department|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151012225435/http://www.museum.sarawak.gov.my/index.php/en/about-the-museums/baram-regional-museum|archivedate=12 October 2015}}</ref> Terdapat juga serangkaian benteng-benteng terkenal di Sarawak yang dibangun pada masa rezim Brooke seperti Benteng Margherita,<ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Margherita|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-margherita/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226120424/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-margherita/|archivedate=26 December 2015}}</ref> Benteng Emma,<ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Emma, Rajang, Kanowit|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-emma-rejang-kanowit/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207230923/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-emma-rejang-kanowit/|archivedate=7 February 2015}}</ref> [[Benteng Sylvia]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Sylvia, Kapit|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-sylvia-kapit/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=26 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207211924/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/fort-sylvia-kapit/|archivedate=7 February 2015}}</ref> dan [[Benteng Alice]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Irene|first1=C.|title=Fort Alice given a new lease on life|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/02/01/fort-alice-given-a-new-lease-on-life/|accessdate=26 December 2015|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=1 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810150710/http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/02/01/fort-alice-given-a-new-lease-on-life/|archivedate=10 August 2015}}</ref>

 

 

== Seni rupa murni dan kerajinan ==

Dewan Kerajinan Sarawak mempopulerkan kerajinan-kerajinan etnis lokal.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us – Introduction|url=http://sarawakhandicraft.com.my/|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223022916/http://sarawakhandicraft.com.my/|archivedate=23 December 2014}}</ref>

Paviliun Sarakraf menyimpan sebuah lokakarya yang mendemonstrasikan garis besar keterampilan membuat kerajinan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarakraf Pavilion|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarakraf-pavilion/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715093335/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarakraf-pavilion/|archivedate=15 July 2015}}</ref> Kerajinan-kerajinan tangan yang terkenal di Sarawak meliputi [[pengerjaan manik-manik]] Orang Ulu,<ref>{{cite web|title=Beads|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/beads/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229052632/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/beads/|archivedate=29 December 2015}}</ref> [[Pua Kumbu]] Iban,<ref>{{cite web|title=Iban Pua Kumbu exhibit in London|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/news/iban-pua-kumbu-exhibit-in-london/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229052910/http://sarawaktourism.com/news/iban-pua-kumbu-exhibit-in-london/|archivedate=29 December 2015}}</ref> keset Kesah Bidayuh dan keranjang Tambok, Kain [[Songket]] Melayu,<ref name="SCVMain" /> hiasan kepala etnis,<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak ethnic headgears|url=http://www.scv.com.my/headgears.asp|publisher=Sarawak Cultural Village|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731165031/http://www.scv.com.my/headgears.asp|archivedate=31 July 2012}}</ref> dan tembikar Tionghoa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak Pottery (Kuching)|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarawak-pottery/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714175812/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/sarawak-pottery/|archivedate=14 July 2015}}</ref> Perhimpunann Artis Sarawak didirikan pada 1985 untuk mempromosikan seni rupa dan budaya lokal dalam bentuk lukisan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak Artists Society (SAS) – established since 1985|url=http://www1.sarawak.com.my/org/sas/|publisher=Sarawak Artists Society|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229092630/http://www1.sarawak.com.my/org/sas/main.htm|archivedate=29 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak Artists Society|url=http://sarawakartistssociety.blogspot.my/?view=flipcard|publisher=Sarawak Artists Society|accessdate=29 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229092744/http://sarawakartistssociety.blogspot.my/?view=flipcard|archivedate=29 December 2015}}</ref> Kebanyakan artis pada masa pasca-perang Sarawak mengambil tema pemandangan dan alam, tarian tradisional, dan aktivitas tradisional sehari-hari sebagai tema menggambar mereka.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hassan|first1=R.H|last2=Durin|first2=Anna|title=Development of Paintings in Sarawak; 1946–1963 (Colonial and post colonial era) – 2nd last page|url=https://www.academia.edu/193382/Development_of_Paintings_in_Sarawak_1946-1963_Colonial_and_Post_Colonial_Era_|publisher=Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|accessdate=29 December 2015}}</ref>

