Musim kebakaran hutan Australia 2019–2020: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Musim kebakaran hutan Australia''' '''2019–20''' adalah serangkaian [[Kebakaran liar|kebakaran hutan]] yang saat ini membakar di berbagai penjuru di Australia, terutama di daerah tenggara. Musim kebakaran 2019-20 adalah musim dengan intensitas yang menonjol dibandingkan dengan [[ Daftar musim kebakaran hutan Australia|musim sebelumnya]] karena telah membakar sekitar {{Convert|10.7|e6ha|e6acre km2 sqmi|abbr=off}}, menghancurkan lebih dari 5.900 bangunan (termasuk lebih dari 2.204 rumah) dan menewaskan 28 orang hingga 8 Januari 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/the-numbers-behind-australia-s-catastrophic-bushfire-season|title=The numbers behind Australia's catastropic bushfire season|date=5 January 2020|website=[[SBS News]]|access-date=8 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>[https://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/incidents/woman-dies-from-bushfire-smoke-in-canberra-after-exiting-qantas-plane/news-story/280f1c9bb729c5c4f3377f97936b5cda Woman dies from bushfire smoke in Canberra after exiting plane]{{Cite web|url=https://www.9news.com.au/national/bushfires-near-me-live-updates-thousands-flee-nsw-south-coast-before-saturday-australia/67fb80dd-ac95-4c30-92e2-3f0aca5c45b1|title=Australian bushfires: Twenty-eight missing in Victorian bushfire zones|website=www.9news.com.au|access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/australian-troops-prepare-for-bushfire-emergency-evacuations-by-sea/live-coverage/cf3d149ec9bbb9b7eb808e663eec8a28|title=Bushfires live updates: Troops prepare for emergency evacuations by sea|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=[[News.com.au]]|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref name="GUARDIAN">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2020/jan/01/australia-bushfires-new-south-wales-victoria-fires-news-latest-live-updates|title=NSW and Victoria fires live: three more deaths confirmed in Australia bushfires and hundreds of homes destroyed – latest updates|date=31 December 2019|website=The Guardian|access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/more-than-720-homes-lost-in-nsw-fires-as-sydney-told-to-brace-for-huge-losses-20191211-p53iv5.html|title=More than 720 homes lost in NSW fires as Sydney told to brace for huge losses|date=10 Desember 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211202142/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/more-than-720-homes-lost-in-nsw-fires-as-sydney-told-to-brace-for-huge-losses-20191211-p53iv5.html|archive-date=11 Desember 2019|access-date=12 Desember 2019}}</ref><ref name="Dec21ADL">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/dec/21/australian-bushfires-death-toll-rises-as-temperatures-soar-in-severe-heatwave|title=Bushfire death toll rises as fires sweep across South Australia and NSW|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221060338/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/dec/21/australian-bushfires-death-toll-rises-as-temperatures-soar-in-severe-heatwave|archive-date=21 December 2019|access-date=21 December 2019}}</ref><ref name="7news">{{Cite web|url=https://7news.com.au/news/bushfires/australian-bushfires-burn-more-land-than-amazon-and-california-fires-combined-c-632478|title=Australian bushfires burn more land than Amazon and California fires combined|website=[[Seven News]]|access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref> Kebakaran hutan ini dianggap oleh [[ Dinas Pemadam Kebakaran Pedesaan New South Wales|NSW Rural Fire Service]] sebagai musim kebakaran terburuk dalam ingatan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/worst-bushfire-conditions-ever-seen-unprecedented-danger-is-a-firefighters-nightmare/news-story/04ebdcf6ae95c04923cd91dd2486aeed|title=Worst bushfire conditions ever seen: Unprecedented danger is 'a firefighter's nightmare'|date=12 November 2019|website=News.com.au|language=en|access-date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Pada Desember 2019, Pemerintah [[Pemerintah New South Wales|New South Wales]] mendeklarasikan [[keadaan darurat]] setelah suhu yang memecahkan rekor dan [[ Kekeringan di Australia|kekeringan]] yang berkepanjangan memperburuk kebakaran hutan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/12/australia-declares-state-emergency-heatwave-fans-bushfires-191219004935370.html|title=Australia declares state of emergency as heatwave fans bushfires|website=www.aljazeera.