Game Boy: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Short description|Konsol permainan genggam oleh Nintendo}}
{{Dedicated video game consoles}}▼
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2019}}
[[Berkas:Gameboy.jpg|150px|ka]]▼
{{Infobox information appliance
| title = Game Boy
| logo = Nintendo Game Boy Logo.svg
▲| image = [[Berkas:Gameboy.jpg|150px|ka]]
| caption = Game Boy asli
| aka = {{Video game release|KOR|Mini Comboy}}
| developer = [[Nintendo Research & Development 1|Nintendo R&D1]]
| manufacturer = [[Nintendo]]
| family = [[Game Boy family|Game Boy]]<ref name="HG asks">{{cite interview|last=Ishihara|last2=Morimoto|interviewer=Satoru Iwata|title=Pokémon HeartGold Version & Pokémon SoulSilver Version|url=https://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/ds/pokemon/0/0/|type=Interview: Transcript|work=Iwata Asks|publisher=Nintendo|access-date=September 25, 2022|archive-date=November 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124004538/https://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/ds/pokemon/0/0/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| type = [[Konsol permainan genggam]]
| generation = [[Generasi keempat konsol permainan video|Keempat]]
| release date = {{vgrelease|JP|21 April 1989<ref>{{cite magazine|title=retrodiary: 1 April – 28 April|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|publisher=[[Imagine Publishing]]|location=[[Bournemouth]]|issue=88|date=April 2011|page=17|issn=1742-3155|oclc=489477015}}</ref>|NA|31 Juli 1989<ref name="offoldgames">{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Nintendo Power]]|title=Gameboy Club|issue=7|page=84|last=White|first=Dave|date=July 1989}}</ref>|EU|28 September 1990|KR|16 November 1990|ZA|1992<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/video-games-around-world-south-africa-joshua-rogers/ | title=Video Games Around the World: South Africa | access-date=November 10, 2022 | archive-date=September 25, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925153658/https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/video-games-around-world-south-africa-joshua-rogers/ | url-status=live }}</ref>}}
| lifespan = 1989–2003
| price = [[JP¥]]12,500<ref name="NALaunchPrice">{{cite web |date=September 7, 2015 |title=Happy 20th b-day, Game Boy: here are 6 reasons why you're #1 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2009/04/game-boy-20th-anniversary/ |website=Ars Technica |access-date=June 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815023656/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2009/04/game-boy-20th-anniversary/ |archive-date=August 15, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />[[US$]]89.99<ref name="NALaunchPrice" /><ref>{{cite web
|date=2013-10-15
|title=The Real Cost of Gaming: Inflation, Time, and Purchasing Power
|access-date=2020-08-28
|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/10/15/the-real-cost-of-gaming-inflation-time-and-purchasing-power
|archive-date=September 15, 2020
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915010832/https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/10/15/the-real-cost-of-gaming-inflation-time-and-purchasing-power
|url-status=live
}}</ref><br />[[Pound sterling|£]]69.99<ref name="UKLaunchPrice">{{cite web
|date=2022-01-21
|title=Argos Catalogue 1990
|access-date=2022-01-21
|url=https://issuu.com/retromash/docs/argos-no36-1991-autumnwinter/1?ff
|archive-date=January 22, 2022
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122030242/https://issuu.com/retromash/docs/argos-no36-1991-autumnwinter/1?ff
|url-status=live
}}</ref><br />[[Deutsche Mark|DM]]169<ref>{{cite news
|date=2015-10-12
|title=Matsch-Screen statt Touchscreen
|newspaper=Der Spiegel
|access-date=2020-08-28
|url=https://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/games/25-jahre-game-boy-in-deutschland-a-1056277.html
|last1=Freundorfer
|first1=Stephan
|archive-date=November 8, 2020
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108130027/https://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/games/25-jahre-game-boy-in-deutschland-a-1056277.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref>
| discontinued = 23 Maret 2003<ref name="consolidatedsales"/>
| units sold = Di seluruh dunia: 118.69 million<ref name="consolidatedsales"/> {{small|(termasuk [[#Play It Loud! edition|''Play It Loud!'' edition]], [[Game Boy Pocket]], [[Game Boy Light]] dan [[Game Boy Color]] unit)}}
| media = [[Game Boy Game Pak]]
| power = 4 × [[Baterai AA]]
| cpu = [[Sharp Corporation|Sharp]] inti LR35902
| CPUspeed = 4.19 MHz
| display = [[super-twisted nematic|STN LCD]] 160 × 144 pixels, 47 × 43 [[Millimetre|mm]] (w × h)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Support/Game-Boy-Pocket-Color/Product-information/Technical-data/Technical-data-619585.html|title=Technical data|website=Nintendo of Europe GmbH|access-date=May 24, 2017|archive-date=February 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207100304/https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Support/Game-Boy-Pocket-Color/Product-information/Technical-data/Technical-data-619585.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
| topgame = ''[[Tetris]]'' {{small|(sekitar 35 juta unit)}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://247wallst.com/special-report/2018/01/30/most-popular-video-games-of-all-time/10/|title=50 Most Popular Video Games of All Time|work=247wallst.com|access-date=2018-05-21|language=en|archive-date=May 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521191654/https://247wallst.com/special-report/2018/01/30/most-popular-video-games-of-all-time/10/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/264530/all-time-best-selling-console-games-worldwide/|title=All-time best selling console games worldwide 2018 {{!}} Statistic|website=Statista|language=en|access-date=2018-05-21|archive-date=May 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521191623/https://www.statista.com/statistics/264530/all-time-best-selling-console-games-worldwide/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| weight = 7,76 ons/0,22 kg (tanpa baterai)
| dimensions = 5,8”/148 mm × 3,5”/90 mm × 1,3”/32 mm (p × l × d)
| predecessor = [[Game & Watch]]
| successor = [[Game Boy Color]]<ref name=asks>{{cite interview|last=Umezu|last2=Sugino|interviewer=Satoru Iwata|title=Nintendo 3DS (Volume 3 – Nintendo 3DS Hardware Concept)|url=http://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/#/3ds/how-nintendo-3ds-made/1/0|type=Interview: Transcript|work=Iwata Asks|publisher=Nintendo|access-date=March 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725233103/http://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/#/3ds/how-nintendo-3ds-made/1/0|archive-date=July 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
'''Game Boy''' adalah 8-bit [[Generasi keempat konsol permainan video|generasi keempat]] [[konsol permainan genggam]] yang dikembangkan dan diproduksi oleh [[Nintendo]]. Ini pertama kali dirilis di [[Jepang]] pada 21 April 1989, di Amerika Utara pada akhir tahun yang sama, dan di Eropa pada akhir 1990. Ini dirancang oleh tim yang sama yang mengembangkan [[Game & Watch|Game & Watch seri]] dari game elektronik genggam dan beberapa Game Nintendo Entertainment System: Satoru Okada, [[Gunpei Yokoi]], dan Nintendo Research & Development 1.<ref name="allgame">{{cite web|url=http://www.allgame.com/platform.php?id=20|title=Game Boy - Overview|last=Beuscher|first=Dave|publisher=[[Allgame]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212112812/http://www.allgame.com/platform.php?id=20|archive-date=December 12, 2014|access-date=September 11, 2008|quote=A team headed by Gumpei Yokoi{{sic}} designed the Game Boy. Yokoi had previously designed handheld games for Nintendo with the cartridge-based Game & Watch system, introduced in 1980. His staff, called Research and Development (R and D) team #1, had designed the successful NES games Metroid and Kid Icarus. What Yokoi's team did was create a hybrid of the NES and the Game & Watch systems.}}</ref><ref name="okada">{{cite web|url=http://www.japanesenintendo.com/post/155107688449|title=Satoru Okada talks Game & Watch, Game Boy and Nintendo DS development|year=2016|work=Issue 163|publisher=[[Retro Gamer]] Magazine|access-date=January 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101232208/http://www.japanesenintendo.com/post/155107688449|archive-date=January 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
Ini adalah konsol game genggam kedua Nintendo dan menggabungkan fitur dari perangkat genggam Game & Watch dan sistem rumah NES. Konsol ini menampilkan layar dot-matrix dengan dial kontras yang dapat disesuaikan, lima tombol kontrol game (tombol arah, dua tombol game, dan "MULAI" dan "PILIH"), satu speaker dengan tombol volume yang dapat disesuaikan dan, seperti para pesaingnya, menggunakan [[Katrid ROM|cartridges]] sebagai media fisik untuk game. Skema warna dibuat dari dua nada abu-abu dengan aksen hitam, biru, dan magenta gelap. Semua sudut unit persegi panjang berorientasi potret dibulatkan halus, kecuali kanan bawah, yang melengkung. Saat peluncuran, itu dijual baik sebagai unit mandiri, atau dibundel dengan salah satu dari beberapa game, di antaranya ''Super Mario Land'' dan ''[[Tetris]]''. Beberapa aksesoris juga dikembangkan, termasuk tas jinjing, kamera, dan printer.
