Kritik terhadap Islam: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

== Kekerasan ==

Serangan 9/11 terhadap AS dan serangan baru lainnya telah mengakibatkan non-Muslim mendakwa Islam sebagai agama kekerasan.<ref>{{cite book|title=Religion, power & violence: expression of politics in contemporary times|first=Ram|last=Puniyani|publisher=SAGE|year=2005|pages=97–98|url=http://books.google.com/?id=Fd5Fm79VMk8C&pg=PA98&dq=Islam+%22violent+religion%22#v=onepage&q=Islam%20%22violent%20religion%22&f=false|isbn=9780761933380}}</ref> Ajaran Alquran mengenai masalah-masalah perang dan damai telah menjadi topik diskusi panas dalam beberapa tahun terakhir.<ref name="Who Are the Moderate Muslims?">Sam Harris [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/sam-harris/who-are-the-moderate-musl_b_15841.html Who Are the Moderate Muslims?]</ref> Di satu sisi, beberapa kritikus mengklaim ayat-ayat tertentu dari aksi militer sebagai sanksi Qur'an melawan kafir secara keseluruhan baik selama masa Muhammad dan setelahnya. Al-Qur'an mengatakan, "Dan perangilah di atas nama agamamu orang-orang yang memerangi kamu." Di sisi lain, para ahli lain berpendapat bahwa ayat-ayat tersebut ditafsirkan di luar konteks,<ref name="Boundries_Princeton">Sohail H. Hashmi, David Miller, ''Boundaries and Justice: diverse ethical perspectives'', Princeton University Press, p.197</ref><ref name="www-rohan.sdsu.edu">Khaleel Muhammad, professor of religious studies at San Diego State University, states, regarding his discussion with the critic Robert Spencer, that "when I am told ... that Jihad only means war, or that I have to accept interpretations of the Qur'an that non-Muslims (with no good intentions or knowledge of Islam) seek to force upon me, I see a certain agendum developing: one that is based on hate, and I refuse to be part of such an intellectual crime." [http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~khaleel/]</ref><ref name="aaiil.org">Ali, Maulana Muhammad; [http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/mali/religionislam/religionislammuhammadali.shtml The Religion of Islam] (6th Edition), Ch V "Jihad" Page 414 "When shall war cease". Published by ''[[Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam|The Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement]]''</ref><ref name="Sadr-u-Din, Maulvi page 8">Sadr-u-Din, Maulvi. "Qur'an and War", page 8. Published by The Muslim Book Society, Lahore, Pakistan.[http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/others/sadrdin/quranwar/quranwar.shtml]</ref><ref>[http://www.aaiil.org/uk/newsletters/2002/0302.shtml Article on Jihad] by Dr. G. W. Leitner (founder of The Oriental Institute, UK) published in Asiatic Quarterly Review, 1886. ("Jihad, even when explained as a righteous effort of waging war in self-defense against the grossest outrage on one's religion, is strictly limited..")</ref> dan berpendapat bahwa ketika ayat-ayat yang dibaca dalam konteks yang jelas tampak bahwa Alquran melarang agresi, dan memungkinkan berjuang hanya untuk membela diri.<ref name="The Qur p. 228-232">[http://www.aaiil.org/text/articles/bash/quraniccommandmentswarjihad.shtml The Qur'anic Commandments Regarding War/Jihad] An English rendering of an Urdu article appearing in Basharat-e-Ahmadiyya Vol. I, p. 228-232, by Dr. Basharat Ahmad; published by the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam</ref><ref name="Ali, Maulana Muhammad Pages 411-413">Ali, Maulana Muhammad; The Religion of Islam (6th Edition), Ch V "Jihad" Pages 411-413. Published by The Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement [http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/mali/religionislam/religionislammuhammadali.shtml]</ref>