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219014150/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/12/australia-declares-state-emergency-heatwave-fans-bushfires-191219004935370.html|archive-date=19 DecemberDesember 2019|access-date=19 DecemberDesember 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-50837025|title=Australia all-time temperature record broken again|date=19 December 2019|access-date=19 DecemberDesember 2019|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218232452/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-50837025|archive-date=18 DecemberDesember 2019}}</ref> Diperkirakan hampir setengah miliar hewan di New South Wales terkena dampak kebakaran yang sedang berlangsung.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Harvey|first=Josephine|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|title=Nearly Half A Billion Animals Feared Dead In Australian Wildfires|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/australian-wildfires-480-million-animals-dead_n_5e0d58e5e4b0b2520d1cb47f|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|location=|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=|title=Australia fires: How do we know how many animals have died?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/50986293|work=BBC|access-date=4 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Perkiraan lain, yang mencakup binatang seperti kelelawar, amfibi, dan invertebrata, menyebutkan jumlahnya dapat mencapai lebih dari satu miliar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/billion-animals-australia-fires_n_5e13be43e4b0843d361778a6|title=Number Of Animals Feared Dead In Australia’s Wildfires Soars To Over 1 Billion|last=Harvey|first=Josephine|date=January6 6,Januari 2020|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=January 7, Januari 2020|location=|ref=HuffPo billion animals killed}}</ref> Para ahli ekologi khawatir beberapa [[Spesies terancam|spesies yang terancam punah]] akan didorong [[kepunahan]] oleh kebakaran ini.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Readfearn|first=Graham|date=January3 3,Januari 2020|title='Silent death': Australia's bushfires push countless species to extinction|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/04/ecologists-warn-silent-death-australia-bushfires-endangered-species-extinction|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=|access-date=January8 8,Januari 2020}}</ref>

Sejak September 2019, kebakaran hebat mempengaruhi berbagai [[ Wilayah New South Wales|wilayah di negara bagian New South Wales]], seperti [[ Pantai Utara New South Wales|Pantai]] [[ Mid North Coast|Utara]], [[ Mid North Coast|Pantai Utara Tengah]], [[ Wilayah Hunter|Wilayah Hunter]], [[Kota Hawkesbury|Hawkesbury,]] dan [[Wollondilly Shire|Wollondilly]] di ujung barat laut [[Sydney]], [[Pegunungan Biru Australia|Blue Mountains]], [[ Illawarra|Illawarra]], dan [[ Pantai Selatan (New South Wales)|Pantai Selatan]], dengan lebih dari 100 kebakaran terjadi di seluruh negara bagian. Di Victoria [[ Gippsland Timur|timur]] dan [[ Gippsland Timur|timur]] [[ Victoria Timur Laut|laut]] sejumlah wilayah hutan yang besar terbakar tak terkendali selama empat minggu sebelum kebakaran muncul dari hutan tersebut pada akhir Desember, merenggut nyawa, mengancam banyak kota dan mengisolasi [[ Corryong|Corryong]] dan [[ Mallacoota|Mallacoota]]. [[Daerah bencana|Keadaan bencana]] dideklarasikan untuk [[ Gippsland Timur|East Gippsland]].<ref name="The Guardian">{{Cite news|last=Daniel|first=Andrews|title=Premier|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/jan/03/victoria-fires-state-of-disaster-declared-as-evacuation-ordered-and-second-man-found-dead|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020|agency=Victorian Premiers Department|work=Guardian Australia|date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Kebakaran signifikan terjadi di [[ Adelaide Hills|Bukit Adelaide]] dan [[ Pulau Kanguru|Pulau Kanguru]] di [[Australia Selatan]]. Daerah cukup terpengaruh adalah [[Queensland Tenggara]] dan wilayah barat daya [[Australia Barat]], dengan beberapa daerah di [[Tasmania]] dan [[Wilayah Ibu Kota Australia|ACT]] yang agak terpengaruh.

