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Baris 62: Collins announced his resignation from NHGRI on May 28, 2008, but has continued to maintain an active lab there.<ref>[[Chemical & Engineering News]], Vol. 86 No. 31, August 4, 2008, p. 33, "Francis Collins leaves NIH"</ref> -->▼ == Direktur NIH == === Nominasi dan konfirmasi === ~~===Nomination and confirmation===~~ ▲--> [[Berkas:Francis Collins with Kathleen Sebelius after swearing-in ceremony.jpg\|right\|thumb\|Collins berjabat tangan dengan Health and Human Services Secretary [[Kathleen Sebelius]] setelah upacara pelantikan.]]<!-- OnPada ~~July~~tanggal 8, Juli 2009, ~~President~~Presiden Barack Obama ~~nominated~~menominasikan Collins assebagai ~~Director of the~~Direktur National Institutes of Health,<ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/President-Obama-Announces-Intent-to-Nominate-Francis-Collins-as-NIH-Director/ "President Obama Announces Intent to Nominate Francis Collins as NIH Director," Press Office, the White House, July 8, 2009]</ref> ~~and the~~dan Senate ~~unanimously~~dengan ~~confirmed~~suara ~~him~~bulat ~~for~~memberi ~~the~~konfirmasi ~~post.~~baginya Heuntuk ~~was~~jabatan itu. ~~sworn~~Ia indisumpah byoleh Health and Human Services Secretary [[Kathleen Sebelius]] onpada ~~August~~tanggal 7, Agustus 2009.<ref name="hhs">[http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2009pres/08/20090807d.html Secretary Sebelius Announces Senate Confirmation of Dr. Francis Collins as Director of the National Institutes of Health] 7-Aug-09</ref> <!-- ''[[Science (Journal)\|Science]]'' writer Jocelyn Kaiser opined that Collins was "known as a skilled administrator and excellent communicator," that Obama's nomination "did not come as a big surprise" and that the appointment "ignited a volley of flattering remarks from researchers and biomedical groups." Yet, she wrote, Collins "does have his critics," some of them who were concerned with the new director's "outspoken Christian faith."<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Kaiser \|first1=J. \|year=2009 \|title=White House Taps Former Genome Chief Francis Collins as NIH Director \|journal=Science \|volume=325 \|issue=5938 \|pages=250–1 \|pmid=19608881 \|doi=10.1126/science.325_250a}}</ref> Baris 78: On October 1, 2009, in the second of his four appearances on ''[[The Colbert Report]]'', Collins discussed his leadership at the NIH and other topics such as [[personalized medicine]] and [[stem cell research]]. And, in November 2011, Collins was included on ''The New Republic's'' list of Washington's most powerful, least famous people. Collins appeared on the series finale of ''The Colbert Report'', participating in a [[Choir\|chorus]] with several other famous people singing "[[We'll Meet Again]]".<ref>{{cite news \|last=The Editors \|title=Washington's Most Powerful, Least Famous People \|url=http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/96131/washingtons-most-powerful-least-famous-people?passthru=ZTM3Y2VhYmZjNmIzMjllNzQ3MjMxOGEzMmJlZjg1NzI \|work=The New Republic \|date=November 3, 2011 \|accessdate=October 25, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/250628/october-01-2009/francis-collins \|title=Francis Collins \|date=October 1, 2009 \|accessdate=October 18, 2009 \|publisher=[[The Colbert Report]]}}</ref> ===~~Projects~~ Proyek === Collins was instrumental in establishing the [[National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences]] (NCATS) on December 23, 2011.<ref>[http://www.nih.gov/news/health/dec2011/od-23.htm "NIH Establishes National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences," National Institutes of Health, News and Events, December 23, 2011]</ref> Other projects included increased support for [[Alzheimer's disease]] research, which was announced by Secretary Sebelius and Collins in May 2012;<ref>[http://nihrecord.od.nih.gov/newsletters/2012/06_22_2012/story1.htm "Researchers, Advocates Gather to Accelerate Alzheimer's Research," ''NIH Record,'' June 22, 2012]</ref> the [[Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies]] (BRAIN) Initiative, announced by President Obama and Collins on April 2, 2013, at the White House, and, in February 2014, the [https://www.nih.gov/research-training/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp Accelerating Medicines Partnership] (AMP), a public-private partnership between NIH, the [[Food and Drug Administration\|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]], 10 biopharmaceutical firms, and multiple non-profit organizations. InPada ~~January~~bulan Januari 2015 President Obama announced the NIH-led [[Precision Medicine Initiative]] (PMI) in his State of the Union address.