Vaksin Covid-19: Perbedaan antara revisi

Beberapa jenis [[koronavirus]] lain yang menyebabkan penyakit pada hewan telah memiliki vaksin tersendiri, seperti [[koronavirus burung]], [[koronavirus anjing]], dan [[koronavirus kucing]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cavanagh|first=Dave|year=2003|title=Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine development: Experiences of vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus|journal=Avian Pathology|volume=32|issue=6|pages=567–582|doi=10.1080/03079450310001621198|pmid=14676007}}</ref>

Upaya-upaya terdahulu dalam pengembangan vaksin virus famili ''[[Coronaviridae]]'' yang dapat menginfeksi manusia difokuskan untuk penanganan [[sindrom pernapasan akut berat]] (SARS) dan [[sindrom pernapasan Timur Tengah]] (MERS). Vaksin terhadap SARS <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gao|first=Wentao|last2=Tamin|first2=Azaibi|last3=Soloff|first3=Adam|last4=d'Aiuto|first4=Leonardo|last5=Nwanegbo|first5=Edward|last6=Robbins|first6=Paul D.|last7=Bellini|first7=William J.|last8=Barratt-Boyes|first8=Simon|last9=Gambotto|first9=Andrea|year=2003|title=Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys|journal=The Lancet|volume=362|issue=9399|pages=1895–1896|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14962-8|pmid=14667748}}</ref> dan MERS <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Eun|last2=Okada|first2=Kaori|last3=Kenniston|first3=Tom|last4=Raj|first4=V. Stalin|last5=Alhajri|first5=Mohd M.|last6=Farag|first6=Elmoubasher A.B.A.|last7=Alhajri|first7=Farhoud|last8=Osterhaus|first8=Albert D.M.E.|last9=Haagmans|first9=Bart L.|year=2014|title=Immunogenicity of an adenoviral-based Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus vaccine in BALB/C mice|journal=Vaccine|volume=32|issue=45|pages=5975–5982|doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.058|pmid=25192975}}</ref> telah diuji pada [[Organisme model|hewan]]. Per tahun 2020, tidak ada vaksin untuk pengobatan atau pencegahan SARS terbukti aman dan efektif pada manusia.<ref name="JiangFutureVirology">{{Cite journal|last=Jiang|first=Shibo|last2=Lu|first2=Lu|last3=Du|first3=Lanying|year=2013|title=Development of SARS vaccines and therapeutics is still needed|journal=[[Future Virology]]|volume=8|issue=1|pages=1–2|doi=10.2217/fvl.12.126}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sars/|title=SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)|date=5 March 2020|publisher=[[National Health Service]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309174230/https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sars/|archive-date=9 March 2020|access-date=31 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Menurut [[Jurnal akademik|jurnal ilmiah]] yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2005 dan 2006, identifikasi dan pengembangan vaksin dan obat-obatan baru untuk mengobati [[Sindrom pernapasan akut berat|SARS]] menjadi prioritas bagi pemerintah di seluruh dunia.<ref name="PMID 15655773">{{Cite journal|last=Greenough|first=Thomas C.|last2=Babcock|first2=Gregory J.|last3=Roberts|first3=Anjeanette|last4=Hernandez|first4=Hector J.|last5=Thomas, Jr.|first5=William D.|last6=Coccia|first6=Jennifer A.|last7=Graziano|first7=Robert F.|last8=Srinivasan|first8=Mohan|last9=Lowy|first9=Israel|displayauthors=4|date=15 February 2005|title=Development and Characterization of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus–Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody That Provides Effective Immunoprophylaxis in Mice|journal=[[The Journal of Infectious Diseases]]|volume=191|issue=4|pages=507–14|doi=10.1086/427242|pmid=15655773}}</ref><ref name="PMID 15885812">{{Cite journal|last=Tripp|first=Ralph A.|last2=Haynes|first2=Lia M.|last3=Moore|first3=Deborah|last4=Anderson|first4=Barbara|last5=Tamin|first5=Azaibi|last6=Harcourt|first6=Brian H.|last7=Jones|first7=Les P.|last8=Yilla|first8=Mamadi|last9=Babcock|first9=Gregory J.|displayauthors=4|date=September 2005|title=Monoclonal antibodies to SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV): Identification of neutralizing and antibodies reactive to S, N, M and E viral proteins|deadurl=Smith|journal=[[Journal of Virological Methods]]|volume=128|issue=1–2|pages=21–8|doi=10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.03.021|pmid=15885812}}</ref><ref name="PMID 16453264">{{Cite journal|last=Roberts|first=Anjeanette|last2=Thomas|first2=William D.|last3=Guarner|first3=Jeannette|last4=Lamirande|first4=Elaine W.|last5=Babcock|first5=Gregory J.|last6=Greenough|first6=Thomas C.|last7=Vogel|first7=Leatrice|last8=Hayes|first8=Norman|last9=Sullivan|first9=John L.|displayauthors=4|date=March 2006|title=Therapy with a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus–Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Disease Severity and Viral Burden in Golden Syrian Hamsters|journal=[[The Journal of Infectious Diseases]]|volume=193|issue=5|pages=685–92|doi=10.1086/500143|pmid=16453264}}</ref>