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Most semen is white in color, but grey or even yellowish semen can be normal as well. Blood in the semen can cause a pink or reddish color and should be checked out by a doctor.
After ejaculation, semen first goes through a clotting process and then becomes more liquid. It is theorized that the initial clotting helps keep the semen in the vaginal canal, but liquefaction frees the sperm to make their longer journey to the ova. Immediately after ejaculation semen is typically a sticky, jelly-like liquid often forming globules. Within 5 to 40 minutes it will become more watery and liquid before finally drying.
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It is also hypothesized that components of semen, such as the [[spermatozoa]] as well as the seminal [[blood plasma|plasma]], can cause [[immunosuppression]] in the body when introduced to the [[bloodstream]] or [[lymph]]. Evidence for this dates back to [[1898]], when [[Elie Metchnikoff]] injected a [[guinea pig]] with its own and foreign guinea pig sperm, finding that an [[antibody]] was produced in response; however the antibody was inactive, pointing to a suppression response by the [[immune system]].
Further research, such as that by S. Mathur and J.M. Goust, demonstrated that non-preexisting antibodies were produced in humans in response to the sperm. These antibodies mistakenly recognized native [[T lymphocytes]] as ''foreign'' [[antigens]], and consequently the T lymphocytes would fall under attack by the body's [[B lymphocytes]].
Other semen components shown to spur an immunosuppressive effect are seminal plasma and seminal lymphocytes.
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