Sapeh Orang Ulu (sebuah gitar tanpa lubang) merupakan alat musik tradisional terkenal di Sarawak. Alat musik tersebut dimainkan untuk Ratu [[Elizabeth II]] saat kunjungan resminya ke Sarawak pada 1972. Alat musik tersebut mula-mula diperkenalkan ke dunia saat Asian Traditional Performing Arts (ATPA) di Jepang pada 1976.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ringgit|first1=Danielle Sendou|title=From dreams into the mainstream|url=http://seeds.theborneopost.com/2015/08/26/from-dreams-into-the-mainstream/|accessdate=31 December 2015|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=26 August 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231005116/http://seeds.theborneopost.com/2015/08/26/from-dreams-into-the-mainstream/|archivedate=31 December 2015|quote=Perhaps the first time the sape took the world stage was when two Kenyah Lepo Tau sape players – Iran Lahang and Jalong Tanyit from Long Mengkaba – performed and demonstrated the art of sape-playing in Tokyo, Japan during Asian Traditional Performing Arts (ATPA) week in 1976. Aside from that, the late Tusau Padan performed for Queen Elizabeth during her official visit to Sarawak in 1972,&nbsp;...}}</ref> Alat musik tradisional lainnya adalah berbagai jenis [[gong]] dan [[Kulintang]] (Tawak, Ketupung, dan Engkeromong), [[idiofon]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Alat-alat muzik tradisional (Traditional musical instruments|url=http://ybms.com.my/alatmuzik1.html|publisher=Yayasan Budaya Melayu Sarawak (Sarawak Malays' Culture Foundation)|accessdate=31 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231021224/http://ybms.com.my/alatmuzik1.html|archivedate=31 December 2015|language=Malay}}</ref> suling bambu dan [[zither]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Jamming in the rainforest|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82673738.html|archiveurl=https://wayback.archive.org/web/20160309210807/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82673738.html|archivedate=2016-03-09|accessdate=31 December 2015|publisher=New Straits Times|date=8 July 2002|quote= Musicians from the heartland of Borneo travel downriver for the event, bringing their dugout sape guitars, bamboo zithers, treasured ancient brass gong sets and songs from the rainforest. Some play gourd organs with a battery of bamboo pipes, others tootle the flute – and in Borneo that means the jaw's harp, mouth flute, nose flute or a massed bamboo band of 30 or 40 piccolos, trebles, tenors and bassoons, all capable of astonishing sounds.|subscription=yes}}</ref>

