Vaksin Covid-19: Perbedaan antara revisi

Mulai sejak 2021, sembilan teknologi berbeda dengan beberapa teknologi lainnya yang belum terdefinisikan sudah mulai dalam fase riset dan pengembangan untuk menciptakan vaksin yang efektif melawan COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19 vaccine tracker|url=https://vac-lshtm.shinyapps.io/ncov_vaccine_landscape/|website=vac-lshtm.shinyapps.io|access-date=2021-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Krammer|first=Florian|date=2020-10|title=SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2798-3|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=586|issue=7830|pages=516–527|doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2798-3|issn=1476-4687}}</ref> Beberapa dari kandidat vaksin ini memfokuskan tujuannya pada ujung runcing pada virus yang terbuat dari protein dan variannya sebagai antigen utama dalam infeksi COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Le|first=Tung Thanh|last2=Cramer|first2=Jakob P.|last3=Chen|first3=Robert|last4=Mayhew|first4=Stephen|date=2020-09-04|title=Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-020-00151-8|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|language=en|volume=19|issue=10|pages=667–668|doi=10.1038/d41573-020-00151-8}}</ref> Teknologi yang dikembangkan antara lain teknologi asam nukleat ([[RNA Duta dengan nukleosida yang termodifikasi|RNA duta dengan nukleosida yang termodifikasi)]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kowalski|first=Piotr S.|last2=Rudra|first2=Arnab|last3=Miao|first3=Lei|last4=Anderson|first4=Daniel G.|date=2019-04-10|title=Delivering the Messenger: Advances in Technologies for Therapeutic mRNA Delivery|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6453548/|journal=Molecular Therapy|volume=27|issue=4|pages=710–728|doi=10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.02.012|issn=1525-0016|pmc=6453548|pmid=30846391}}</ref>, vektor virus yang tidak bereplikasi, peptida, protein rekombinan, virus yang dilemahkan, dan virus yang diinaktivasi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Michael S.|last2=Pierson|first2=Theodore C.|date=2020-05-13|title=The Challenges of Vaccine Development against a New Virus during a Pandemic|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219397/|journal=Cell Host & Microbe|volume=27|issue=5|pages=699–703|doi=10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.021|issn=1931-3128|pmc=7219397|pmid=32407708}}</ref>

Vaksin lain yang sedam dalam uji klinis termasuk beberapa vaksin plasmid DNA,<ref>{{Cite web|title=IVI, INOVIO, and KNIH to partner with CEPI in a Phase I/II clinical trial of INOVIO’s COVID-19 DNA vaccine in South Korea – IVI|url=https://www.ivi.int/ivi-inovio-and-knih-to-partner-with-cepi-in-a-phase-i-ii-clinical-trial-of-inovios-covid-19-dna-vaccine-in-south-korea/|language=en-US|access-date=2021-03-25}}</ref> dua vaksin vektor lentivirus,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-14|title=Covid-19: A vaccine candidate using a lentiviral vector|url=https://www.pasteur.fr/en/all-sars-cov-2-covid-19-institut-pasteur/research-projects/covid-19-vaccine-candidate-using-lentiviral-vector|website=Institut Pasteur|language=en-gb|access-date=2021-03-25}}</ref>, vaksin konjugat, dan virus stomatitis vesikuler yang mengimitasi protein pada SARS-CoV-2.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Israel Institute for Biological Research (IIBR)|date=2021-01-04|title=A Phase I/II Randomized, Multi-Center, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Immunogenicity and Potential Efficacy of an rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S Vaccine (IIBR-100) in Adults|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04608305}}</ref>