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A fork of the distribution, [[postmarketOS]], is designed to run on mobile devices.
==History==
Originally, Alpine Linux began as a fork of the [[LEAF Project]].<ref name="osdir-history">{{cite web|url=http://osdir.com/ml/linux.leaf.devel/2005-08/msg00039.html|title=linux.leaf.devel - Re: [leaf-devel] 2.6.x kernel support? - msg#00039 - Recent Discussion OSDir.com|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514053441/https://osdir.com/ml/linux.leaf.devel/2005-08/msg00039.html|archive-date=14 May 2016|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> The members of LEAF wanted to continue making a Linux distribution that could fit on a single floppy disk, whereas the Alpine Linux wished to include some more heavyweight packages such as [[Squid (software)|Squid]] and [[Samba (software)|Samba]], as well as additional security features and a newer kernel. One of the original goals was to create a framework for larger systems; although usable for this purpose, this is no longer a primary goal.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
===Version history===
<!-- Template:Version - for version & release history. Documentation and examples: https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Template:Version -->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left:1em; margin-right:0"
|-
! Version
! Release date<ref>[https://alpinelinux.org/posts/ Alpine Linux News archive]</ref><ref>[https://distrowatch.com/index.php?distribution=alpine Announcements on DistroWatch.com]</ref>
! End-of-life date<ref> [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux:Releases Alpine Linux:Releases]</ref>
! Kernel release
|-
| {{Version |o |2.0}}
| 2010-08-16
| 2012-04-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version|o |2.1}}
| 2010-11-01
| 2012-11-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |2.2}}
| 2011-05-03
| 2013-05-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version|o |2.3}}
| 2011-11-01
| 2013-11-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |2.4}}
| 2012-05-02
| 2014-05-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |2.5}}
| 2012-11-07
| 2014-11-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |2.6}}
| 2013-05-17
| 2015-05-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |2.7}}
| 2013-11-08
| 2015-11-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |3.0}}
| 2014-06-04
| 2016-05-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |3.1}}
| 2014-12-10
| 2016-11-01
| {{N/A}}
|-
| {{Version |o |3.2}}
| 2015-05-26
| 2017-05-01
| 3.18.xx
|-
| {{Version |o |3.3}}
| 2016-01-06
| 2017-11-01
| 4.1.xx
|-
| {{Version |o |3.4}}
| 2016-05-31
| 2018-05-01
| 4.4.xx
|-
| {{Version |o |3.5}}
| 2016-12-22
| 2018-11-01
| 4.4.xx
|-
| {{Version |co |3.6}}
| 2017-05-24
| 2019-05-01
| 4.9.xx
|-
| {{Version |co |3.7}}
| 2017-11-30
| 2019-11-01
| 4.9.xx
|-
| {{Version |co |3.8}}
| 2018-06-26
| 2020-05-01
| 4.14.xx
|-
| {{Version |co |3.9}}
| 2019-01-29
| 2021-01-01
| 4.19.xx
|-
| {{Version |c |3.10}}
| 2019-06-19
| 2021-05-01
| 4.19.xx
|-
| {{Version |cp |edge}}
| rolling
| {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
|-
| colspan="4" | <small>{{Version |l |show=111110}}</small>
|}
==Features==
* Alpine uses its own [[package management]] system, apk-tools,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management|title=Alpine Linux package management|publisher=}}</ref> which originally was a collection of [https://sourceforge.net/projects/apk-tools/ shell scripts] but was later [https://git.alpinelinux.org/cgit/apk-tools/ rewritten] in C. Alpine currently contains most commonly used packages such as [[GNOME]], [[Xfce]], [[Firefox]], and others.
* Alpine Linux can be installed as a [[RAM drive|run-from-RAM]] operating system. The LBU (Alpine Local Backup)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_local_backup|title=Alpine local backup|publisher=}}</ref> tool optionally allows all configuration files to be backed up to an APK overlay file (usually shortened to ''apkovl''), a tar.gz file that by default stores a copy of all changed files in /etc (with the option to add more directories). This allows Alpine to work reliably in demanding embedded environments or to (temporarily) survive partial disk failures as sometimes experienced in public cloud environments.