Bala bantuan dari seluruh Australia dipanggil untuk membantu memadamkan api dan mengurangi kru lokal yang kelelahan di New South Wales. Pada tanggal 11 November dilaporkan bahwa [[ Otoritas Pemadam Kebakaran Negara|Otoritas Pemadam Kebakaran Negara Victoria]] (CFA) mengirim kontingen besar hingga 300 petugas pemadam kebakaran dan staf pendukung untuk membantu upaya pemadaman.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://news.cfa.vic.gov.au/-/cfa-send-over-300-personnel-to-nsw-bushfires|title=CFA sends over 300 personnel to NSW bushfires|date=11 November 2019|website=CFA News and Media|language=en-AU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117153921/https://news.cfa.vic.gov.au/-/cfa-send-over-300-personnel-to-nsw-bushfires|archive-date=17 November 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> Hingga pertengahan November 2019, lebih dari 100 petugas pemadam kebakaran dikirim dari Australia Barat.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediastatements.wa.gov.au/Pages/McGowan/2019/11/WA-firefighters-providing-much-needed-relief-for-NSW-and-QLD.aspx|title=Media statement – WA firefighters providing much-needed relief for NSW and QLD|website=www.mediastatements.wa.gov.au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117153929/https://www.mediastatements.wa.gov.au/Pages/McGowan/2019/11/WA-firefighters-providing-much-needed-relief-for-NSW-and-QLD.aspx|archive-date=17 November 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> Kontingen juga dikirim dari Australia Selatan dan Wilayah Ibu Kota Australia.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Pada 12 November [[Pemerintah Australia]] mengumumkan bahwa [[ Angkatan Pertahanan Australia|Angkatan Pertahanan Australia]] akan memberikan dukungan udara untuk upaya pemadaman kebakaran, serta mempersiapkan diri untuk menyediakan tenaga kerja dan dukungan logistik.<ref name="OBA">{{Cite web|url=https://news.defence.gov.au/national/defence-boosts-bushfire-support|title=Defence boosts bushfire support|last=|first=|date=4 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=news.defence.gov.au|publisher=Department of Defence|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=4 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adbr.com.au/adf-mobilises-for-operation-bushfire-assist/|title=Feature: ADF MOBILISES FOR OPERATION BUSHFIRE ASSIST}}</ref> Petugas pemadam kebakaran dari [[Selandia Baru]], [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Kanada]] membantu memerangi kebakaran, terutama di New South Wales.

Pada tanggal 12 November 2019, bahaya kebakaran katastropik diumumkan di wilayah [[Greater Western Sydney|Greater Sydney]] untuk pertama kalinya sejak diperkenalkannya level ini pada tahun 2009 dan larangan penyalaan api total diberlakukan untuk tujuh wilayah, termasuk Greater Sydney.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-20/nsw-bushfire-catastrophic-fire-danger-forecast-for-saturday/11818896|title=Homes may be lost, RFS warns ahead of heat surge|last=Elsworthy|first=Emma|date=20 DecemberDesember 2019|website=ABC News|language=en-AU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228052625/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-20/nsw-bushfire-catastrophic-fire-danger-forecast-for-saturday/11818896|archive-date=28 December 2019|access-date=31 DecemberDesember 2019}}</ref> Wilayah Illawarra dan Greater Hunter juga mengalami bahaya kebakaran yang besar, dan begitu pula bagian-bagian lain negara bagian itu, termasuk bagian-bagian yang sudah terbakar di New South Wales bagian utara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.illawarramercury.com.au/story/6483618/catastrophic-fire-danger-forecast-for-nsw/|title=Catastrophic fire danger forecast for NSW|last=McNab|first=Jodie Stephens and Heather|date=10 November 2019|website=Illawarra Mercury|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117153933/https://www.illawarramercury.com.au/story/6483618/catastrophic-fire-danger-forecast-for-nsw/|archive-date=17 November 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> [[ Daftar kontroversi politik di Australia|Konsekuensi politik]] musim kebakaran sangat signifikan. Sebuah keputusan oleh Pemerintah [[Pemerintah New South Wales|New South Wales]] untuk memotong dana pada layanan penanganan api berdasarkan perkiraan anggaran, serta liburan yang diambil oleh Perdana Menteri Australia [[Scott Morrison]] saat dua petugas pemadam kebakaran relawan meninggal dan sikap apatis yang dirasakannya terhadap situasi tersebut mengakibatkan kontroversi.