Tradisi lisan telah menjadi bgian dari budaya berbagai penduduk asli di Sarawak dari generasi ke generasi. Tradisi tersebut digunakan untuk memberikan pelajaram hidup, tradisi, dan nilai-nilai kepada generasi yang lebih muda. Cerita-cerita dikisahkan secara berulang oleh kaum tua kepada kaum muda, seperti penceritaan bagian-bagian pada perayaan-perayaan khusus dan melalui penampilan tradisional.<ref name="Oral traditions">{{cite book|last1=Pandian|first1=A|last2=Ching Ling|first2=L|last3=Ai Lin|first3=T|title=New Literacies: Reconstructing Language and Education|date=16 October 2014|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-6956-0|pages=95–97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gzxQBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97|accessdate=1 January 2016|chapter=Chapter VII – Developing Literacy and Knowledge, Preservation skills among Remote Rural Children}}</ref><ref group=note>Pandian, 2014. it became the primary means of passing culture, history, and valued traditions. ... in the fact that oral literature is actualised only in performances; (page 95)</ref> Beberapa praktik tradisional tersebut adalah tari Ngajat Iban,<ref>{{cite web|title=Tarian Ngajat Identiti Istimewa Masyarakat Iban (Ngajat dances a special identity for the Ibans)|url=http://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/index.php/budaya/6645-tarian-ngajat-identiti-istimewa-masyarakat-iban-.html|publisher=Jabatan Penerangan Malaysia (Malaysian Ministry of Information)|accessdate=31 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425041224/http://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/index.php/budaya/6645-tarian-ngajat-identiti-istimewa-masyarakat-iban-.html|archivedate=25 April 2015 }}</ref> ''Renong'' (repertori vokal Iban),<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nie|first1=C.L.K|last2=Durin|first2=A|title=Renong, An Iban Vocal Repertory (Conference paper)|url=http://ir.unimas.my/2557/|publisher=Universiti Malaysia Sarawak|accessdate=31 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231081606/http://ir.unimas.my/2557/|archivedate=31 December 2015}}</ref> ''Ensera'' (pengisahan lisan Iban),<ref name=Ibanmalaysian>{{cite book|last1=John|first1=Postill|title=Media and Nation Building: How the Iban became Malaysian|date=15 May 2006|publisher=[[Berghahn Books]]|isbn=978-0-85745-687-8|page=58|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5_gtJQFin4C&pg=PA59|accessdate=13 November 2015|quote=because of his strong defence of English as the language of instruction in Sarawak&nbsp;... ,(page 58)}}</ref><ref group=note>Postill, 2006. ... four were oral narratives ... (page 51)</ref> dan pengisahan epik oleh Kayan dan Kenyah.<ref>{{cite book|last1=MacDonald|first1=M.R.|title=Traditional Storytelling Today: An International Sourcebook|date=16 December 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-91721-0|page=208|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IFNcAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT208|accessdate=1 January 2016|chapter=The tradition of storytelling in Malaysia|quote=The Kayan and the Kenyah, who dwell in the upper region of Sarawak, have a vibrant epic-telling tradition that is elaborate and specialised.