Wikipedia

Kelompok minoritas di Turki: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnyaRevisi selanjutnya →
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Baris 203:
Terdapat sejumlah orang etnis Bulgaria di Turki yang sebagian besar terdiri dari orang-orang dari suku bangsa [[Pomak]] dan sebagian kecil lainnya adalah orang-orang [[Bangsa Bulgaria|etnis Bulgaria]] yang beragama Krsiten Ortodoks.<ref>The Balkans, Minorities and States in Conflict (1993), Minority Rights Publication, by Hugh Poulton, p. 111.</ref><ref>Richard V. Weekes; Muslim peoples: a world ethnographic survey, Volume 1; 1984; [https://books.google.com/books?ei=in2CTfrLDsbAswbbvr2cAw&ct=result&id=aVdIAAAAMAAJ&dq=pomaks&q=%22pomaks+exist%22#search_anchor p.612]</ref><ref>Raju G. C. Thomas; Yugoslavia unraveled: sovereignty, self-determination, intervention; 2003, [https://books.google.com/books?id=9L6ZayN27PAC&pg=PA105&dq=pomaks&hl=en&ei=in2CTfrLDsbAswbbvr2cAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFAQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=pomaks&f=false p.105]</ref> Menurut seorang ahli [[etnologi]], terdapat sekitar 300.000 jiwa etnis [[Pomak]] di [[Turki]] yang menuturkan [[bahasa Bulgaria]] sebagai bahasa ibu mereka.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.ethnologue.com|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World|publisher=SIL International|year=2005|isbn=978-1-55671-159-6|editor=Gordon, Raymond G. Jr.|edition=Fifteenth|location=[[Dallas, Texas]]|chapter=Languages of Turkey (Europe)|chapterurl=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=TRE}}</ref> Sangat sulit mengetahui jumlah pasti orang Bulgaria khususnya etnis Pomak di Turki karena banyak orang Pomak yang sudah berintegrasi dan berasimilasi dengan budaya dan bahasa setempat.<ref name="hurriyet">{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/h.php?news=trial-sheds-light-on-shades-of-turkey-2008-06-10|title=Trial sheds light on shades of Turkey|last=|first=|date=2008-06-10|work=|publisher=''Hurriyet Daily News and Economic Review''|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xPCtaAXt?url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/h.php?news=trial-sheds-light-on-shades-of-turkey-2008-06-10|archivedate=2011-03-23|deadurl=yes|accessdate=2017-12-11|via=|df=}}</ref> Menurut laporan ''[[Milliyet]]'' dan Berita Harian Turki, jumlah etnis Pomak dan orang Pomak yang sudah berasimilasi dengan [[Orang Turki|etnis Turki]] berjumlah sekitar 600.000 jiwa.<ref name="Milliyet-Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı">{{cite web|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/default.aspx?aType=SonDakika&Kategori=yasam&ArticleID=873452&Date=07.06.2008&ver=16|title=Milliyet - Turkified Pomaks in Turkey|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=www.milliyet.com.tr|language=tr|accessdate=2017-12-11}}</ref><ref name="hurriyet" /> Menurut Kementerian Urusan Luar Negeri Bulgaria terdapat komunitas Kristen Ortodoks Bulgaria di Turki dengan jumlah sekitar 500 orang.<ref>[http://www.mfa.bg/bg/pages/view/5360 "Българската общност в Република Турция "]</ref>
 
===OrangSuku Bangsa Turki dari Asia Tengah===
==== KazakhsSuku Kazakh ====
TheyTerdapat are aboutsekitar 30,.000 orang keturunan [[KazakhBangsa peopleKazakh|Kazakh]] livingmenetap indi Zeytinburnu, di kota [[ZeytinburnuIstanbul]]-Istanbul. ItSelain isdi knownIstnabul thatkomunitas there[[Bangsa areKazakh|orang Kazakh]] juga peopleterdapat indi otherwilayah partslainnya ofdi TurkeyTurki, forseperti instancedi wilayah Manisa, di kota [[Konya]]. InGelombang migrasi orang-orang Kazakh ke Turki terjadi pada tahun 1969 anddan 1954. KazakhsPada migratedmulanya intomereka Anatolia'smenetap di wilayah SalihliSalihi, Develi, anddan Altay regions.<ref name="Espace">{{cite book|title=Espace populations sociétés|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RCkkAQAAIAAJ&q=kayseri+diaspora+pakistan&dq=kayseri+diaspora+pakistan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiby-XQ5urOAhVEpx4KHR4dCd04ChDoAQhAMAY|yeartitle=2006Espace populations sociétés|publisher=Université des sciences et techniques de Lille, U.E.R. de géographie|year=2006|page=174}}</ref> TurkeyTerdapat becamebeebrapa homeorganisasi tobagi refugeepara Kazakhs.<refketurunan name="Forbes1986">{{citeKazakh book|author=Andrewdi D.Turki, W.seperti Forbes|title=WarlordsYayasan and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911Kazakh-1949|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA156#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=9Turki October([[bahasa 1986|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25514-1|pages=156–}}{{cite book|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central AsiaTurki]]: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA236#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=9 October 1986|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25514-1|pages=236–}}</ref> The Kazakh Turks Foundation (Kazak Türkleri Vakfı) is an organization of Kazakhs in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kazakturklerivakfi.org/index.php?limitstart=118 |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website=Kazak Türkleri Vakfı Resmi Web Sayfası |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> Kazakhsdan inOrganisasi TurkeyDiaspora cameKazakh viadi PakistanTurki and([[bahasa Afghanistan.<ref name="Gladney2004">{{cite book|author=Dru C. Gladney|title=Dislocating ChinaTurki]]: Muslims, Minorities, and Other Subaltern Subjects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzxSNM3_vCEC&pg=PA184#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=1 April 2004|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-29776-7|pages=184–}}</ref> ''Kazak Kültür Derneği'' (Kazakh Culture Associration) is a Kazakh diaspora organization in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kazakkultur.org/ |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website= Kazak Kültür Derneği |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref>
 