Sejak awal musim, kebakaran hutan yang sedang berlangsung telah menghancurkan 1.298 rumah, serta 48 fasilitas dan lebih dari 2.000 bangunan tambahan di New South Wales saja.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/ng-interactive/2019/dec/07/how-big-are-the-fires-burning-on-the-east-coast-of-australia-interactive-map|title=How big are the fires burning on the east coast of Australia? Interactive map|last=Evershed|first=Nick|work=The Guardian|access-date=7 December 2019|last2=Ball|first2=Andy|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207134016/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/ng-interactive/2019/dec/07/how-big-are-the-fires-burning-on-the-east-coast-of-australia-interactive-map|archive-date=7 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/man-charged-after-allegedly-starting-fire-with-fireworks-20191115-p53au0.html|title=Man charged after allegedly starting fire with fireworks|last=Keoghan|first=Sarah|date=14 November 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115002210/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/man-charged-after-allegedly-starting-fire-with-fireworks-20191115-p53au0.html|archive-date=15 November 2019|access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-15/nsw-bushfires-destroy-more-than-250-homes-in-a-week/11707004|title=Bushfires have destroyed more than 250 homes in NSW this week, the RFS says|last=Mayers|first=Lily|date=15 November 2019|website=ABC News|language=en-AU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115062035/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-15/nsw-bushfires-destroy-more-than-250-homes-in-a-week/11707004|archive-date=15 November 2019|access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|script-title=|language=en|retweet=|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=|archivedate=}}</ref> Dua puluh orang dipastikan telah terbunuh di New South Wales sejak Oktober. Kematian terakhir dilaporkan pada 5 Januari 2020 setelah kematian seorang pria di [[ Batlow, New South Wales|Batlow]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/nsw-fires-live-updates-southern-highlands-hit-as-rfs-warns-of-property-loss-and-damage-to-south-coast-20200105-p53ovx.html|title=NSW fires LIVE updates: RFS warns of property loss and damage to South Coast as Southern Highlands hit|date=5 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|language=en-AU|access-date=5 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/nsw-fires-live-updates-state-of-emergency-declared-as-south-coast-evacuations-continue-20200103-p53ogt.html|title=NSW fires LIVE updates: RFS continues to fight blazes, South Coast evacuations continue as state of emergency declared ahead of weekend heatwave|date=3 January 2020|website=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|language=en-AU|access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/nsw-fires-live-updates-rfs-continue-to-fight-blazes-across-state-after-horrific-end-to-2019-20191231-p53nxe.html|title=NSW fires LIVE updates: RFS continue to fight blazes along NSW South Coast after horrific end to 2019|date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|language=en-AU|access-date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Ahli ekologi dari [[Universitas Sydney]] memperkirakan 480 juta mamalia, burung, dan reptil telah hilang sejak September dengan kekhawatiran seluruh spesies tanaman dan hewan mungkin telah musnah oleh kebakaran hutan,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ntnews.com.au/technology/half-a-billion-animals-perish-in-bushfires/news-story/b316adb4f3af7b1c8464cf186ab9f52c?fbclid=IwAR0uArQizO3LwQ5_FS-ciA15NpEm5IHlj8z4ZTMVU7KwvfuuoQ6op-dSrgE|title=Half a billion animals perish in bushfires|last=O'Niell|first=Marnie|date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=Northern Territory News|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=4 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>[https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/12/fires-rage-across-australia-fears-grow-rare-species Pickrell J. As fires rage across Australia, fears grow for rare species]. ''Science'' 17 DecemberDesember 2019. {{Doi|10.1126/science.aba6144}}</ref> kemudian berkembang menjadi lebih dari satu miliar.