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{{Demokrasi}}
'''Demokrasi Islam''' adalah [[Autokrasi]] ideologi politik yang berusaha menerapkan prinsip-prinsip [[Islam]] ke dalam [[kebijakan publik]] dalam kerangka [[demokrasi]]. Teori politik Islam menyebutkan tiga ciri dasar demokrasi Islam: pemimpin harus dipilih oleh rakyat, tunduk pada [[syariah]], dan berkomitmen untuk mempraktekkan "syura", sebuah bentuk konsultasi khusus yang dilakukan oleh [[Nabi Muhammad SAW]] yang dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai hadits dengan komunitas mereka.<ref>{{cite journal |first=Najib |last=Ghadbian |date=July 6, 2003 |title=Democracy or Self-Interest? |url=http://hir.harvard.edu/chinademocracy-or-self-interest/ |journal=Harvard International Review |accessdate=2011-10-19 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Negara-negara yang memenuhi tiga ciri dasar tersebut antara lain [[Afghanistan]], [[Iran]], dan [[Malaysia]]. [[Arab Saudi]], [[Qatar]], dan [[Uni Emirat Arab]] adalah contoh negara yang ''tidak'' menganut prinsip demokrasi Islam meski negara-negara Islam, karena negara-negara ini tidak mengadakan pemilihan. Pelaksanaan demokrasi Islam berbeda di negara-negara mayoritas muslim, karena interpretasi syariah berbeda-beda dari satu negara ke negara lain, dan penggunaan syariah lebih komprehensif di negara-negara di mana syariah menjadi dasar bagi undang-undang negara.
 
Konsep liberalisme dan partisipasi demokratis sudah ada di [[Zaman Kejayaan Islam|dunia Islam abad pertengahan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Weeramantry |first=Christopher G. |date=1997 |title=Justice Without Frontiers: Furthering Human Rights |publisher=Kluwer Law International |location=The Hague |pages=134–5 |isbn=90-411-0241-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sullivan |first=Antony T. |date=January–February 1997 |title=Istanbul Conference Traces Islamic Roots of Western Law, Society |url=http://www.wrmea.org/1997-january-february/istanbul-conference-traces-islamic-roots-of-western-law-society.html |journal=[[Washington Report on Middle East Affairs]] |page=36 |accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Goodman |first=Lenn Evan |date=2003 |title=Islamic Humanism |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=155 |isbn=0-19-513580-6}}</ref> [[Kekhalifahan Rasyidin]] dianggap oleh para pendukungnya sebagai contoh awal sebuah negara demokratis dan diklaim bahwa perkembangan demokrasi di dunia Islam akhirnya terhenti setelah [[Hubungan Sunni-Syiah|perpecahan Sunni–Syiah]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=al-Hibri |first=Azizah Y. |title=Islamic and American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities or a History of Borrowing |journal=[[University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law]] |volume=1 |issue=3 |year=1998–1999 |pages=492–527 [507–25]}}</ref>
[[Muhammad Alif Adha Bin Samad]]
 
Konsep liberalisme dan partisipasi demokratis sudah ada di . dianggap oleh para pendukungnya sebagai contoh awal sebuah negara demokratis dan diklaim bahwa perkembangan demokrasi di dunia Islam akhirnya terhenti setelah .
 