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Law|first1=Daryll|title=Preserve traditional culture for prosperity, Iban's urged|url=http://www.newsarawaktribune.com/news/13258/Preserve-traditional-culture-for-prosperity-Ibans-urged/|accessdate=31 December 2015|publisher=New Sarawak Tribune|date=14 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231053701/http://www.newsarawaktribune.com/news/13258/Preserve-traditional-culture-for-prosperity-Ibans-urged/|archivedate=31 December 2015}}</ref> Biro Kesusastraan Borneo berdiri dari 1958 sampai 1977; biro tersebut menyimpan dokumentasi budaya-budaya lokal, pengarang-pengarang lokal, dan publikasi-publikasi dalam bahasa Inggris, Tionghoa, Melayu, Iban dan bahasa-bahasa asli lainnya. Biro tersebut digantikan oleh [[Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka]] (DBP) pada 1977, yang hanya mengadvokasikan publikasi dalam bahasa Melayu.<ref name=Ibanmalaysian /><ref group=note>Postill, 2006. ;... to encourage local authorship and meet local needs&nbsp;... (page 51) ... The Bureau ceased to exist in 1977 when it was taken over by the federal body Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.(page 55) ... He concludes that DBP cannot publish books in regional languages (pages 59 and 60)</ref> Dokumentasi tradisi-tradisi lisan juga dilakukan oleh Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) dan Dewan Adat Istiadat Sarawak.<ref name="Oral traditions" /><ref group=note>Pandian, 2014. carried out by the Institute of East Asian Studies at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS),(page 96) ... Sarawak Customs Council has documented ... (page 97)</ref> ''Sarawak Gazette'' mula-mula diterbitkan oleh pemerintah Brooke pada 1870. Publikasi tersebut mencatat berbagai berita di Sarawak terkait ekonomi, pertanian, antropologi, dan arkeologi. ''Gazette'' masih dipublikasikan sampai sekarang.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sarawak Gazette now available online|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/07/31/sarawak-gazette-now-available-online/|accessdate=5 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=31 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509202403/http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/07/31/sarawak-gazette-now-available-online|archivedate=9 May 2015}}</ref> ''Hikayat Panglima Nikosa'', yang dicetak pada 1876 di Kuching, adalah salah satu publikasi teks terawal di Borneo.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Walker|first1=J.H|title=Hikayat Panglima Nikosa and the Sarawak Gazette: Transforming Texts in Nineteenth Century Sarawak|journal=[[Modern Asian Studies]]|date=13 April 2005|volume=39|issue=2|page=427|doi=10.1017/S0026749X04001507|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=293102|accessdate=1 January 2016}}</ref> Ditulis oleh Ahmad Syawal Abdul Hamid, karya tersebut juga merupakan novel pertama Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Syed Omar|first1=S.O|title=Novel Malaysia – Catatan sejarah awal (Malaysian novel – Early historical records)|url=http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2001&dt=1201&sec=Sastera&pg=sa_01.htm|accessdate=1 January 2016|publisher=[[Utusan Malaysia]]|date=1 December 2001|language=Melayu}}</ref> Tradisi-tradisi penduduk asli juga menjadi sumber penulisan untuk para pengarang Tionghoa Sarawak.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Pik Shy |first1=F |title=Malaysian Chinese Literary Works in a Multicultural Environment |date=December 2013 |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=11 |url=http://ics.um.edu.my/images/ics/CAPFV3N2/Fanps.pdf |accessdate=2 January 2016 |publisher=Universiti Malaya |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102121953/http://ics.um.edu.my/images/ics/CAPFV3N2/Fanps.pdf |archivedate=2 January 2016 }}</ref>

