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Juga bukan makanan, menyebabkan, [[urushiol-induced contact dermatitis]], timbul karena bersinggungan dengan [[poison ivy]], [[Toxicodendron pubescens|eastern poison oak]], [[Toxicodendron diversilobum|western poison oak]], or [[poison sumac]]. [[Urushiol]], bukan protein, tetapi mengubah bentuk [[integral membrane protein]] dan mengenai sel kulit, sedangkan sistem kekebalan tidak mengenalinya sebagai bagian dari badan dan timbullah alergi.<ref>C. Michael Hogan. [http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=82914 ''Western poison-oak: Toxicodendron diversilobum''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721044257/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=82914 |date=2009-07-21 }}. GlobalTwitcher, ed. Nicklas Stromberg. 2008. Retrieved 30 April 2010.</ref> Of these poisonous plants, sumac is the most virulent.<ref>Keeler, Harriet L. (1900). ''Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them.'' New York: Charles Scriber's Sons. pp. 94–96; Frankel, Edward, Ph.D. ''Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac and Their Relatives; Pistachios, Mangoes and Cashews.'' The Boxwood Press. Pacific Grove, Calif. 1991. ISBN 978-0-940168-18-3.</ref>
Diperkirakan 25 persen orang peka terhadap urushiol, tetapi angka kejadiannya meningkat menjadi 80 hingga 90 person dewasa yang terpapar urushiol yang dimurnikan, misalnya parfum poison ivy (jangan sampai terkena kulit).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Armstrong W.P., Epstein W.L. |title= |journal=Herbalgram |volume=34 |issue= |pages=36–42 |year=1995 |publisher=American Botanical Council |url=}} cited in http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0802.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006212234/http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0802.htm |date=2015-10-06 }}</ref>
=== Faktor keturunan ===
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