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Artikel ini merupakan berisi '''[[Daftar persoalan yang belum terpecahkan|persoalan yang belum terpecahkan]] dalam [[biologi]]'''.
==Persoalan==
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| [[Alkaloid]]
| Fungsi zat ini dalam organisme hidup yang menghasilkannya tidak diketahui<ref>{{cite book|author = Aniszewski, Tadeusz |title = Alkaloids – secrets of life|location = Amsterdam|publisher = [[Elsevier]]|year = 2007|isbn = 978-0-444-52736-3|page=142}}</ref>
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| [[Masalah kepala arthropoda]]
| Perselisihan zoologi lama tentang komposisi segmental kepala berbagai kelompok arthropoda, dan bagaimana hubungan mereka saling terkait satu sama lain.
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| [[Hiu berjemur ]]
| Hanya indung telur yang kanan pada hiu berjemur betina yang tampaknya berfungsi, alasannya tidak diketahui.
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| [[Penuaan biologis]]
| Ada sejumlah hipotesis mengapa penuaan terjadi termasuk yang diprogram oleh perubahan ekspresi gen dan bahwa penuaan adalah kerusakan akumulatif dari proses biologis.
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| [[Paus biru]]
| Tidak banyak data tentang seksualitas hewan terbesar yang pernah ada.<ref>[http://www.articleworld.org/index.php/Blue_Whale Articleworld.org Blue Whale]</ref>
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| [[Botani]]/[[tumbuhan]]
| Apa sejarah evolusi yang sebenarnya dari [[bunga]]? (persoalan ini sering disebut [[misteri mengerikan Darwin]])
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| [[Migrasi kupu-kupu]]
| Bagaimana keturunan [[kupu-kupu raja]] di seantero Kanada dan AS pada akhirnya, setelah bermigrasi selama beberapa generasi, berhasil kembali ke beberapa tempat berpenahan musim dingin yang relatif kecil?
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| [[Ledakan kambria]]
| Apa penyebab diversifikasi cepat kehidupan hewan multiseluler sekitar awal [[Kambrium]], yang mengakibatkan kemunculan hampir semua hewan modern [[Phylum|phyla]]?
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| [[Ukuran sel]]
| Bagaimana sel menentukan ukuran apa yang akan tumbuh sebelum membelah?
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| [[Kognisi]] dan [[Pengambilan keputusan|keputusan]]
| Bagaimana dan di mana otak mengevaluasi nilai dan usaha [[biaya]] untuk memodulasi [[perilaku]]? Bagaimana pengalaman sebelumnya mengubah persepsi dan perilaku? Apa kontribusi genetik dan lingkungan terhadap fungsi otak?
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| [[Ilmu saraf komputasi]]
| Seberapa penting waktu pengambilan tindakan yang tepat untuk pemrosesan informasi di neokorteks? Apakah ada perhitungan kanonik yang dilakukan oleh kolom kortikal? Bagaimana informasi di otak yang diproses oleh dinamika kolektif rangkaian neuron besar? Apa tingkat penyederhanaan yang cocok untuk deskripsi pengolahan informasi di otak? Apa kode syarafnya?
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| [[Teori komputasi pikiran]]
| Apa batasan pemahaman berpikir sebagai bentuk komputasi?
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| [[Kesadaran]]
| Apa dasar [[otak]] dari [[pengalaman subjektif]], kognisi, terjaga, [[kewaspadaan]], [[gairah]], dan [[perhatian]]? Apakah ada "[masalah sulit kesadaran]]"? Jika ya, bagaimana solusinya? Apa, jika ada, apakah fungsi kesadaran?<ref>{{cite book |author1=Sejnowski, Terrence J. |author2=Hemmen, J. L. van |title=23 problems in systems neuroscience |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford [Oxfordshire] |year=2006 |isbn=0-19-514822-3 |url=http://papers.cnl.salk.edu/PDFs/23%20Problems%20in%20Systems%20Neuroscience%202005-2921.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tononi, G |author2=Koch, C. |title = Consciousness: Here, there and everywhere?|publisher = Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B|year =2015|url=http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/370/1668/20140167|format=PDF}}</ref>
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| [[Penyakit]]
| Apa dasar saraf (penyebab) penyakit [[otak] mental seperti kelainan psikotik (misalnya [[mania]], [[skizofrenia]]], [penyakit Parkinson]], [penyakit Alzheimer]], atau [[Substansi ketergantungan | kecanduan]]? Mungkinkah untuk memulihkan kehilangan fungsi sensorik atau motorik?