==== KyrgyzKirgiz ====
 
Turkey'sKawasan sekitar [[LakeDanau Van]] areadi isTurki theadalah homerumah ofbagi [[Kyrgyzpengungsi people#Inetnis Afghanistan|KyrgyzKirgiz refugeesdari from Afghanistan[[Afganistan]].<ref name="Planet2014">{{cite book|author=Lonely Planet|title=Great Adventures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3DWvAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT29#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Great Adventures|author=Lonely Planet|date=1 June 2014|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications|isbn=978-1-74360-102-0|pages=}}</ref> TurkeyTurki becamemenjadisalah asatu destinationtujuan fortempat [[Kyrgyzpengungsian inbagi Pakistan|Kyrgyzpara refugees]]pengungsi dueetnis toKirgiz theselama [[SovietPerang war in AfghanistanSoviet–Afganistan]] from Afghanistan's Wakhan area.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Finkel |first=Michael |last2= |first2= |date=February 2013 |title=Wakhan Corridor |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2013/02/wakhan-corridor/finkel-text |journal=National Geographic |publisher= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=30 August 2016}}</ref> 500Terdapat remainedsebuah andorganisasi didbagi notetnis goKirgiz todi TurkeyTurki withyang thebernama others.<refPersahabatan name="Phillips2001">{{citedan book|author=DavidMasyarakat J.Budaya Phillips|title=PeoplesKirgiztan on([[bahasa the MoveKirgiz]]: Introducing the Nomads of the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54gyRnhIugkC&pg=PA314#v=onepage&q&f=false|year=2001|publisher=William Carey Library|isbn=978-0-87808-352-7|pages=314–}}</ref> ''Friendship and Culture Society of Kyrgyzstan'' (Кыргызстан Достук жана Маданият Коому)'', ([[bahasa Turki]]: ''Kırgızistan Kültür ve Dostluk Derneği Resmi Sitesi'') is a Kyrgyz diaspora organization in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kyrgyzstan.org.tr/tr.html|title=|last1=|first1=|last2=|first2=|date=|website=Кыргызстан Достук жана Маданият Коому (Kırgızistan Kültür ve Dostluk Derneği Resmi Sitesi)|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008052336/http://www.kyrgyzstan.org.tr/tr.html |archive-date=2017-12-11|dead-url=yes |archiveaccess-date=2013-10-08 |titlequote=}}</ref> |last1=Tidak |first1=diketahui |last2=secara |first2=pasti |date=jumlah |website=etnis Kirgiz di Turki.
Кыргызстан Достук жана Маданият Коому (Kırgızistan Kültür ve Dostluk Derneği Resmi Sitesi) |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref>
 
====UyghursUzbek====▼
They were airlifted in 1982 from Pakistan where they had sought refugee after the [[Soviet invasion of Afghanistan]] at the end of 1979. Their original home was at the eastern end of the [[Wakhan]] Corridor, in the [[Pamirs]], bordering on China. It is not known how many Kyrgyz still live in Van and how many have moved on to other parts of Turkey.
[[Uzbek|Suku bangsa Uzbek]] berjumlah sekitar 45.000 jiwa di Turki. Pada dekade 1800-an wilayah utara Bogrudelik di [[Konya]] dikuasai oleh orang Tatar Bukharlyks. Pada tahun 1981 gelombang pengungsi dari etnis Uzbek di wilayah Pakistan bermigrasi ke Turki. Pemukiman pertama mereka terletak di Kayseri, Izmir, Ankara, dan Zeytinburnu.<ref name="Espace" />
 
