Mesotelioma: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Mesotelioma''' ([[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]: '''Mesothelioma''') adalah sebuah jenis [[kanker]] yang berkembang biak pada lapisan tipis jaringan tubuh yang menutupi banyak organ dalam (dan dikenal sebagai Mesotelium).<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Malignant Mesothelioma—Patient Version |url=http://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma|website=NCI|accessdate=25 November 2020|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406195227/http://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma|archivedate=6 April 2016|date=January 1980}}</ref> Bagian tubuh yang paling sering terjangkit pada selaput [[paru-paru]] dan dinding [[dada]] (pleura),<ref name=NCI2015Pt>{{cite web|title=Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment–Patient Version (PDQ®)|url=http://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma/patient/mesothelioma-treatment-pdq|website=NCI|accessdate=26 November 2020|date=September 4, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405125547/http://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma/patient/mesothelioma-treatment-pdq|archivedate=5 April 2016}}</ref><ref name=Rob2012/> dan lebih jarang terjadi di [[peritoneum|lapisan perut]] dan [[perikardium|kantung yang mengelilingi jantung]],<ref name=Sar2012>{{cite journal|last1=Sardar|first1=MR|last2=Kuntz|first2=C|last3=Patel|first3=T|last4=Saeed|first4=W|last5=Gnall|first5=E|last6=Imaizumi|first6=S|last7=Lande|first7=L|title=Primary pericardial mesothelioma unique case and literature review.|journal=Texas Heart Institute Journal / From the Texas Heart Institute of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital|date=2012|volume=39|issue=2|pages=261–4|pmid=22740748|pmc=3384041}}</ref> atau pada [[tunica vaginalis| kantung yang mengelilingi testis]] bisa saja terjangkit.<ref name=NCI2015Pt/><ref name=Pan2015>{{cite journal|last1=Panou|first1=V|last2=Vyberg|first2=M|last3=Weinreich|first3=UM|last4=Meristoudis|first4=C|last5=Falkmer|first5=UG|last6=Røe|first6=OD|title=The established and future biomarkers of malignant pleural mesothelioma|journal=Cancer Treatment Reviews|date=June 2015|volume=41|issue=6|pages=486–95|pmid=25979846|doi=10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.05.001}}</ref> Tanda-tanda dan gejala jika terjangkit kanker mesotelioma biasanya ditandai adanya [[sesak napas]] karena [[efusi pleura|cairan di sekitar paru]], kemudian perut membengkak, terasa nyeri di dinding dada, [[batuk]], rasa lelah, dan terjadinya penurunan berat badan.<ref name=NCI2015Pt/> Gejala ini akan muncul secara perlahan.<ref name=Kon2016/>

Saran pencegahan utama supaya terhindar dari kanker ini adalah mengurangi intensitas dengan paparan asbes.<ref name=Whit2006>{{cite book|last1=Whittemore|first1=Alice S.|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780199747979|page=669|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA669}}</ref> Sementara untuk perawatan bagi penderita pada umumnya melalui [[bedah]], [[terapi radiasi]], dan juga [[kemoterapi]].<ref name=NCI2015PtTx":0" /> Cara lain yakni melakukan [[pleurodesis]], menggunakan zat [[talc]] untuk menggores [[pleura]], untuk mencegah cairan menumpuk di sekitar [[paru-paru]].<ref name=NCI2015PtTx>{{cite web|title=Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment–Patient Version (PDQ®)|url=http"://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma/patient/mesothelioma-treatment-pdq#section/_50|website=NCI|accessdate=260" November 2020|date=September 4, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405125547/http://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma/patient/mesothelioma-treatment-pdq#section/_50|archivedate=5> April 2016}}</ref>Pengobatan dengan [[kemoterapi]] mencakup pengobatan [[cisplatin]] dan [[pemetrexed]].<ref name=Kon2016>{{cite journal|last1=Kondola|first1=S|last2=Manners|first2=D|last3=Nowak|first3=AK|title=Malignant pleural mesothelioma: an update on diagnosis and treatment options.|journal=Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease|date=12 February 2016|pmid=26873306|pmc=5933604|doi=10.1177/1753465816628800|volume=10|issue=3|pages=275–88}}</ref> Rata-rata orang yang dapat bertahan hidup selama lima tahun pasca diagnosis di [[Amerika Serikat]] hanya sekitar 8%.<ref name=SEER2016>{{cite web|title=Age-Adjusted SEER Incidence and U.S. Death Rates and 5-Year Relative Survival (Percent) By Primary Cancer Site, Sex and Time Period|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/archive/csr/1975_2011/results_merged/topic_survival.pdf|website=NCI|accessdate=26 November 2020|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906195701/http://seer.cancer.gov/archive/csr/1975_2011/results_merged/topic_survival.pdf|archivedate=6 September 2015}}</ref>