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The transfer of camouflage patterns from battle to exclusively civilian uses is a recent phenomenon. While many hundreds of artists were involved in the development of camouflage during and since WW I the disparate sympathies of the two cultures restrained the use of "militaristic" forms in works other than those of [[war artist]]s. Since the 1960s however artists have seized upon camouflage as a means to twist and subvert it away from its military origins and symbolism. The concept of camouflage - to conceal and distort shapes - is also a popular artistic tool.
Artists using camouflage include: [[Andy Warhol]] (notably his 1986 camouflage series, his last major work), [[Alain Jacquet]] (extraordinarily prolific in camouflage works from 1961 into the 1970s), [[Alighiero Boetti]] (''Mimetico'' pieces, 1966-67), [[David Bower]] (''Shelf Environment'' series, 1980s), [[Tom Czarnopys]] (bark-covered figurative sculpture, c1985), [[Lutz]] (a number of projects, the film ''True Stories'', ''Red, Hot and Blue'', etc. 1986-), [[Marilyn Lysohir]] (''The Dark Side of Dazzle'', 1986), [[Lau]] (''gardenergala'', 1999-2001), [[Ian Hamilton Finlay]], [[Vera von Lehndorff]] (aka Veruschka) and [[Holger Trülzsch]] (Nature, Signs & Animals, Mimicry-Dress-Art, all 1970-73), [[Kate Ericson]] and [[Mel Ziegler]] (''Camouflaged History'', 1991), [[Jennifer Lapham]] (numerous works, including ''Mimetic series'', 1999), [[Michel Aubry]] (camouflage fabric patterns, 2000), [[Désirée Palmen]] (''Streetwise'' series, 2002), [[Monica Duncan]] and [[Lara Odell]] (''Winter Camouflage Catalog'', 2002), [[Laurent La Gamba]] (''Pro-Cryptic Installations'', 2002), [[William Anastasi]] (''Blind'', 2003), [[McGurr]] (''Futura'', 2000), [[Harvey Opgenorth]] (''Museum Camouflage'' series, 1998-), [[Herbert J. Reith III]] (paintings, 2000-), [[Jane Gilmor]] (''Blind'', c2000), [[Carrie Paterson]] and [[Arshia Mahmoodi]] (''(Garden) To Delay the Progression of a Wartime Ecology'', 2004), [[Evan Salmon]] (''Dazzle Ship'', 2005) and [[Thomas Hirschhorn]] (''Utopia
Camouflage garments had a similarly hesitant adoption, although military ''styling'' has a long history of civilian use. Military patterns initially found civilian markets amongst hunters and, through military surplus, in those seeking clothing that was tough, well-made, and cheap in the United States and other countries. The steady output from countries using a [[National Service]] model was influential and several countries (initially the 'winning' sides of WW II, where there was less negative connection with military-wear) became significant markets. In the United States in the 1960s military clothing became increasingly common (mostly olive drab rather than camouflage), interestingly it was often found worn by anti-war protestors, initially groups such as [[Vietnam Veterans Against the War]] but then increasingly widely as a symbol of political protest. It is a felony in the United States to wear "any distinctive part" of a US military uniform{{fact}}. In the years after the [[Vietnam War]], camouflage military clothing became very popular among many people, replacing olive-drab military clothing.
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