George Inness: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''George Inness''' ({{lahirmati||1|5|1825||3|8|1894|}}) adalah [[Lukisan lanskap|pelukis pemandangan]] asal Amerika Serikat yang terkemuka. Salah satu seniman Amerika yang paling berpengaruh pada abad kesembilan belas, Inness, pada gilirannya, dipengaruhi oleh [[Old Masters]], [[sekolah Sungai Hudson]], [[sekolah Barbizon]], dan, akhirnya, teologi [[Emanuel Swedenborg]], yang spiritualismenya menemukan ekspresi yang jelas dalam karya kedewasaan Inness (1879–1894).
Meskipun gaya Inness berkembang melalui tahapan yang berbeda selama karir produktif yang membentang lebih dari empat puluh tahun dan 1.000 lukisan, karya-karyanya secara konsisten mendapat pujian atas upaya mereka yang kuat dan terkoordinasi untuk memperoleh kedalaman suasana hati, atmosfer, dan emosi. Baik [[realisme (seni rupa)|realis]] murni maupun [[impresionis]], Inness adalah figur transisional yang menginginkan karya-karyanya untuk menggabungkan hal-hal duniawi dan halus untuk menangkap esensi lengkap dari sebuah lokal. Seorang ahli cahaya, warna, dan bayangan, ia menjadi terkenal karena menciptakan adegan yang sangat teratur dan kompleks yang sering disandingkan dengan elemen kabur atau kabur dengan detail yang tajam dan halus untuk membangkitkan jalinan sifat fisik dan spiritual dari pengalaman. Dalam kata-kata Inness, ia berusaha melalui seninya untuk menunjukkan "realitas yang tak terlihat"<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bell|first1=Adrienne Baxter|title=George Inness: Writings and Reflections on Art and Philosophy|url=https://archive.org/details/georgeinnesswrit00bell_0|date=2006|publisher=George Braziller|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/georgeinnesswrit00bell_0/page/79 79]}}</ref> dan untuk menghubungkan "yang terlihat di atas yang tidak terlihat."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://linesandcolors.com/2006/12/20/george-inness/|title=George Inness – Lines and Colors|access-date=2021-06-12|archive-date=2020-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514170939/http://linesandcolors.com/2006/12/20/george-inness/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Dalam masa hidupnya sendiri, kritikus seni memuji Inness sebagai salah satu seniman terbesar Amerika.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bell|first1=Adrienne Baxter|title=George Inness: Writings and Reflections on Art and Philosophy|url=https://archive.org/details/georgeinnesswrit00bell_0|date=2006|publisher=George Braziller|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/georgeinnesswrit00bell_0/page/n10 7]–10}}</ref> Sering disebut "bapak dari lukisan lanskap Amerika,"<ref>{{cite web|title=George Inness, the Famous American Tonalist Painter|url=http://www.historyofpainters.com/george_inness.htm|access-date=July 9, 2012|archive-date=2020-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220062112/http://www.historyofpainters.com/george_inness.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=George Inness: Private Treasures |url=http://montclairartmuseum.org/innesstreasures/ |publisher=Montclair Art Museum |access-date=July 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120416064223/http://www.montclairartmuseum.org/innesstreasures/ |archive-date=April 16, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MAM and Adult School of Montclair – George Inness After Hours Tour |url=http://www.thejerseytomatopress.com/stories/MAM-and-Adult-School-of-Montclair-George-Inness-After-Hours-Tour,9312?content_source=&category_id=&search_filter=&event_mode=day&event_ts_from=&list_type=&order_by=&order_sort=&content_class=&sub_type=event_browse&town_id=&page= |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130203232959/http://www.thejerseytomatopress.com/stories/MAM-and-Adult-School-of-Montclair-George-Inness-After-Hours-Tour,9312?content_source=&category_id=&search_filter=&event_mode=day&event_ts_from=&list_type=&order_by=&order_sort=&content_class=&sub_type=event_browse&town_id=&page= |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 3, 2013 |publisher=The Jersey Tomato Press |access-date=July 9, 2012 }}</ref> Inness terkenal karena karya-karya dewasanya yang tidak hanya mencontohkan gerakan [[Tonalisme|Tonalis]] tetapi juga menampilkan gaya Amerika yang asli dan unik.
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==Pranala luar==
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* [http://www.georgeinness.org/ George Inness. The Complete Works] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602110755/https://www.georgeinness.org/ |date=2023-06-02 }}
* [http://www.artchive.com/artchive/I/inness.html George Inness on artchive.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208051536/https://www.artchive.com/artchive/I/inness.html |date=2022-12-08 }}
* [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/inness_george.html ArtCyclopedia: George Inness] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118185305/http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/inness_george.html |date=2022-01-18 }}
* [http://www.askart.com/askart/artist.aspx?artist=2173 Inness on AskArt.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816111837/http://www.askart.com/askart/artist.aspx?artist=2173 |date=2014-08-16 }}
* [http://www.clarkart.edu/exhibitions/whistler/content/home.cfm Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute 2008 exhibition "Like Breath on Glass: Whistler, Inness, and the Art of Painting Softly."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180958/http://www.clarkart.edu/exhibitions/whistler/content/home.cfm |date=2016-03-03 }}
* [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703437304576120652278312150?mod=WSJ_LifeStyle_LifestyleArtEnt "Up from the Basement – To Stardom"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802101957/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703437304576120652278312150?mod=WSJ_LifeStyle_LifestyleArtEnt |date=2018-08-02 }}, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', Retrieved December 2, 2011
* [http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/38038/rec/39 American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006135931/http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/38038/rec/39 |date=2014-10-06 }}, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Inness (see index)
* [http://gildedage2.omeka.net/exhibits/show/highlights/artists/inness Documenting the Gilded Age: New York City Exhibitions at the Turn of the 20th Century] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526133346/https://gildedage2.omeka.net/exhibits/show/highlights/artists/inness |date=2023-05-26 }}. A [[New York Art Resources Consortium]] project. Exhibition catalogs, a biographical description, and an essay by Thomas Kirby on Inness.
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