Asal usul manusia modern dari Afrika: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Berkas:World map of prehistoric human migrations.jpg|jmpl|ka|350px|Salah satu model migrasi manusia berdasarkan [[DNA]] mitokondria]]

 

 

Penterjemahan [[genetika]] dan bukti [[fossil]] menunjuk bahwa perkembangan ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' purba menjadi [[manusia]] hanya terjadi di[[Afrika]], antara 200 000 dan 150 000 lalu,<ref name="HetheringtonReid2010">{{cite book|author1=Renée Hetherington|author2=Robert G. B. Reid|title=The Climate Connection: Climate Change and Modern Human Evolution|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=AAja8FTPF6QC&pg=PA64|accessdate=14 June 2011|year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521147231|page=64}}</ref> bahwa anggota dari satu cabang dari ''Homo sapiens'' meninggalkan Afrika antara 125 000 dan 60 000 tahun lalu, dan bahwa dalam perjalanan waktu ''Homo sapiens'' tersebut menggantikan populasi manusia yang lebih dini seperti manusia [[Neanderthal]] dan ''[[Homo erectus]]''.<ref name="Meredith2011">{{cite book|author=Martin Meredith|title=Born in Africa: The Quest for the Origins of Human Life|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=WrR9OShae2wC&pg=PT148|accessdate=14 June 2011|date=10 May 2011|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=9781586486631|page=148}}</ref> The date of the earliest successful "out of Africa" migration (earliest migrants with living descendents) has generally been placed at 60,000 years ago as suggested by genetics, although attempts at migration out of the continent may have taken place as early as 125,000 years ago according to Arabian archaeology finds of tools in the region.<ref name="Armitage, S., Jasim, S., Marks, A., Parker, A., Usik, V., & Uerpmann, H. (2011). The Southern Route "Out of Africa": Evidence for an Early Expansion of Modern Humans into Arabia ''Science''">, 331 (6016), 453-456 DOI: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1199113 10.1126/science.1199113]</ref>