Bashar al-Assad: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Add 1 book for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20221009)) #IABot (v2.0.9.2) (GreenC bot |
k →Kehidupan pribadi: clean up |
||
Baris 52:
== Kehidupan pribadi ==
Assad yang mahir dalam [[bahasa Inggris]] dan [[bahasa Prancis]] menjalani studi di sekolah elit Franco-Arab al-Hurriyet di [[Damaskus]] (ibu kota Suriah) juga belajar ilmu kedokteran di [[Universitas Damaskus]] untuk Fakultas Kedokteran. Lulus menjadi seorang dokter, spesialisasi dalam [[oftalmologi]] (mata) di pendidikan rumah sakit [[London]]. Ia menikah dengan Asma' al-Akhras, seorang Suriah yang tinggal di [[Inggris]] sejak kelahirannya maupun masa dewasanya.
<!-- Keluarga al-Assad adalah anggota [[muslim]] group minoritas dan anggota group have been prominent in the governmental hierarchy and army since 1963 when Baath first seized power. Their origins are to be found in the [[Latakia]] region of north-west Syria. Bashar's family is originally from [[Qardaha]], just east of Latakia.
Initially Bashar had few political aspirations. Hafez al-Assad had been grooming Bashar's older brother, [[Basil al-Assad]] to be the future president. However, Basil's premature death in an automobile accident in 1994 suddenly made Bashar his father's new [[heir apparent]]. When the elder Assad died in 2000, Bashar was duly elected President unopposed with apparent massive popular support, after Syria's Majlis Al Shaa'b (Parliament) swiftly voted to lower the minimum age for candidates from 40 to 34.
Upon claiming the presidency, Bashar al-Assad promised economic and political reforms to Syria, but he has so far delivered little change in the status quo. The [[Baath Party]] remains in control of the parliament and is constitutionally the "leading party" of the state. Bashar al-Assad, however, was not strongly involved previously in the running of the party. Until he became President, Bashar's only formal political role was as the head of the Syrian Computer Society, which was mainly in charge of introducing the [[Internet]] to Syria.
Immediately after he took power, a reform movement made cautious advances during the so-called [[Damaskus Spring]], and Assad seemed to accept this, as he shut down the notorious [[Mezze prison]] and released hundreds of [[political prisoner]]s. The Damaskus Spring however ground to an abrupt halt as security crackdowns commenced again within a year, and although Bashar rules with a softer touch than the all-out [[totalitarianism]] of his father, political freedoms are still extremely curtailed. The security apparatus has eased its grip on society, but remains solidly in control, and while a small dissident movement has by now firmly established itself, it is still both powerless and pressured by the regime. Sporadic protests are occurring among the [[Kurds]] in north-eastern Syria, long discriminated against by the [[Arab nationalist]] Baathist government.
Economic liberalization has also been very limited, with industry still heavily state-controlled and [[political corruption|corruption]] rife throughout the state apparatus. Mild economic sanctions (the [[Syria Accountability Act]]) applied by the [[USA]] further complicate the situation. Of major importance are the negotiations for a [[free trade]] [[Association Agreement]] with the [[European Union]], but progress is slow.
| |||