* A hardened kernel was included in the default distribution for up to and including Alpine 3.7, which aids in reducing the impact of exploits and vulnerabilities. All packages are also compiled with stack-smashing protection to help mitigate the effects of userland [[buffer overflow]]s.
* Alpine Linux by default includes patches that allow using efficient meshed VPNs using the [[DMVPN]] standard.
* Alpine Linux has reliably had excellent support of Xen hypervisors in up-to-date versions, which avoids issues as experienced with Enterprise Distributions. (The standard Linux hypervisor KVM, is also available.)
* The base system in Alpine Linux is designed to be only 4–5 [[Megabyte|MB]] in size (excluding the kernel).{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} This allows very small [[Linux containers]], around 8 MB in size, while a minimal installation to disk might be around 130 MB.<ref name="about" /> The Linux kernel is much larger; the 3.18.16 kernel includes 121 MB of loadable kernel modules (primarily drivers) in addition to the 3.3 MB for the base [[x86-64]] kernel image.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
* Alpine Configuration Framework (ACF): While optional, ACF is an application for configuring an Alpine Linux machine, with goals similar to [[Debian|Debian's]] [[Debconf (software package)|debconf]]. It is a standard framework based on simple Lua scripts.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
* Alpine Linux previously used [[uClibc]] as its [[C standard library]] instead of the traditional [[GNU C Library]] (glibc) most commonly used. Although it is more lightweight, it does have the significant drawback of being [[Binary code compatibility|binary incompatible]] with glibc. Thus, all software must be compiled for use with uClibc to work properly. As of April 9, 2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Release notes|url=https://alpinelinux.org/posts/Alpine-3.0.0-released.html|website=alpinelinux.org|accessdate=6 May 2018}}</ref>, Alpine Linux switched to [[musl]], which is partially binary compatible with glibc.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musl-libc.org/faq.html|title=musl FAQ|publisher=}}</ref>
* The simple and lightweight [[OpenRC]] is the [[init system]] currently used by Alpine Linux.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_Init_System|title=Alpine Linux Init System|publisher=}}</ref> Unlike many distributions, including [[Debian]], [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]], [[RHEL]], [[Arch Linux]] and [[CentOS]], Alpine does not use [[systemd]].
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="infoworld">[https://www.infoworld.com/article/3206644/linux/review-alpine-linux-is-made-for-docker.html Review: Alpine Linux is made for Docker | InfoWorld]</ref>
<ref name="linuxbsdos">[http://linuxbsdos.com/2010/08/23/alpine-linux-2-review/ Alpine Linux 2 review | LinuxBSDos.com]</ref>
<ref name="softpedia">[https://news.softpedia.com/news/security-oriented-alpine-linux-3-7-has-uefi-support-grub-support-in-installer-518820.shtml Security-Oriented Alpine Linux 3.7 Has UEFI Support, GRUB Support in Installer], '''Softpedia News'''</ref>
<ref name="fossbytes">[https://fossbytes.com/secure-linux-distros-privacy-anonymity/ 10 Most Secure Linux Distros For Complete Privacy & Anonymity | 2017 Edition], '''FossBytes'''</ref>
<ref name="networkworld">[https://www.networkworld.com/article/3031762/is-docker-ditching-ubuntu-linux-confusion-reigns.html Is Docker ditching Ubuntu Linux? Confusion reigns | Network World]</ref>
}}
==External links==
* {{Official website|https://alpinelinux.org}}
{{Linux distributions}}
{{Linux}}
{{Linux package management systems}}
[[Category:Light-weight Linux distributions]]
[[Category:X86-64 Linux distributions]]
[[Category:Linux distributions without systemd]]
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