Payne bertemu dengan seorang penari bernama Danielle Peazer dalam acara ''X Factor'' tahun 2010 dan berpacaran sampai Mei 2013.<ref>{{cite news|author=Amy Oliver|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2124451/One-Direction-star-Liam-Paynes-girlfriend-Danielle-gets-relax-poolside-Harry.html?ito=feeds-newsxml|title=One Direction star Liam Payne's girlfriend Danielle gets to relax poolside with Harry|work=Daily Mail |date=3 April 2012|accessdate= 27 April 2012|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sugarscape.com/main-topics/celebrities/659203/danielle-peazer-liam-payne-leaked-pics-danielles-response |title=Danielle Peazer & Liam Payne leaked pics: Danielle's response |publisher=Sugarscape |accessdate=2012-03-17}}</ref> Payne berpacaran dengan teman sekolahnya dulu bernama Sophia Smith dari Agustus 2013 sampai 2015.Kini Liam menjalin hubungan dengan seorang penyanyi wanita bernama Cheryl Cole.<ref>{{cite news|author=Amy Oliver|url=http://www.teenvogue.com/story/sophia-smith-liam-payne-relationship-instagram|title=Sophia Smith Unlocked Her Instagram, Revealing What It's Like To Date a One Direction Member|work= teenvogue|date=10 November 2015|accessdate= 2 March 2017|location=London}}</ref>Payne mulai berpacaran dengan penyanyi [[Cheryl Cole|Cheryl]] di Desember 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cheryl Fernandez-Versini moves in with Liam Payne?|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/cheryl-fernandez-versini-moves-in-with-liam-payne-116041000053_1.html|publisher=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Vulpo|first1=Mike|title=Liam Payne and Cheryl Fernandez-Versini Are "Madly in Love" and "Very Happy," According to Simon Cowell|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/753881/liam-payne-and-cheryl-fernandez-versini-are-madly-in-love-and-very-happy-according-to-simon-cowell}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Shenton|first1=Zoe|title=Liam Payne is the perfect gentleman as he gives Cheryl a helping hand on romantic date night|url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/liam-payne-perfect-gentleman-gives-7742848}}</ref> Pada 22 Maret 2017, mereka mendapat anak pertama, seorang putra.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Entertainment & Arts|title=Cheryl and Liam announce birth of baby boy|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39395996|accessdate=25 March 2017|work=[[BBC News]]|date=25 March 2017|location=United Kingdom}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Read-Dominguez |first1=Jennifer |title=Cheryl and Liam welcome their first child |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/news/a823511/cheryl-fernandez-versini-liam-payne-welcome-first-baby/ |website=[[Digital Spy]] |publisher=[[Hearst Corporation]] |accessdate=25 March 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325212737/http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/news/a823511/cheryl-fernandez-versini-liam-payne-welcome-first-baby/ |archivedate=25 March 2017 |location=United Kingdom |language=en |date=25 March 2017 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Bacardi |first1=Francesca |title=Liam Payne and Cheryl Cole Welcome First Child Together |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/827620/liam-payne-and-cheryl-cole-welcome-their-first-child-together |website=[[E! Online]] |publisher=[[NBCUniversal]] |accessdate=25 March 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325212917/http://www.eonline.com/news/827620/liam-payne-and-cheryl-cole-welcome-their-first-child-together |archivedate=25 March 2017 |location=United States |date=25 March 2017 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref>