Jalaluddin Rumi: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Berkas:Mevlana Statue, Buca.jpg|jmpl|ka|Rumi]]

 

 

Kebanyakan karya-karya Rumi ditulis dalam bahasa [[Bahasa Persia|Persia]], tetapi ia juga terkadang menggunakan [[bahasa Turki]]<ref name="Annemarie Schimmel">Annemarie Schimmel, The Triumphal Sun: A Study of the Works of Jalaloddin Rumi, SUNY Press, 1993, p. 193: "Rumi's mother tongue was Persian, but he had learned during his stay in Konya, enough Turkish and Greek to use it, now and then, in his verse."</ref>, [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]<ref name="Franklin Lewis">Franklin Lewis: "On the question of Rumi's multilingualism (pp. 315–317), we may still say that he spoke and wrote in Persian as a native language, wrote and conversed in Arabic as a learned "foreign" language and could at least get by at the market in Turkish and Greek (although some wildly extravagant claims have been made about his command of Attic Greek, or his native tongue being Turkish) (Lewis 2008:xxi). (Franklin Lewis, "Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi," One World Publication Limited, 2008). Franklin also points out that: "Living among Turks, Rumi also picked up some colloquial Turkish."(Franklin Lewis, "Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi," One World Publication Limited, 2008, p. 315). He also mentions Rumi composed thirteen lines in Greek (Franklin Lewis, ''Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi'', One World Publication Limited, 2008, p. 316). On Rumi's son, Sultan Walad, Franklin mentions: "[[Sultan Walad]] elsewhere admits that he has little knowledge of Turkish" (Sultan Walad): Franklin Lewis, ''Rumi, "Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi'', One World Publication Limited, 2008, p. 239) and "Sultan Valad did not feel confident about his command of Turkish" (Franklin Lewis, ''Rumi: Past and Present, East and West'', Oneworld Publications, 2000, p. 240)</ref>, dan [[Bahasa Yunani|Yunani]]<ref>Δέδες, Δ. 1993. Ποιήματα του Μαυλανά Ρουμή. Τα Ιστορικά 10.18–19: 3–22.</ref><ref>Meyer, G. 1895. Die griechischen Verse in Rabâbnâma. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 4: 401–411.</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=22 April 2009|title=Greek Verses of Rumi & Sultan Walad|url=http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/Play/rumiwalad.html|work=uci.edu|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805175317/http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/Play/rumiwalad.html|archive-date=5 August 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> dalam tulisan-tulisannya. Salah satu karyanya, yaitu Kitab Masnawi (''Mathnawi''), yang disusun di [[Konya]], dianggap sebagai salah satu puisi terbaik dalam bahasa Persia.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gardet|first=Louis|year=1977|title=The Cambridge History of Islam, Part VIII: Islamic Society and Civilization|publisher=Cambridge University Press|editor-last=Holt|editor-first=P.M.|page=586|chapter=Religion and Culture|quote=It is sufficient to mention [['Aziz Nasafi|'Aziz al-Din Nasafi]], Farid al-Din 'Attar and Sa'adi, and above all Jalal al-Din Rumi, whose Mathnawi remains one of the purest literary glories of Persia|editor2-last=Lambton|editor2-first=Ann K.S.|editor3-last=Lewis|editor3-first=Bernard}}</ref><ref name="C.E. Bosworth p. 391">C.E. Bosworth, "Turkmen Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkmen must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time). The process of Persianization accelerated in the 13th century with the presence in Konya of two of the most distinguished refugees fleeing before the Mongols, Bahā' al-Dīn Walad and his son Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, whose Mathnawī, composed in Konya, constitutes one of the crowning glories of classical Persian literature."</ref> Karya ini merupakan salah satu karya paling berpengaruh dalam dunia [[Sufisme]], dan kerap disebut sebagai "Quran dalam bahasa Persia"<ref>{{cite book|author=Jawid Mojaddedi|year=2004|title=Rumi, Jalal al-Din. The Masnavi, Book One|publisher=Oxford University Press (Kindle Edition)|page=xix|chapter=Introduction}}</ref>.