Perang dagang Amerika Serikat–Tiongkok: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Pada 2 April, [[Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Kementerian Perdagangan Tiongkok]] mengenakan tarif terhadap 128 produk AS termasuk potongan aluminium, pesawat terbang, mobil, produk daging babi, dan kedelai (yang memiliki tarif 25%), serta buah-buahan, kacang-kacangan, dan pipa baja (15%).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Keesokan harinya, USTR menerbitkan daftar lebih dari 1.300 kategori barang-barang impor Tiongkok senilai $50 miliar yang rencananya akan dikenakan tarif, termasuk suku cadang pesawat, baterai, televisi layar datar, peralatan medis, satelit, dan senjata.<ref>Office of the United States Trade Representative, April 2018, [https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/2018/april/under-section-301-action-ustr Under Section 301 Action, USTR Releases Proposed Tariff List on Chinese Products]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/us-publishes-list-of-1300-chinese-goods-to-be-targeted-by-tariffs|title=US publishes list of 1,300 Chinese goods worth US$50b set to be targeted by tariffs|last=hermesauto|date=4 April 2018|work=The Straits Times|access-date=4 April 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/03/us/politics/white-house-chinese-imports-tariffs.html|title=White House Unveils Tariffs on 1,300 Chinese Products|last=Swanson|first=Ana|date=3 April 2018|work=The New York Times|access-date=4 April 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Sebagai pembalasan atas pengumuman itu, Tiongkok memberlakukan tambahan tarif 25% untuk pesawat, mobil, dan [[kedelai]], yang merupakan ekspor pertanian utama AS ke Tiongkok.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-04/as-china-fires-back-in-trade-war-here-are-the-winners-and-losers|title=As China Fires Back in Trade War, Here Are the Winners And Losers|date=4 April 2018|work=Bloomberg.com|access-date=4 April 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/china-fires-back-at-trump-with-tariffs-on-106-us-products-including-soybeans-cars/2018/04/04/338134f4-37d8-11e8-b57c-9445cc4dfa5e_story.html|title=China fires back at Trump with the threat of tariffs on 106 U.S. products, including soybeans|last=Rauhala|first=Emily|date=4 April 2018|work=Washington Post|access-date=4 April 2018|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Pada 5 April, Trump menginstruksikan USTR untuk mempertimbangkan tambahan tarif sebesar $100 miliar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/trump-asks-us-trade-representative-to-consider-100-billion-in-additional-tariffs-on-chinese-products.html|title=Trump proposes $100 billion in additional tariffs on Chinese products|last=Aiello|first=Chloe|date=5 April 2018|work=CNBC|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-05/trump-orders-consideration-of-100-billion-in-new-china-tariffs|title=Trump Escalates Trade Tensions With Call for New China Tariffs|date=5 April 2018|work=Bloomberg.com|access-date=6 April 2018|language=en}}</ref>

Presiden Trump membantah bahwa perselisihan tersebut adalah sebuah [[perang dagang]], yang [[Donald Trump di media sosial|dinyatakan di Twitter]] pada April 2018, "kita telah lama kalah dalam perang itu karena ulah orang-orang bodoh, atau tidak kompeten, yang mewakili kepentingan AS ", dan menambahkan bahwa "sekarang kita mengalami [[defisit perdagangan]] $500 miliar per tahun, ditambah pencurian kekayaan intelektual sebesar $300 miliar per tahun. Kita tidak bisa membiarkan keadaan ini terus berlanjut!"<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/apr/04/trump-china-trade-war-concerns-import-taxes-stock-market|title=Trump plays down US-China trade war concerns: ‘When you’re $500bn down you can’t lose’|last=Smith|first=David|date=4 April 2018|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=28 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/04/commerce-secretary-wilbur-ross-china-tariffs-amount-to-0-point-3-percent-of-us-gdp.html|title=Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross: China tariffs amount to only 0.3% of US GDP|last=Jr.|first=Berkeley Lovelace|date=4 April 2018|work=CNBC|access-date=28 May 2018}}</ref> Menteri Perdagangan AS [[Wilbur Ross]] menyatakah dalam sebuah wawancara [[CNBC]] bahwa tarif terhadap produk Tiongkok yang direncanakan hanya mencerminkan 0,3% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] AS, sementara [[Juru Bicara Gedung Putih]] [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]] menyatakan bahwa langkah tersebut akan memiliki "rasa sakit jangka pendek" namun membawa "kesuksesan jangka panjang".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/04/china-tariffs-us-imports-trump-500163|title=White House sees 'short-term pain' as Trump stokes China trade war|work=Politico|access-date=28 May 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/04/donald-trump-we-are-not-in-a-trade-war-with-china-we-lost-that-war-many-years-ago.html|title=Trump: 'We are not in a trade war with China, that war was lost many years ago'|last=Sheetz|first=Michael|date=4 April 2018|work=CNBC|access-date=28 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=":2" />