Juanga: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Etimologi ==
Kata juanga dan joanga berasal dari kata "jung", yang mengacu pada beberapa jenis kapal di Asia. Retana dan Pastell menganggap nama itu diambil dari kata Cina ''chun'', yang berarti perahu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Galang|first=R.E.|date=1941|title=Types of watercraft in the Philippines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eh2kmqa6czMC&q=juanga|journal=The Philippine Journal of Science|volume=75|pages=287–304}}</ref>{{rp|299}} Paul Pelliot dan Waruno Mahdi menolak asal kata China untuk kata "jung".<ref>Pelliot, P. (1933). Les grands voyages maritimes chinois au début du XVe siècle. ''T'oung Pao,'' ''30''(3/5), second series, 237-452. Retrieved from <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/4527050</nowiki></ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Mahdi|first=Waruno|year=2007|title=Malay Words and Malay Things: Lexical Souvenirs from an Exotic Archipelago in German Publications Before 1700|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|isbn=9783447054928}}</ref>{{rp|38}} Kata jong dapat ditemukan di sejumlah prasasti Jawa kuno yang berasal dari abad ke-9.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Manguin|first=Pierre-Yves|date=1993|title=Trading Ships of the South China Sea. Shipbuilding Techniques and Their Role in the History of the Development of Asian Trade Networks|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient|pages=253–280}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Zoetmulder|first=P. J.|year=1982|title=Old Javanese-English dictionary|location=The Hague|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff|isbn=9024761786}}</ref>{{rp|748}} Kata ini pertama kali dicatat dalam [[bahasa Melayu]] dan bahasa Cina pada abad ke-15, ketika daftar kata Cina mengidentifikasinya sebagai istilah Melayu untuk kapal,<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|last=Reid|first=Anthony|year=2000|title=Charting the Shape of Early Modern Southeast Asia|publisher=Silkworm Books|isbn=9747551063}}</ref>{{rp|60}} dengan demikian secara praktis mengecualikan asal kata Cina tersebut.<ref name=":2" />{{rp|266}}
== Sejarah ==
=== Indonesia ===
Juanga was first recorded in a [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] manuscript on the history of Maluku, which was probably written by [[António Galvão]] in about 1544 published by H. Jacobs, S.J. It contains description of how the people in (North) Maluku build their ships.<ref>Poesponegoro (1981). p. 112.</ref><ref>Hubert Theodorus Thomas Marie Jacobs (ed) (1971). ''A treatise on the Moluccas (c. 1544) probably the preliminary version of António Galvão's lost História das Molucas''. Rome: Jesuit historical institute. p. 156, 157, 162-163.</ref> Juanga is used by Sultan Khairun of Ternate for transporting troops in Ternate-Portuguese conflicts between 1530-1570.<ref>Amal (2016). p. 252.</ref>
After a rebellion in [[Tidore Sultanate|Tidore]] ender in 1722, Patani and Maba people who fled to Galela since 1720 were moved to Salawati in the Raja Ampat islands using a total of 30 juanga. On July 4, 1726, 17 juanga and 6 large boats loaded with Papuan and Patani people docked in front of the Oranje fort and landed in a Malay settlement beside the fort. From here the Papuan and Patani people walked to the palace of the Sultan of [[Ternate Sultanate|Ternate]] to report the various treatments they had experienced from high-ranking officials of the Tidore Sultanate. The [[Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie|VOC]] (Dutch East India Company) sent officials to talk the defectors. To VOC officials the Papuans and Patani expressed their desire to become subordinates of the Sultanate of Ternate and the company. They also demanded to be treated as refugees and guaranteed their safety.<ref>Amal (2016). p. 149.</ref> [[Nuku of Tidore|Prince Nuku]] in 1804 used juanga in [[Nuku Rebellion|his revolt against the Dutch (c. 1780-1810)]], for mobilizing troops to attack [[North Halmahera Regency|North Halmahera]].<ref>Amal (2016). p. 39.</ref>
== Lihat juga ==
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