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|last=Harvey|first=Josephine|date=2 JanuaryJanuar 2020|title=Nearly Half A Billion Animals Feared Dead In Australian Wildfires|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/australian-wildfires-480-million-animals-dead_n_5e0d58e5e4b0b2520d1cb47f|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|location=|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

Di New South Wales, kebakaran telah membakar lebih banyak tanah daripada kebakaran lainnya dalam 25 tahun terakhir, selain menjadi musim kebakaran terburuk di negara bagian ini.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/extraordinary-2019-ends-with-deadliest-day-of-the-worst-fire-season-20191231-p53nw0.html|title='Extraordinary' 2019 ends with deadliest day of the worst fire season|date=31 DecemberDesember 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/nsw-bushfires-burn-through-more-land-than-any-other-blazes-in-past-25-years|title=NSW bushfires burn through more land than any other blazes in past 25 years|date=18 November 2019|website=[[SBS News]]|language=en|access-date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-27/firefighter-veteran-on-worst-bushfire-season-in-memory/11825364|title=I've been a firefighter for 20 years. The Blue Mountains bushfires are the worst conditions I've ever faced|date=27 JanuaryJanuari 2019|website=ABC News.net|language=en|access-date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> NSW juga mengalami kompleks kebakaran hutan yang terus menerus terpanjang dalam sejarah Australia, setelah membakar lebih dari 4 juta hektar, dengan nyala api setinggi {{Convert|70|m|ft|0|adj=on}} dilaporkan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mullins, Greg|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/come-with-me-to-the-mega-blaze-scott-morrison-and-see-what-we-re-up-against-20191216-p53kcp.html|title=Opinion: Come with me to the mega-blaze, Scott Morrison, and see what we're up against|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=17 December 2019|access-date=2 January 2020}}</ref> Sebagai perbandingan, [[kebakaran hutan California 2018]] menghabiskan 800.000 hektare dan [[Kebakaran hutan Brasil 2019|kebakaran hutan Amazon 2019]] membakar 900.000 hektare tanah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-50951043|title=Australia fires: A visual guide to the bushfires and extreme heat|date=31 DecemberDesember 2019|website=BBC News|language=en-AU|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

Karena masalah keamanan dan tekanan publik yang signifikan, pertunjukan kembang api [[Malam tahun baru|Malam Tahun Baru]] dibatalkan di New South Wales termasuk di [[Campbelltown]], [[Liverpool, New South Wales|Liverpool]], [[Parramatta, New South Wales|Parramatta]], dan di seluruh [[Northern Beaches, Sydney|Pantai Utara]], serta di ibu kota negara [[Canberra]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/worldtoday/councils-cancel-new-years-eve-fireworks-as-fire-risk-rises/11832462|title=Councils cancel New Years Eve fireworks as fire risk rises|date=30 DecemberDesember 2019|website=ABC Radio|language=en-AU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231052533/https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/worldtoday/councils-cancel-new-years-eve-fireworks-as-fire-risk-rises/11832462|archive-date=31 DecemberDesember 2019|access-date=30 DecemberDesember 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/sydney-s-new-year-s-eve-fireworks-to-go-ahead-some-suburbs-cancelled-20191230-p53noh.html|title=Sydney's New Year's Eve fireworks to go ahead, some suburbs cancelled|last=Chung, Natassia|last2=Chrysanthos, Laura|date=30 DecemberDesember 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230143949/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/sydney-s-new-year-s-eve-fireworks-to-go-ahead-some-suburbs-cancelled-20191230-p53noh.html|archive-date=30 December 2019|access-date=30 DecemberDesember 2019}}</ref> {{As of|2020|1|6}}, {{Convert|4.9|e6ha|e6acre|abbr=off}} tanah telah atau sedang terbakar di New South Wales.