Orang Māori: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{ethnic group|
|group=Māori
|image=[[Image:Te_Puni_Maori_Chief.jpg|200px
|poptime= ~680
|popplace=[[Selandia Baru]]<br> 586
[[Australia]]<br> 72
[[
[[Amerika Serikat]]<br> ~3
[[Kanada]]<br> 1,305 (2001)<br>
Tempat lain<br> ~8
|rels=
|langs=[[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]], [[Bahasa Maori|Maori]]
|related=bangsa [[Polinesia]] lain
}}
'''Māori''' adalah nama [[penduduk asli]] Selandia Baru, dan [[Bahasa Maori|bahasanya]].
Kata ''māori'' artinya adalah "normal" atau "biasa" dalam [[bahasa Māori]] dan merujuk pada makhluk-makhluk hidup yang berbeda dari Dewa-Dewi. Kata "Māori" memiliki banyak kerabat dalam bahasa Austronesia lainnya seperti [[bahasa Hawaii]]. Kata ''maoli'' dalam bahasa Hawaii artinya adalah asli, pribumi, benar atau nyata. Nama ini juga merupakan nama bangsa dan bahasa [[Kepulauan Cook]], yang disebut sebagai ''Māori Kepulauan Cook''. Kata ini juga memiliki kerabat dalam bahasa Jawa: ''(ma)urip'' yang berarti "hidup". Kata ''hidup'' sendiri dalam [[bahasa Melayu]] juga merupakan kerabat kata ini.
<!--==Māori origins==
New Zealand was one of the last areas of the planet to be reached by humans. Polynesian voyagers are believed to have migrated to what is now New Zealand from eastern [[Polynesia]] in the latter part of the [[1st millennium]]. Māori origins therefore cannot be separated from those of their Polynesian ancestors (''for more information see '' [[Polynesian culture]]). Archaeological and linguistic evidence (see Sutton 1994 cited in References section below) suggests there were probably several waves of migration from Eastern Polynesia to New Zealand between [[800]] and [[1300]]. Māori oral history describes their arrival from [[Hawaiki]] (a mythical homeland in tropical Polynesia) by large [[ocean]]–going [[canoe]]s (''waka''). During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the idea arose that Māori had voyaged to New Zealand in the so-called 'Great Fleet of 1350AD' which claims that seven canoes arrived simultaneously. More recent research has revealed that this concept originated with European researchers including Percy Smith who attempted to cobble together various unrelated Māori legends. The spurious fleet scenario was then accepted by some Māori including [[Te Rangi Hiroa]] (Sir Peter Buck), and won general acceptance until it was debunked in the 1960s by the research of David Simmons and others. In fact ''nowhere'' in the authentic voyaging traditions is there an account of several canoes all arriving together at one place and time. Migration accounts vary among Māori tribes or [[iwi]], whose members can identify with the different waka in their genealogies or [[whakapapa]].
There is no credible evidence of human settlement in New Zealand prior to the Māori voyagers; on the other hand, compelling evidence from archaeology, linguistics and physical anthropology indicates that the first settlers were East Polynesians who became the Māori.
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Despite significant social and economic advances during the 20th century, Māori still perform negatively in most health and education statistics, labour participation as well as being over-represented in criminal and [[Department of Corrections (New Zealand) | corrections]] statistics.
In [[2001]] a dispute arose between [[Denmark|Danish]] toymaker [[LEGO]] and several Māori tribal groups fronted by lawyer Maui Solomon, and also several members of an online discussion forum [[Aotearoa Cafe]], over the popular [[LEGO]] toy line [[Bionicle]]. The product line used many words that were an appropriation of Māori language, imagery and folklore. The dispute was settled amicably. Initially LEGO refused to withdraw the game, saying the names it used were drawn from many cultures, but later agreed that it had taken the names from Māori and agreed to change certain names or spellings to help set the toy line apart from the Māori legends. This, however, did not prevent the many Bionicle users from continuing to use the disputed words, resulting in the popular Bionicle website [[BZPower]] coming under a [[denial-of-service attack]] for four days by an attacker using the name Kotiate [http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,56451,00.html?tw=wn_story_related].-->
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* [[
* [[
* [[
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* Australian Bureau of Statistics (2004). ''Australians' Ancestries: 2001''. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Catalogue Number 2054.0. [http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/Lookup/3382D783B76B605BCA256E91007AB88E/$File/20540_2001.pdf]
* Biggs, Bruce (1994). Does Maori have a closest relative? In Sutton (Ed.)(1994), pp. 96–-105.
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==Pranala luar==
* {{en}} [http://www.culture.co.nz/ culture.co.nz] — Important Māori websites on the net.
* {{en}} [http://www.maori.org.nz/ maori.org.nz] — The largest Māori site on the net
* {{en}} [http://www.korero.maori.nz/ korero.maori.nz] Interactive Māori language resource site
* {{en}} [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/tino-rangatiratanga Māori Sovereignty Yahoogroup] — Active online discussion group; membership required
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* {{en}} [http://www.teara.govt.nz Te Ara Encylopedia of New Zealand] — Government-funded encyclopedia.
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[[Kategori:Polinesia]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Oseania]]
[[da:Maori]]
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