Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Image:Téodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo.jpg|100px|thumb|right|Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo]]
Brigadier General (ret.) '''Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo''' (lahir [[5 Juni]] [[1942]]) adalah Presiden [[Guinea Khatulistiwa]] sejak tahun [[1979]]. Lahir dari klan Esangui di [[Acoacán]], Obiang meniti karier kemiliteran dan melanjutkan pendidikan akademi di [[Spanyol]]. <!--He achieved the rank of lieutenant upon his uncle [[Francisco Macías Nguema]]'s election.
==Under Macías==
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1942|Mbasogo]]▼
Obiang was shuffled through various jobs, including governor of [[Bioko]], head of the infamous Black Beach prison, and as leader of the [[Military of Equatorial Guinea|National Guard]]. He deposed his uncle on [[August 3]], [[1979]] in a violent [[coup d'état]], supported by 600 mercenaries licenced from [[Hassan II of Morocco]].
Obiang declared that the new government would bring a fresh start from the repressive measures taken by his uncle's administration. He inherited a country with an empty treasury and a population that had dropped to a third of its 1968 level, when about the 50% of the former 1,2million inhabitants moved to Spain or the neighbouring countries. He formally assumed the presidency in [[October]] [[1979]], after the mercenaries had killed the previous president.
A new constitution was adopted in 1982; at the same time, Obiang was elected to a seven-year term as president. He was reelected in 1989 as the only candidate.
==Presidency==
Most domestic and international observers consider his regime to be one of the most corrupt, ethnocentric, oppressive and anti-democratic states in the world. Equatorial Guinea is now essentially a single-party state, dominated by Obiang's [[Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea]] (PDGE).
All but two members of the 100-seat national parliament belong to the PDGE or are aligned with it. The opposition is severely hampered by the lack of a free press as a vehicle for their views.
Around 90% of all opposition politicians live in exile, 550 anti-Obiang activists have been jailed unfairly, and several killed since 1979. Obiang was re-elected in 1996 and 2002, but the conduct of both elections was not acceptable to international observers.
In July 2003, state-operated radio declared that the president is a [[God]] who is "in permanent contact with the Almighty" and can "kill anyone without being called to account", he personally made similar comments in 1993. Coincidentally, Macias Nguema had also been proclaimed God.
Obiang has encouraged his [[cult of personality]] by ensuring that public speeches end in well-wishing for himself for well-wishing for the republic. Many important buildings have a presidential lodge, many towns and cities have streets commemorating Obiang's coup against his own uncle as well as there being a penchant among the population to wear clothes with his face printed on them.
In March 2004, Obiang announced that there was a complex plot to overthrow him that allegedly involved the intelligence services of the [[United States]], the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Spain]].
Shortly after 15 people were arrested in Equatorial Guinea in connection with a possible coup attempt, an airplane landed in [[Harare]], [[Zimbabwe]], and was promptly detained by authorities.
The Zimbabwean government claimed that the aircraft was carrying armed white [[mercenary|mercenaries]] who were heading to Equatorial Guinea with the aim of toppling Obiang's government.
However, the American-based operator of the plane maintained that the men were en route to the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] to guard commercial mining interests for JFPI Corporation.
President Obiang charges that various Western governments wanted to install the head of Equatorial Guinea's government-in-exile, [[Severo Moto Nsá]], as president.
A man that Equatoguinean media identified as the leader of the mercenaries, [[Nick du Toit]], said he had not intended to kill Obiang, but had hoped to force him into exile.
Like his predecessor and other African dictators such as [[Idi Amin]] and [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], Obiang has assigned to himself several creative titles; '''the great major general Alifanfarón, gentleman of the great island of Bioko, Annobón and Río Muni''', as well as referring to himself as '''El Jefe''' (the boss).
In similar fashion to Amin, Obiang has also allowed rumours that he is a cannibal to circulate (see[[http://www.news24.com/News24/Africa/News/0,,2-11-1447_1496535,00.html]]).
President Obiang is the Vice President of the '''International Parliament for Safety and Peace''', an intergovernmental organization based in Italy (see [[http://www.parlamentomondiale.org]]).
===Succession===
Obiang is suffering from terminal [[prostate cancer]], amongst other illnesses, is reported to weigh as little as 50kg, and is said to be existing in agony (see [[http://www.afrol.com/articles/17227]]).
The issue of succession is dominating the country, with a political struggle within the Equatoguinean elite. Obiang wants his son [[Teodorín Nguema Obiang]], who reportedly lives a frequently irresponsible lifestyle. Someone with loyalty to the regime may be designated by the PDGE from within the Esangui clan. There is even a possibility that fully democratic rule will come to the country for the first time, but this is probably the most unlikely scenario.
In November 2005, Obiang held an important meeting with the PDGE, in which it was believed that he intended to create a position of [[vice president]] and fill that position with his son. His worsening medical condition demands he travel abroad twice a month, leaving the country more vulnerable to coups.
He is expected to hand over to his son in 2006 - a move opposed by the other main contender: [[Armengol Ondo Nguema]]. He also held a private meeting with [[Pope Benedict XVI]] in December 2005 (see http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=41170]]).
==References==
*Ken Silverstein. "Oil Boom Enriches African Ruler: While the people of Equatorial Guinea live on a dollar a day, sources say their leader controls more than $300 million in a Washington bank." ''The [[Los Angeles Times]]'' ([[January 20]], [[2003]]).-->
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