{{R|GUARDIAN}}<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/ng-interactive/2019/dec/07/how-big-are-the-fires-burning-on-the-east-coast-of-australia-interactive-map|title=How big are the fires burning on the east coast of Australia? Interactive map|last=Evershed|first=Nick|work=The Guardian|access-date=7 DecemberDesember 2019|last2=Ball|first2=Andy|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207134016/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/ng-interactive/2019/dec/07/how-big-are-the-fires-burning-on-the-east-coast-of-australia-interactive-map|archive-date=7 December 2019}}</ref> Saat suhu mencapai {{Convert|49|C|F}}, Perdana Menteri New South Wales [[ Gladys Berejiklian|Gladys Berejiklian]] menyatakan keadaan darurat tujuh hari yang baru mulai berlaku sejak jam 9 pagi pada 3 Januari 2020.<ref name="ABC-2020-01-02">{{Cite news|last=Nguyen, Kevin|last2=Elsworthy, Emma|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-02/nsw-rural-fire-service-declares-tourist-leave-zone-south-coast/11836730|title=NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian declares state of emergency, as thousands flee South Coast ahead of horror fire weekend|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|location=Australia|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref><ref name="SBS-2020-01-02">{{Cite news|last=|last2=|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/nsw-fires-state-of-emergency-declared-as-pm-urges-calm-amid-mass-exodus|title=NSW fires: State of emergency declared as PM urges calm amid mass exodus|work=[[SBS News]]|location=Australia|date=2 JanuaryJanuar 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|agency=[[Australian Associated Press]]}}</ref><ref name="Guardian-2020-01-02">{{Cite news|last=Davidson, Helen|last2=Henriques-Gomes, Luke|last3=Remeikis, Amy|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2020/jan/02/nsw-fires-live-news-victoria-bushfires-australia-near-south-coast-tourists-latest-updates-|title=NSW state of emergency declared as 17 missing in Victoria bushfires – as it happened|work=[[Guardian Australia]]|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/nsw-bushfires-national-support-for-communities-ravaged-by-fire-as-nsw-death-toll-climbs-to-20/news-story/9b151f9cfc2570fc8ca7e43c820ff4ec|title=NSW death toll climbs to 20, Aussies and world dig deep|date=6 Januari 2020-01-06|website=www.dailytelegraph.com.au|language=en|access-date=6 Januari 2020-01-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-07/nsw-bushfire-threat-dry-windy-weather-to-return-friday/11844556|title=Fire in NSW leaves more than 2,000 homes damaged or destroyed as authorities brace for bad conditions|date=7 Januari 2020-01-07|website=abc.net.au|language=en|access-date=7 Januari 2020-01-07}}</ref><ref name="guardian8mil">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/ng-interactive/2019/dec/07/how-big-are-the-fires-burning-on-the-east-coast-of-australia-interactive-map|title=How big are the fires burning in Australia? Interactive map|date=7 Januari 2020-01-07|website=[[The Guardian]]|language=en|access-date=7 Januari 2020-01-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/the-summer-from-hell-how-the-fire-season-has-unfolded-20200103-p53onh.html|title=The fire season started in September. By November, it was deadly|website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|location=Australia|access-date=8 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

|<ref name="7newslatest7th2">{{cite web|url=https://7news.com.au/news/bushfires/australia-bushfire-latest-state-by-state-breakdown-of-all-areas-affected-by-blazes-c-630858|title=Australia bushfire latest: State-by-state breakdown of all areas affected by blazes|website=[[Seven News]]|location=Australia|access-date=7 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

