Buku ibadat harian: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 26:
== Hiasan ==
[[Berkas:Simon Bening - Mai.jpg|jmpl|ka|Gambar kegiatan bulan Mei dalam penanggalan, miniatur berukuran satu halaman penuh karya [[Simon Bening]], awal abad ke-16]]
Karena banyak yang dihiasi iluminasi, buku-buku ini menjadi rekaman gambaran peri kehidupan masyarakat abad ke-15 dan ke-16 maupun khazanah [[ikonografi]] Kristen Abad Pertengahan. Sejumlah buku ibadat harian juga diperindah dengan sampul bertatah ratna mutu manikam, lukisan-lukisan potret, dan gambar-gambar [[heraldik|lambang kebesaran]]. Beberapa di antaranya dijilid menjadi [[buku sabuk]] (buku bersampul kulit memanjang dan berujung simpul besar yang dapat disangkutkan pada sabuk atau ikat pinggang) agar mudah dibawa ke mana-mana, meskipun hanya segelintir saja jilidan semacam ini maupun jilidan-jilidan khas Abad Pertengahan lainnya yang masih bertahan utuh sampai sekarang. Buku-buku mewah, semisal ''Buku Ibadat Harian Talbot'' milik [[John Talbot, Earl Shrewsbury pertama]], dapat saja memuat potret diri pemiliknya. Buku Ibadat Harian Talbot memuat potret istri John Talbot, yang digambarkan sedang bertelut menghormati Bunda Maria dan Kanak-Kanak Yesus dalam lukisan [[potret donor]]. Dalam buku-buku mahal, iluminasi-iluminasi berangkai menampilkan ''[[Riwayat Sang Perawan]]'' atau [[kisah sengsara|Kisah Sengsara Kristus]] dalam delapan gambar adegan yang menghiasi delapan ''ofisi singkat Santa Perawan Maria'', sementara gambar [[Kegiatan Bulanan]] dan lambang-lambang rasi bintang ditampilkan dalam penanggalan. Gambar-gambar adegan yang menghiasi penanggalan meliputi gambar-gambar yang paling terkenal dari buku-buku ibadat harian, dan berperan penting dalam permulaan sejarah [[lukisan lanskap|seni lukis pemandangan alam]].<!--
 
FromSemenjak theabad 14thke-14, centurygambar-gambar decoratedbingkai bordershias rounddi thesekeliling edgespinggiran ofhalaman, atsekurang-kurangnya pada halaman-halaman penting, leastlazim importantdijumpai pagesdalam werebuku-buku commonyang indiperindah heavilydengan illuminatedhiasan booksberlimpah, includingtermasuk booksbuku-buku ofibadat hoursharian.<!-- At the beginning of the 15th century these were still usually based on foliage designs, and painted on a plain background, but by the second half of the century coloured or patterned backgrounds with images of all sorts of objects, were used in luxury books.
 
Second-hand books of hours were often modified for new owners, even among royalty. After defeating [[Richard III of England|Richard III]], [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] gave Richard's book of hours to his mother, who modified it to include her name. Heraldry was usually erased or over-painted by new owners. Many have handwritten annotations, personal additions and marginal notes but some new owners also commissioned new craftsmen to include more illustrations or texts. Sir Thomas Lewkenor of [[Trotton]] hired an illustrator to add details to what is now known as the ''Lewkenor Hours''. Flyleaves of some surviving books include notes of household accounting or records of births and deaths, in the manner of later family bibles. Some owners had also collected autographs of notable visitors to their house. Books of hours were often the only book in a house, and were commonly used to teach children to read, sometimes having a page with the [[alphabet]] to assist this.