Ketuanan Melayu: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Hanamanteo (bicara | kontrib) + |
Hanamanteo (bicara | kontrib) + |
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Baris 211:
Selama dasawarsa 1990-an, Mahathir dan UMNO menyampaikan gagasan tentang kebijakan budaya pemerintah dengan pembentukan rencana [[Wawasan 2020]] dan [[Bangsa Malaysia]]. Mahathir menyebut salah satu hambatan untuk membangun Malaysia sebagai negara maju pada tahun 2020 adalah tantangan membangun masyarakat yang dewasa, liberal, dan toleran ketika orang Malaysia tak mengira semua warna kulit dan keyakinan bebas untuk mempraktikkan dan menganut adat-istiadat, budaya, dan kepercayaan agama mereka, tetapi merasa bahwa mereka adalah milik satu bangsa. Mahathir mengusulkan pembentukan satu Bangsa Malaysia dengan kesetiaan politik dan dedikasi kepada bangsa. Setelah kemenangan pemilihan umum tahun 1995, Mahathir menguraikan: "Bangsa Malaysia berarti orang yang dapat mengidentifikasi diri mereka sendiri dengan negara, berbicara Bahasa Malaysia (bahasa Malaysia atau bahasa Melayu) dan menerima Konstitusi."<ref>Hwang, pp. 245–246.</ref>
Mahathir
Mahathir later explained that "The idea before was that people should become 100 per cent Malay in order to be Malaysian. We now accept that this is a multi-racial country. We should build bridges instead of trying to remove completely the barriers separating us." Such a dramatic change was perceived by the non-Malay communities as a "complete retraction" of earlier policies emphasising assimilation of non-Malays. The government took measures to stress this change, decreasing emphasis on Malay as the one and only national language by permitting local universities to use English as the medium of instruction for certain subjects. [[Diploma]]s from the MCA-sponsored and Chinese-majority [[Tunku Abdul Rahman College]] (TARC) were officially recognised by the government for employment in the civil service. For the first time, religions other than [[Islam]] were given airtime on state [[radio]] and [[television]], although they were not allowed to proselytise.[[Lion dance]]s — a traditional Chinese performance which had been banned for decades — were not only permitted but even attended by Mahathir and other top government officials.
Although the early 1990s saw marked economic growth, commentators suggested that Mahathir's liberal policies had played the key role in his popularity and the Barisan Nasional's landslide 1995 election victory. One pundit wrote that "Most Malaysians could not remember a time of greater prosperity or lesser inter-ethnic recrimination. ... Economic indicators alone would not have captured the pride that Malaysians had discovered, perhaps for [the] first time, in being Malaysian."<ref>Hilley, p. 65.</ref>
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