|<ref name="guardian107m" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/dec/21/australian-bushfires-death-toll-rises-as-temperatures-soar-in-severe-heatwave|title=Bushfire death toll rises as fires sweep across South Australia and NSW|website=[[The Guardian]]|location=Australia|access-date=8 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

|<ref name="auto22">{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-06/bushfires-in-victoria-destroy-at-least-200-homes/11844292|title=Fires in Victoria destroy estimated 300 homes, former police chief to lead Bushfire Recovery Victoria|date=6 JanuaryJanuari 2020|website=ABC|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=6 JanuaryJanuari 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>

|<ref name="guardian107m5">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2020/jan/08/nsw-fires-live-updates-victoria-bushfires-south-australia-fire-sa-australian-bushfire-near-me-rfs-cfa-latest-news-wednesday|title=Australia fires live: third death in Victoria confirmed as NSW bushfires communities assess damage – latest updates|website=[[The Guardian]]|location=Australia|access-date=8 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Total perkiraan wilayah terdampak hingga 8 Januari 2020, angka terkini mungkin lebih besar.

Mantan kepala dinas pemadam kebakaran Australia pada April 2019 memperingatkan bahwa Australia tidak siap menghadapi musim kebakaran yang akan datang. Mereka meminta perdana menteri berikutnya untuk bertemu dengan para mantan pemimpin layanan darurat yang akan menjelaskan bagaimana risiko perubahan iklim meningkat dengan cepat.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/apr/09/former-fire-chiefs-warn-australia-unprepared-for-escalating-climate-threat|title=Former fire chiefs warn Australia unprepared for escalating climate threat|work=[[Guardian Australia]]|last=Cox, Lisa|date=10 April 2019|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-14/former-fire-chief-calls-out-pm-over-refusal-of-meeting/11705330|title=Former fire chiefs 'tried to warn Scott Morrison' to bring in more water-bombers ahead of horror bushfire season|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|location=Australia|date=15 November 2019|last=|access-date=7 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

Pada bulan Agustus 2019, [[ CRC Kebakaran Hutan dan Bencana Alam|CRC Kebakaran Hutan dan Bencana Alam]] yang didanai oleh pemerintah federal menerbitkan laporan keseluruhan musiman yang mengimbau adanya "potensi kebakaran di atas normal" untuk Queensland selatan dan tenggara, wilayah pantai timur New South Wales dan Victoria, untuk sebagian Australia Barat dan Australia Selatan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bnhcrc.com.au/hazardnotes/63|title=Australian Seasonal Bushfire Outlook: August 2019 - HAZARD NOTES|date=28 August 2019|website=Bushfire and Natural Hazards|publisher=Australian Government|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-08-28/bushfire-outlook-not-good-news-but-will-we-heed-the-warnings/11434778|title=Bushfire outlook for 2019-20 not good news, but will we heed the warnings?|last=Doyle, Kate|date=28 AugustAgustus 2019|website=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|location=Australia|access-date=7 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> CRC Kebakaran Hutan dan Bencana Alam memperbarui imbauan mereka tentang "potensi kebakaran di atas normal" pada Desember 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bnhcrc.com.au/hazardnotes/68|title=Australian Seasonal Bushfire Outlook: December 2019 - HAZARD NOTES|date=16 DecemberDesember 2019|website=Bushfire and Natural Hazards|publisher=Australian Government|access-date=7 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref>