 

== Masakan ==

{{see also|Masakan Malaysia}}

Hidangan-hidangan terkenal di negara bagian tersebut meliputi [[laksa]] Sarawak,<ref>{{cite news|title=Best Sarawak Laksa in Kuching|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/food/article/best-sarawak-laksa-in-kuching|accessdate=3 January 2016|publisher=The Malaysian Insider|date=29 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808212857/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/food/article/best-sarawak-laksa-in-kuching|archivedate=8 August 2015}}</ref> kolo mee,<ref>{{cite news|title=Kolo mee, a Sarawak favourite, any time of day|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/food/article/kolo-mee-a-sarawak-favourite-any-time-of-day|accessdate=3 January 2016|publisher=The Malaysian Insider|date=14 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309141249/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/food/article/kolo-mee-a-sarawak-favourite-any-time-of-day|archivedate=9 March 2014}}</ref> dan [[ayam pansuh]].<ref>{{cite news|title='Ayam pansuh' — A Sarawak exotic delicacy loved by many (VIDEO)|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/eat-drink/article/ayam-pansuh-a-sarawak-exotic-delicacy-loved-by-many-video|accessdate=3 January 2016|publisher=The Malay Mail|date=28 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701010809/http://www.themalaymailonline.com/eat-drink/article/ayam-pansuh-a-sarawak-exotic-delicacy-loved-by-many-video|archivedate=1 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sarawak Top 10 Iconic Food|url=http://blog.sarawaktourism.com/2012/08/sarawak-top-10-iconic-food.html|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=3 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715180712/http://blog.sarawaktourism.com/2012/08/sarawak-top-10-iconic-food.html|archivedate=15 July 2015}}</ref> Negara bagian tersebut juga dikenal karena hidangan penutup [[Kek Lapis Sarawak]]-nya.<ref>{{cite news|title=Singer Deja Moss' real passion is Sarawak layered cakes|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/metro/metro-biz/2015/03/24/baking-takes-the-cake-singer-deja-moss-real-passion-is-sarawak-layered-cakes/|accessdate=3 January 2016|publisher=The Star (Malaysia)|date=24 March 2015}}</ref> Setiap kelompok etnis memiliki hidangannya sendiri dengan gaya-gaya penyiapan, masak, dan menyantap makanan yang berbeda. Namun, teknologi modern telah mengubah cara masak hidangan-hidangan penduduk asli. Contoh makanan-makanan etnis adalah ''tuak'' Iban, ''tebaloi'' Melanau (kraker [[sagu]]) dan ''[[umai (makanan)|umai]]'' (ikan mentah yang dicampur dengan perasan limun), dan ''urum giruq'' Orang Ulu (puding).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Langgat|first1=J|last2=Mohd Zahari|first2=M.S.|last3=Yasin|first3=M.S.|last4=Mansur|first4=N.A|title=The Alteration Of Sarawak Ethnic Natives' Food: It'S &#91;sic&#93; Impact To Sarawak State Tourism|journal=2nd International Conference on Business and Economic Research (2nd ICBER 2011) Proceeding|date=2011|pages=685, 694|url=https://ideas.repec.org/p/cms/2icb11/2011-171.html|accessdate=3 January 2016}}</ref> Makanan tradisional Sarawak juga telah dipasarkan sebagai produk [[wisata kuliner]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wong|first1=Jonathan|title=Monetising Sarawak's cultural food|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/09/08/monetising-sarawaks-cultural-food/|accessdate=3 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=8 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713234142/http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/09/08/monetising-sarawaks-cultural-food/|archivedate=13 July 2014|quote=With Sarawak being a tourist destination, this opened up opportunities for small businesses to monetise the cultural aspect of the Dayaks for not only foreigners but locals as well.}}</ref> Contoh gerai-gerai [[waralaba]] yang berkembang di Sarawak adalah Sugar Bun, [[SCR (restoran)|Singapore Chicken Rice]], dan Bing Coffee.<ref>{{cite news|title=Eyes on Sarawak's franchises|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/07/21/eyes-on-sarawaks-franchises/|accessdate=4 April 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=21 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302054013/http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/07/21/eyes-on-sarawaks-franchises/|archivedate=2 March 2014}}</ref> Makanan-makanan internasional lainnya seperti makanan Barat, makanan Indonesia, makanan India, dan makanan Timur Tengah juga dapat ditemukan disana.<ref>{{cite web|title=International cuisine in Kuching|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/international-cuisine-in-kuching/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=3 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103074755/http://sarawaktourism.com/attraction/international-cuisine-in-kuching/|archivedate=3 January 2016}}</ref>

