Konsensus ilmiah tentang perubahan iklim: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{About| konsensus ilmiah mengenai perubahan iklim dan derajat, penyebab dan konsekuensinya | persepsi dan kontroversi publik terkait|Opini publik tentang perubahan iklim|dan|kontroversi pemanasan global}}
 
[[FileBerkas:Scientific consensus - Earth's climate is warming (Temperature Anomaly ℃).png|thumbjmpl|upright=2|Dari [https://climate.nasa.gov situs NASA Global Climate Change]]]
 
'''Konsensus ilmiah tentang perubahan iklim''' adalah konsensus para ilmuwan iklim mengenai sejauh mana [[pemanasan global]] terjadi, kemungkinan penyebabnya, dan kemungkinan konsekuensinya. Saat ini, ada [[konsensus ilmiah]] yang kuat bahwa bumi sedang memanas dan bahwa pemanasan ini terutama disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Konsensus ini didukung oleh berbagai studi tentang [[Opini#Opini ilmiah|opini ilmuwan]] dan oleh pernyataan posisi organisasi ilmiah, yang banyak di antaranya secara eksplisit setuju dengan laporan sintesis [[Panel Antarpemerintah tentang Perubahan Iklim]] (IPCC).
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SPM.4.1 Long‐term mitigation pathways, in: [http://report.mitigation2014.org/spm/ipcc_wg3_ar5_summary-for-policymakers_approved.pdf Summary for Policymakers], p.15 (archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20140702014732/http://report.mitigation2014.org/spm/ipcc_wg3_ar5_summary-for-policymakers_approved.pdf 2 July 2014)], in {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3|2014}}
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[[FileBerkas:Annual greenhouse gas index (1980-2017).png|thumbjmpl|leftkiri|upright=2.5|Pengaruh pemanasan gas rumah kaca di atmosfer telah meningkat secara substansial selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Pada 2017, ''annual greenhouse gas index'' (AGGI) adalah 1,42, yang merupakan peningkatan lebih dari 40% sejak 1990.]]
[[Akademi sains|Akademi-akademi sains]] nasional dan internasional dan [[Persatuan terpelajar|persatuan-persatuan ilmiah]] telah menilai [[opini ilmiah]] terkini tentang pemanasan global. Penilaian ini umumnya konsisten dengan kesimpulan [[Panel Antarpemerintah tentang Perubahan Iklim]].
 
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<ref name="foxnews">{{cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,249659,00.html |title=U.N. Report: Global Warming Man-Made, Basically Unstoppable |publisher=Fox News |accessdate=2012-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630012604/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,249659,00.html |archive-date=2012-06-30 |dead-url=yes |df= }}</ref>
 
<ref name="FASTS Statement on Climate Change">{{citation |url=http://www.fasts.org/images/policy-discussion/statement-climate-change.pdf |title=FASTS Statement on Climate Change |year=2008}} "Global climate change is real and measurable. Since the start of the 20th century, the global mean surface temperature of the Earth has increased by more than 0.7&nbsp;°C and the rate of warming has been largest in the last 30 years. Key vulnerabilities arising from climate change include water resources, food supply, health, coastal settlements, biodiversity and some key [[ecosystems]] such as coral reefs and alpine regions. As the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases, impacts become more severe and widespread. To reduce the global net economic, environmental and social losses in the face of these impacts, the policy objective must remain squarely focused on returning greenhouse gas concentrations to near pre-industrial levels through the reduction of emissions. The spatial and temporal fingerprint of warming can be traced to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, which are a direct result of burning fossil fuels, broad-scale deforestation and other human activity."</ref>
 
<ref name="geolsoc">{{cite web |url=http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/views/policy_statements/page7426.html |title=Geological Society - Climate change: evidence from the geological record |publisher=Geolsoc.org.uk |accessdate=2012-07-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110234112/http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/views/policy_statements/page7426.html |archivedate=2010-11-10 |df= }}</ref>
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<ref name="iugg">{{cite web|url=http://www.iugg.org/resolutions/perugia07.pdf|title=IUGG Resolution 6|publisher=}}</ref>
 
<ref name="IPENZ Informatory Note, ''Climate Change and the greenhouse effect''">{{citation |url=http://www.ipenz.org.nz/ipenz/forms/pdfs/Info_Note_6.pdf |title=IPENZ Informatory Note, ''Climate Change and the greenhouse effect'' |date=October 2001}} "Human activities have increased the concentration of these atmospheric greenhouse gases, and although the changes are relatively small, the equilibrium maintained by the atmosphere is delicate, and so the effect of these changes is significant. The world's most important greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide, a by-product of the burning of fossil fuels. Since the time of the Industrial Revolution about 200 years ago, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased from about 280 parts per million to 370 parts per million, an increase of around 30%. On the basis of available data, climate scientists are now projecting an average global temperature rise over this century of 2.0 to 4.5&nbsp;°C. This compared with 0.6&nbsp;°C over the previous century – about a 500% increase... This could lead to changing, and for all emissions scenarios more unpredictable, weather patterns around the world, less frost days, more extreme events (droughts and storm or flood disasters), and warmer sea temperatures and melting glaciers causing sea levels to rise. ... Professional engineers commonly deal with risk, and frequently have to make judgments based on incomplete data. The available evidence suggests very strongly that human activities have already begun to make significant changes to the earth's climate, and that the long-term risk of delaying action is greater than the cost of avoiding/minimising the risk."</ref>
 
<ref name="Letter to US Senators">{{citation |url=http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2009/media/1021climate_letter.pdf |title=Letter to US Senators |date=October 2009}}</ref>
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{{Pemanasan global}}
 
[[CategoryKategori:Skeptisisme dan penyangkalan perubahan iklim]]
[[CategoryKategori:Atribusi dan penilaian perubahan iklim]]
[[CategoryKategori:Perubahan iklim]]
[[CategoryKategori:Konsensus]]