Pada pertengahan Desember 2019, analisis [[Pusat Penerbangan Luar Angkasa Goddard|NASA]] mengungkapkan bahwa sejak 1 Agustus, kebakaran hutan New South Wales dan Queensland telah memancarkan {{Convert|250|e6t|e6ST|abbr=off}} [[karbon dioksida]] (CO{{Sub|2}}).<ref name="Guardian2019-12-13a">{{Cite news|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/australias-bushfires-have-emitted-250m-tonnes-of-co2-almost-half-of-countrys-annual-emissions|title=Australia's bushfires have emitted 250m tonnes of CO{{sub|2}}, almost half of country's annual emissions|date=13 DecemberDesember 2019|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Pada 2 Januari 2020, NASA memperkirakan bahwa {{Convert|306|e6t|e6ST|abbr=off}} CO{{Sub|2}} telah dipancarkan.<ref>{{Cite news|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020|title=Bushfires Release Over Half Australia's Annual Carbon Emissions|url=https://time.com/5754990/australia-carbon-emissions-fires/|website=Time}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-12-24/bushfires-release-over-half-australia-s-annual-carbon-emissions|title=Bushfires Release Over Half Australia's Annual Carbon Emissions|website=www.bloomberg.com|access-date=3 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Sebagai perbandingan, pada tahun 2018 total emisi karbon Australia setara dengan {{Convert|535|e6t|e6ST|abbr=off}} CO{{Sub|2}}.<ref name="Guardian2019-12-13a" /> Sementara karbon yang dipancarkan oleh api biasanya diserap kembali oleh pertumbuhan kembali hutan, ini akan membutuhkan waktu puluhan tahun. Ini mungkin tidak terjadi sama sekali jika kekeringan yang berkepanjangan telah merusak kemampuan hutan untuk tumbuh kembali sepenuhnya.<ref name="Guardian2019-12-13a" />

Pada Hari Tahun Baru 2020 di [[Selandia Baru]], selimut asap dari api Australia menutupi seluruh [[Pulau Selatan]], memberi langit kabut oranye-kuning. Orang-orang di [[Dunedin]] melaporkan bau asap di udara.<ref name="Stuff NYD">{{Cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/118546900/blood-red-sun-greets-nz-on-new-years-day-as-australian-bushfire-smoke-stains-skies|title=Blood red sun greets NZ on New Years Day as Australian bushfire smoke stains skies|first=Joel|last=MacManus|work=Stuff|date=1 JanuaryJanuari 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> [[ MetService|MetService]] menyatakan bahwa asap tidak akan berdampak buruk pada cuaca atau suhu di negara tersebut.<ref name="Stuff NYD" /><ref name="RNZ NYD">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/406523/australia-fires-sending-pretty-hefty-smoke-new-zealand-s-way|title=Australia fires sending 'pretty hefty smoke' New Zealand's way|via=Radio New Zealand|work=Otago Daily Times|date=1 January 2020|access-date=2 January 2020}}</ref> Asap bergerak ke [[Pulau Utara]] pada hari berikutnya, tetapi mulai memecah dan tidak sekuat itu ke Pulau Selatan pada hari sebelumnya. Sementara itu, angin dari Samudra Pasifik menghilangkan asap di Pulau Selatan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/118554806/bushfire-smoke-moves-over-north-island-creating-an-eerie-sky|title=Bushfire smoke moves over North Island, creating an eerie sky|first=Michael|last=Daly|work=Stuff|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Asap mempengaruhi gletser di negara itu, memberi warna coklat ke salju.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/118563496/just-one-more-horror-iconic-south-island-glaciers-stained-by-aussie-bushfires|title='Just one more horror': Iconic South Island glaciers stained by Aussie bushfires|first=Jake|last=Kenny|work=Stuff|date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020|access-date=2 JanuaryJanuari 2020}}</ref> Pada 5 Januari lebih banyak asap mengepul di Pulau Utara, mengubah langit di [[Auckland]] berwarna oranye.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Smoke from Australian bushfires turn skies orange above New Zealand|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12298143|access-date=5 JanuaryJanuari 2020|date=5 JanuaryJanuari 2020|work=[[New Zealand Herald]]|language=en-NZ}}</ref>