== Partai dan Organisasi Demokratis Islam ==
Baris 81 ⟶ 79:
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://globalwebpost.com/farooqm/writings/islamic/democracy.htm Islam and Democracy: Perceptions and Misperceptions]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} by Dr. Mohammad Omar Farooq
* Islam and Democracy: Perce
* [http://islamicamagazine.com/Issue.aspx?IsCurrent=Yes Democracy and the Muslim World (series of articles on Islam and Democracy from Islamica Magazine)]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}▼
* ptions and Misperceptions by Dr. Mohammad Omar Farooq
* [http://www.beliefnet.com/story/125/story_12584_1.html Islamic Democracies (article)]
▲* Democracy and the Muslim World (series of articles on Islam and Democracy from Islamica Magazine)
* [http://www.ccd21.org/conferences/wwconf_transript2.htm Preview of the Seoul Conference on The Community of Democracies: Challenges and Threats to Democracy] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20130112200145/http://www.ccd21.org/conferences/wwconf_transript2.htm |date=2013-01-12 }}
* Islamic Democracies (article)
* Marina Ottoway, et al., '''"Democratic Mirage in the Middle East,"''' Carnegie Endowment for Ethics and International Peace, Policy Brief 20, (October 20, 2002). Internet, available online at: <nowiki>http://www.ceip.org/files/publications/HTMLBriefs-WP/20_October_2002_Policy_Brief/20009536v01.html</nowiki>▼
* Preview of the Seoul Conference on The Community of Democracies: Challenges and Threats to Democracy
* On Ethical Democracy (includng Islamic Democracy): <nowiki>http://www.ethicaldemocracy.org</nowiki>▼
▲* Marina Ottoway, et al., '''"Democratic Mirage in the Middle East,"''' Carnegie Endowment for Ethics and International Peace, Policy Brief 20, (October 20, 2002). Internet, available online at: <nowiki>http://www.ceip.org/files/publications/HTMLBriefs-WP/20_October_2002_Policy_Brief/20009536v01.html</nowiki>
* Marina Ottoway and Thomas Carothers, '''"Think Again: Middle East Democracy,"'''Foreign Policy (Nov./Dec. 2004). Internet, available online at: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=2705&print=1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113090226/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=2705&print=1 |date=2009-01-13 }}
▲* On Ethical Democracy (includng Islamic Democracy): <nowiki>http://www.ethicaldemocracy.org</nowiki>
* MarinaChris Ottoway and Thomas CarothersZambelis, '''"ThinkThe Again:Strategic Implications of Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Middle East Democracy,"'''Foreign PolicyParameters, (Nov./Dec.Autumn 20042005). Internet, available online at: <nowiki>http://www.foreignpolicycarlisle.comarmy.mil/storyusawc/cmsParameters/05autumn/zambelis.php?story_idhtm{{Pranala mati|date=2705&printMaret 2021 |bot=1</nowiki>InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.enterstageright.com/archive/articles/0503/0503afterjihad.htm The Muslim's world future is freedom] Book review, with some controversial content.▼
* Chris Zambelis, '''"The Strategic Implications of Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Middle East,"''' Parameters, (Autumn 2005). Internet, available online at: <nowiki>http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/05autumn/zambelis.htm%5B%5D</nowiki>
* [http://en.nufdi.org/ National Union for Democracy in Iran]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
▲* The Muslim's world future is freedom Book review, with some controversial content.
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/elsewhere/journalist/story/0,,1169776,00.html Democracy in the Middle East] A series of articles in the Guardian on the problems of democracy in the region by Brian Whitaker.▼
* National Union for Democracy in Iran
* [http://www.watsoninstitute.org/bjwa/archive/9.2/Iran/Schmid.pdf Expect the Unexpected: A Religious Democracy in Iran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101055229/http://www.watsoninstitute.org/bjwa/archive/9.2/Iran/Schmid.pdf |date=2007-01-01 }}
▲* Democracy in the Middle East A series of articles in the Guardian on the problems of democracy in the region by Brian Whitaker.
* Expect[http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200108/09/eng20010809_76891.html theIranian Unexpected:President AMohammad Khatami Vows to Establish Religious Democracy in Iran ]
* Iranian[http://www.csidonline.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=104&Itemid=71 PresidentRecent MohammadElections Khatamiand Vowsthe toFuture Establishof Religious Democracy in Iran]
* [http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5842.2005.752_1.x Minimal Islam Is the Answer for Iran]▼
* Recent Elections and the Future of Religious Democracy in Iran
* [http://english.ohmynews.com/ArticleView/article_view.asp?no=331207&rel_no=1 Democracy Lacking in Muslim World]
▲* Minimal Islam Is the Answer for Iran
* [http://www.memritv.org/clip_transcript/en/251.htm Islamic Revolutionary Guard Official in Tehran University Lecture (Part I): Islam Has Nothing in Common with Democracy]▼
* Democracy Lacking in Muslim World
▲* Islamic Revolutionary Guard Official in Tehran University Lecture (Part I): Islam Has Nothing in Common with Democracy
 
{{ideologies}}
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{{Malaysiapolitik-stub}}
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