Game Boy menerima tinjauan yang beragam dari para kritikus dan dianggap secara teknologi lebih rendah dari [[Generasi keempat konsol permainan video|generasi keempat]] pesaingnya ([[Sega]] [[Game Gear]], [[Atari Corporation| Atari]] [[Atari Lynx|Lynx]], dan [[NEC]] TurboExpress). Kurangnya lampu latar, grafik, desain besar, dan harga mendapat kritik, tetapi juga menerima pujian untuk masa pakai baterai, perpustakaan game, dan daya tahan dalam konstruksinya. Dengan cepat terjual lebih banyak dari kompetisi,<ref name="atariage">{{cite web|url=http://www.atariage.com/Lynx/history.html|title=AtariAge - Lynx History|publisher=[[Atari Age#AtariAge (website)|AtariAge]]|access-date=November 22, 2016|quote=Eventually the Lynx was squeezed out of the picture and the handheld market was dominated by the Nintendo GameBoy with the Sega Game Gear a distant second.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201065331/http://www.atariage.com/Lynx/history.html|archive-date=December 1, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> menjual satu juta unit di Amerika Serikat dalam beberapa minggu.<ref>Kent 2001, p. 416. "According to an article in ''Time'' magazine, the one million Game Boys sent to the United States in 1989 met only half the demand for the product. That allotment sold out in a matter of weeks and its black and white (except for Konami/Factor 5 games and ''[[SeaQuest DSV (video game)|SeaQuest DSV]]''), was shown in color like the Game Gear version."</ref> Diperkirakan 118,69 juta unit dari Game Boy dan penggantinya, [[Game Boy Color]],<ref name=asks/> have been sold worldwide,<ref name="consolidatedsales"/> menjadikannya [[Daftar konsol permainan terlaris|| konsol video game terlaris]] sepanjang masa. Ini adalah salah satu perangkat yang paling dikenal dari tahun 1990-an, menjadi [[ikon kebudayaan]] di tahun-tahun setelah peluncurannya. Beberapa desain ulang dirilis selama masa pakai konsol, termasuk Game Boy Pocket pada tahun 1996 dan Game Boy Light pada tahun 1998 (khusus Jepang). Produksi Game Boy berlanjut hingga tahun 2003,<ref name="ngb">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/apr/21/nintendo-game-boy-25-facts-for-its-25th-anniversary|title=Nintendo Game Boy – 25 facts for its 25th anniversary|last=Stuart|first=Keith|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=November 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123134026/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/apr/21/nintendo-game-boy-25-facts-for-its-25th-anniversary|archive-date=November 23, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> baik setelah perilisan penerus keduanya, [[Game Boy Advance]], pada tahun 2001.
== Rujukan ==
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{{Nintendo}}
▲{{Dedicated video game consoles}}
{{Konsol permainan genggam}}
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