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/01/30/fact-sheet-president-obama-s-precision-medicine-initiative\|title=FACT SHEET: President Obama’s Precision Medicine Initiative\|date=January 30, 2015\|website=whitehouse.gov\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> Through advances in research, technology, and policies that empower patients, PMI will enable a new era of [[precision medicine]] long envisioned by Collins and many others in which researchers, providers, and patients work together to develop more individualized care. In fiscal year 2016, the first funding for the initiative was awarded, with $130 million allocated to NIH to build a [https://www.nih.gov/precision-medicine-initiative-cohort-program national, large-scale research participant group], called a cohort, and $70 million allocated to NIH's [[National Cancer Institute]] as part of [http://www.cancer.gov/research/key-initiatives/precision-medicine/advancing-pmi-oncology PMI for Oncology.] The PMI Cohort Program will seek to extend precision medicine to all diseases by building a national research cohort of 1 million or more U.S. participants.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-framework-points-way-forward-building-national-large-scale-research-cohort-key-component-presidents-precision-medicine-initiative\|title=NIH framework points the way forward for building national, large-scale research cohort, a key component of the President’s Precision Medicine Initiative\|date=September 21, 2015\|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> In January 2016, in his State of the Union address, President Obama called for a new initiative, to be led by Vice President [[Joe Biden]], to galvanize the nation's research efforts against cancer.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/02/01/fact-sheet-investing-national-cancer-moonshot\|title=FACT SHEET: Investing in the National Cancer Moonshot\|date=February 1, 2016\|website=whitehouse.gov\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> Fueled by an additional $680 million in the proposed fiscal year 2017 budget for NIH, the [http://www.cancer.gov/research/key-initiatives/moonshot-cancer-initiative National Cancer Moonshot Initiative] will aim to accelerate progress toward the next generation of interventions to reduce cancer incidence and improve patient outcomes.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/blue-ribbon-panel-announced-help-guide-vice-president-bidens-national-cancer-moonshot-initiative\|title=Blue Ribbon Panel Announced to Help Guide Vice President Biden’s National Cancer Moonshot Initiative\|date=April 4, 2016\|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> In other precedent-setting actions during his time as NIH Director, Collins in June 2013 outlined plans to substantially reduce the use of chimpanzees in NIH-funded [[biomedical research]].<ref>[http://www.nih.gov/news/health/jun2013/od-26.htm "NIH to Reduce Significantly the Use of Chimpanzees in Research," "News and Events," National Institutes of Health, June 26, 2013]</ref> In November 2015, he announced NIH will no longer support any biomedical research involving chimpanzees.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/who-we-are/nih-director/statements/nih-will-no-longer-support-biomedical-research-chimpanzees\|title=NIH Will No Longer Support Biomedical Research on Chimpanzees\|date=November 18, 2015\|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> In January 2013, Collins also created two senior scientific positions as part of the NIH's response to an advisory group's recommendations on [[Big data\|Big Data]] and the diversity of the scientific workforce.<ref>[http://nihrecord.od.nih.gov/newsletters/2013/02_01_2013/story5.htm "Big Data, Diversity Initiatives Get Acting Directors," ''NIH Record,'' February 1, 2013]</ref> In December 2013, Collins announced the selection of [[Philip Bourne\|Philip E. Bourne]] as NIH's first Associate Director for Data Science,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-names-dr-philip-e-bourne-first-associate-director-data-science\|title=NIH Names Dr. Philip E. Bourne First Associate Director for Data Science\|date=August 10, 2015\|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> and, in response to internal NIH working group recommendations, Collins appointed Stanford cardiologist [[Hannah Valantine]] in 2014 as the institution's first Chief Officer for Scientific Workforce Diversity.<ref name="nih">{{cite web \|title=Hannah Valantine, M.D., named NIH’s first Chief Officer for Scientific Workforce Diversity \|url=http://www.nih.gov/news/health/jan2014/od-30.htm \|website=News & Events \|publisher=National Institutes of Health \|accessdate=March 8, 2015 \|date=January 20, 2014}}</ref> In December 2015 Collins and other NIH leaders released a detailed plan that charted a course for NIH's efforts over the ensuing five years The NIH-Wide Strategic Plan, Fiscal Years 2016-2020: Turning Discovery Into Health<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/nih-wide-strategic-plan\|title=NIH-Wide Strategic Plan\|date=October 6, 2015\|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|access-date=April 29, 2016}}</ref> was aimed at ensuring the agency remains well positioned to capitalize on new opportunities for scientific exploration an to address new challenges for human health.

Francis Collins: Perbedaan antara revisi