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| [[Evolusi seks]]
| Apakah keunggulan selektif mendorong perkembangan [[reproduksi seksual]], dan bagaimana perkembangannya?<ref>Thomas N. Sherratt, David M. Wilkinson. Big questions in ecology and evolution. Oxford University Press US, 2009. {{ISBN|978-0-19-954861-3}}</ref>
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| [[Kehidupan di luar bumi]]
| Mungkin kehidupan yang tidak berasal dari planet bumi juga telah berkembang di planet lain? Mungkinkah ini hidup menjadi cerdas?
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| [[Kehendak bebas]]
| Terutama [[ilmu saraf kehendak bebas]]
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| [[Tawon empuk]]
| Sebagian besar tidak diketahui bagaimana serangga ini menginduksi formasi empedu pada tanaman; pemicu kimia, mekanik, dan virus telah dibahas.
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| [[Teori tindakan anestesi umum|Anestesi umum]]
| Apa mekanismenya dan dimana ia bekerja?
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| [[Tubuh glikogen]]
| Fungsi struktur ini tidak diketahui.
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| [[Golgi apparatus]]
| In [[cell theory]], what is the exact [[TRAPP complex|transport mechanism]] by which proteins travel through the [[Golgi apparatus]]?
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| [[Homing (biology)|Homing]]
| A satisfactory explanation for the neurobiological mechanisms that allow homing, has yet to be found.
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| [[Homosexuality]]
| What is the cause of homosexuality, especially in the human species?
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| [[Korarchaeota]]
| Their metabolic processes are so far unclear.
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| [[Language]]
| How is it implemented neurally? What is the basis of [[semantics|semantic]] [[Meaning (linguistic)|meaning]]?
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| [[Latitudinal diversity gradient]]
| Why does biodiversity increase when going from the poles towards the equator?
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| [[Learning]] and [[memory]]
| Where do our memories get stored and how are they retrieved again? How can learning be improved? What is the difference between [[explicit memory|explicit]] and [[implicit memory|implicit]] memories? What molecule is responsible for [[synaptic tagging]]?
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| [[Loricifera]]
| There are at least 100 species of this phylum that are yet to be described, but none of them is known to be present in the fossil record.
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| [[motor skill|Movement]]
| How can we move so controllably, even though the motor nerve impulses seem haphazard and unpredictable?<ref>{{cite journal|last1=University of Copenhagen|title=Thinking With The Spinal Cord?|journal=ScienceDaily|date=24 January 2007|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070123143605.htm|accessdate=25 May 2016}}</ref>
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| [[Morphogenesis|Development]] and [[evolution]] of brain
| How and why did the brain [[Evolution|evolve]]? What are the [[molecular]] determinants of individual brain development?
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| Neural computation
| What are all the different types of [[neuron]] and what do they do in the human brain?
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| [[Neuroplasticity]]
| How [[Neuroplasticity|plastic]] is the mature brain?
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| [[Noogenesis]] - the [[emergence]] and [[evolution]] of [[intelligence]]
| What are the laws and mechanisms - of new [[idea]] emergence ([[insight]], creativity synthesis, [[intuition]], [[decision-making]], [[eureka effect|eureka]]); development (evolution) of an individual [[mind]] in the [[ontogenesis]], etc.?
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| [[Origin of life]]
| Exactly how and when did life on Earth originate? Which, if any, of the many hypotheses is correct?
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| [[Paradox of the plankton]]
| The high [[Biodiversity|diversity]] of [[phytoplankton]] seems to violate the [[competitive exclusion principle]].
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| [[Perception]]
| How does the [[brain]] transfer [[sense|sensory]] information into coherent, private percepts? What are the [[wiktionary:rule|rules]] by which perception is organized? What are the features/[[Object (image processing)|objects]] that constitute our perceptual experience of internal and external events? How are the [[senses]] integrated? What is the relationship between subjective experience and the [[nature|physical]] world?
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| [[Lipatan protein]]
| What is the folding code? What is the folding mechanism? Can we predict the native structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence?
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| [[Rotifera]]
| Apa fungsi organ retrocerebral itu?
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| [[Tidur]]
| Apa fungsi biologis tidur? Why do we [[dream]]? Mengapa kita [[mimpi]]? Apa mekanisme otak yang mendasarinya? Apa hubungannya dengan [[anestesi]]?
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==Lihat pula==
*[[Daftar masalah yang belum terpecahkan dalam ilmu saraf]]
==Referensi==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Unsolved Problems In Biology}}
[[Category:Biology-related lists]]
[[Category:Lists of unsolved problems|Biology]]
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