====UzbeksUighur====
Turkey is home to 45,000 Uzbeks.<ref>[http://evrenpasakoyu.wordpress.com Evrenpaşa Köyü | Güney Türkistan'dan Anadoluya Urfa Ceylanpınar Özbek Türkleri]. Evrenpasakoyu.wordpress.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> In the 1800s Konya's north Bogrudelik was settled by Tatar [[Emirate of Bukhara|Bukharlyks]]. In 1981 [[Uzbeks in Pakistan|Afghan Turkestan refugees in Pakistan]] moved to Turkey to join the existing Kayseri, Izmir, Ankara, and Zeytinburnu based communities.<ref name="Espace"/> Turkish based Uzbeks have established links to Saudi-based Uzbeks.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Balcı |first=Bayram |last2= |first2= |date=Winter 2004 |title=The Role of the Pilgrimage in Relations between Uzbekistan and the Uzbek Community of Saudi Arabia |url=https://cess.memberclicks.net/assets/cesr2/CESR3/article%203%20v3n1.pdf |journal=CENTRAL EURASIAN STUDIES REVIEW |publisher= |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=17 |doi= |access-date=30 August 2016}}</ref>
 
▲====Uyghurs====
Turkey is home to 50,000 Uyghurs.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date= April 9, 2015 |title=ISIL recruits Chinese with fake Turkish passports from Istanbul |url=http://national.bgnnews.com/isil-recruits-chinese-with-fake-turkish-passports-from-istanbul-haberi/4968|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925213242/http://national.bgnnews.com/isil-recruits-chinese-with-fake-turkish-passports-from-istanbul-haberi/4968|dead-url=yes|archive-date=September 25, 2015|newspaper=BGNNews.com|location=Istanbul |access-date= }}</ref> A community of Uyghurs live in Turkey.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blanchard |first=Ben |date= July 11, 2015 |title=China says Uighurs being sold as 'cannon fodder' for extremist groups |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-turkey-idUSKCN0PL08520150711|newspaper=Reuters |location=BEIJING |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=July 11, 2015 |title= Uyghurs sold as ‘cannon fodder’ for extremist groups: China |url=http://atimes.com/2015/07/uyghurs-being-sold-as-cannon-fodder-for-extremist-groups-china/ |newspaper=Asia Times |location= |access-date= }}</ref> [[Kayseri]] received Uyghurs numbering close to 360 via the UNHCR in 1966–1967 from Pakistan.<ref name="ShichorCenter2009">{{cite book|author1=Yitzhak Shichor|author2=East-West Center|title=Ethno-diplomacy, the Uyghur hitch in Sino-Turkish relations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IR4tAQAAIAAJ&q=kayseri+unhcr+pakistan&dq=kayseri+unhcr+pakistan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjavKHrhevOAhXFGR4KHT-NBCQQ6AEITzAH|year=2009|publisher=East-West Center|isbn=978-1-932728-80-4|page=16}}</ref> The Turkey-based Uyghur diaspora had a number of family members among Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan based Uyghurs who stayed behind while the UNHCR and government of Turkey had Kayseri receive 75 Uyghurs in 1967 and 230 Uyghurs in 1965 and a number in 1964 under Alptekin and Bughra.<ref name="PuschWilkoszewski2008">{{cite book|author1=Barbara Pusch|author2=Tomas Wilkoszewski|title=Facetten internationaler Migration in die Türkei: gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen und persönliche Lebenswelten|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yFYOAQAAMAAJ&q=kayseri+unhcr+pakistan&dq=kayseri+unhcr+pakistan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiN6Z_BhuvOAhXJJB4KHQMJBJc4ChDoAQgsMAE|year=2008|publisher=Ergon-Verlag|isbn=978-3-89913-647-0|page=221}}</ref> ''We never call each other Uyghur, but only refer to ourselves as East Turkestanis, or Kashgarlik, Turpanli, or even Turks.''- according to some Uyghurs born in Turkey.<ref name="Gladney2004 2">{{cite book|author=Dru C. Gladney|title=Dislocating China: Muslims, Minorities, and Other Subaltern Subjects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzxSNM3_vCEC&pg=PA183&dq=central+asian+features+turkish+popular+blood&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjussOhne3OAhWHqR4KHbaoDXAQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&q=central%20asian%20features%20turkish%20popular%20blood&f=false|date=1 April 2004|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-29776-7|pages=183–}}</ref><ref name="AtabakiO'Kane1998">{{cite book|author1=Touraj Atabaki|author2=John O'Kane|title=Post-Soviet Central Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KwZpAAAAMAAJ&q=central+asian+features+turkish+popular+blood&dq=central+asian+features+turkish+popular+blood&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjussOhne3OAhWHqR4KHbaoDXAQ6AEIJDAB|date=15 October 1998|publisher=I. B. Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-327-9|page=305}}</ref>
 
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kelompok_minoritas_di_Turki"