 

 

== Hari libur dan perayaan ==

Masyarakat Sarawak merayakan sejumlah hari libur dan perayaan sepanjang tahun.<ref>{{cite web|title=Public Holidays 2015|url=http://www.sarawak.gov.my/web/home/article_view/198/276/|publisher=The Sarawak Government|accessdate=7 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907173458/http://www.sarawak.gov.my/web/home/article_view/198/276/|archivedate=7 September 2015}}</ref> Selain perayaan nasional [[Hari Merdeka]] dan [[Hari Malaysia]], negara bagian tersebut juga merayakan Hari Pemerintahan Sendiri Sarawak pada 22 Juli<ref>{{cite news|title=TYT, CM attend state's 52nd anniversary of independence|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/07/23/tyt-cm-attend-states-52nd-anniversary-of-independence/|accessdate=7 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=23 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811061745/http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/07/23/tyt-cm-attend-states-52nd-anniversary-of-independence/|archivedate=11 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hunter|first1=M|title=Sarawak's "Independence Day"|url=http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/newmandala/2013/07/27/sarawaks-independence-day/|publisher=New Mandala (Australian National University)|accessdate=7 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725120609/http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/newmandala/2013/07/27/sarawaks-independence-day/|archivedate=25 July 2015}}</ref> dan hari ulang tahun Gubernur Negara Bagian tersebut.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pomp celebrations for Sarawak Governor's birthday|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/videos/2015/09/12/pomp-celebrations-for-sarawak-governors-birthday/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=The Star (Malaysia)|date=12 September 2015|archiveurl=http://www.thestar.com.my/videos/2015/09/12/pomp-celebrations-for-sarawak-governors-birthday/|archivedate=8 January 2016}}</ref> Kelompok-kelompok etnis juga merayakan perayaan mereka sendiri. Tradisi ''open house'' memperbolehkan kelompok-kelompok etnis lainnya untuk ikut dalam sebuah perayaan.<ref>{{cite news|title=CM and wife to have Hari Raya open house at BCCK|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/07/15/cm-and-wife-to-have-hari-raya-open-house-at-bcck/|accessdate=7 January 2016|publisher=15 July 2015|date=15 July 2015|archiveurl=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/07/15/cm-and-wife-to-have-hari-raya-open-house-at-bcck/|archivedate=7 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Aubrey|first1=S|title=1,000 throng Manyin's Gawai Dayak open house|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/06/09/1000-throng-manyins-gawai-dayak-open-house/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108003304/http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/06/09/1000-throng-manyins-gawai-dayak-open-house/|archivedate=8 January 2016|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=9 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=KTS holds Chinese New Year Open House in Bintulu|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/03/09/kts-holds-chinese-new-year-open-house-in-bintulu/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=9 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151216194917/http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/03/09/kts-holds-chinese-new-year-open-house-in-bintulu/|archivedate=16 December 2015}}</ref> Sarawak adalah satu-satunya negara bagian di Malaysia yang mendeklarasikan perayaan Gawai Dayak sebagai hari libur.<ref>{{cite web|title=Public Holiday in Sarawak in conjunctions with the Gawai Dayak Celebration|url=http://www.mkm.edu.my/index.php/en/news-announcement-archive/2-uncategorised/862-cuti-umum-sempena-perayaan-hari-gawai-dayak-negeri-sarawak|publisher=Co-operative College in Malaysia|accessdate=8 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108003956/http://www.mkm.edu.my/index.php/en/news-announcement-archive/2-uncategorised/862-cuti-umum-sempena-perayaan-hari-gawai-dayak-negeri-sarawak|archivedate=8 January 2016}}</ref> Sarawak juga merupakan satu-satunya negara bagian di Malaysia yang tidak mengangkat perayaan [[Diwali|Deepavali]] sebagai hari libur.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Way|first1=W|title=Deepavali is not dull in Sarawak|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/11/02/deepavali-is-not-dull-in-sarawak/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=Free Malaysia Today|date=2 November 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024154750/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/11/02/deepavali-is-not-dull-in-sarawak/|archivedate=24 October 2014}}</ref> Kelompok-kelompok keagamaan bebas melakukan ibadah di kota-kota besar selama perayaan.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lessons from Sarawak|url=http://aliran.com/aliran-monthly/2013/201310/lessons-sarawak-inter-religious-ties-relaxed-state-preserve-grip-power-pbb-likely-play-major-role-deterring-extension-umno-pas-battle-sa/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=Aliran|date=26 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219162931/http://aliran.com/aliran-monthly/2013/201310/lessons-sarawak-inter-religious-ties-relaxed-state-preserve-grip-power-pbb-likely-play-major-role-deterring-extension-umno-pas-battle-sa/|archivedate=19 February 2015|quote=The note that follows is a glimpse of the ethno-religious relations in Sibu town. The scenes in Sibu are common to other urban centres of Sarawak, but unique within the context of the national scene.&nbsp;... Besides Christianity, other religions like Taoism, Buddhism and Islam also organise their respective processions during their big festivals.}}</ref> Sarawak dan Sabah adalah satu-satunya dua negara bagian di Malaysia yang mendeklarasikan [[Jumat Agung]] sebagai hari libur.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Thomas|first1=V|title=Declare Good Friday a public holiday|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2013/03/21/declare-good-friday-a-public-holiday/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=Free Malaysia Today|date=21 March 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323195416/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2013/03/21/declare-good-friday-a-public-holiday/|archivedate=23 March 2013}}</ref> Perayaan Kuching adalah sebuah perayaan selama sebulan yang diadakan setiap Agustus untuk merayakan peniangkatannya menjadi status kota pada 1988.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuching Festival 2014|url=http://sarawaktourism.com/event/kuching-festival-2014/|publisher=Sarawak Tourism Board|accessdate=8 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716001941/http://sarawaktourism.com/event/kuching-festival-2014/|archivedate=16 July 2015}}</ref> Hari Kota Miri juga diadakan bertepatan dengan Perayaan Mei Miri setiap tahun.<ref>{{cite news|title=20,000 people rock Miri City Day's 10th anniversary concert|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/05/18/20000-people-rock-miri-city-days-10th-anniversary-concert/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=The Borneo Post|date=18 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103173915/http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/05/18/20000-people-rock-miri-city-days-10th-anniversary-concert/|archivedate=3 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=57 exciting Miri May Fest events|url=http://www.newsarawaktribune.com/news/2554/57-exciting-May-Fest-events/|accessdate=8 January 2016|publisher=New Sarawak Tribune|date=6 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108024220/http://www.newsarawaktribune.com/news/2554/57-exciting-May-Fest-events/|archivedate=8 January 2016}}</ref>