SNC-Lavalin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Pada tahun 1911, Arthur {{sic|hide=y|Survey|er}} membuka sebuah kantor konsultansi rekayasa dengan nama Arthur {{sic|hide=y|Survey|er}} & Cie., di Montréal setelah menyelesaikan studinya di Belgia dan di [[Polytechnique Montréal]], serta bekerja selama beberapa tahun di bidang [[pekerjaan umum]].<ref name="Bana-2014">{{Cite journal| issn = 2427-4062| volume = N° 1| issue = 1| pages = 108–127| last = Bana| first = Edy-Claude Okalla| title = The Quebec leader for consulting engineering: SNC-Lavalin (1911-1991)| journal = Revue française d'histoire économique| date = 2014| doi = 10.3917/rfhe.001.0108}}</ref><ref name="SNC_Surveyor_1911">{{Cite AV media| people = SNC| title = 1911: Arthur Surveyer opens his first office|access-date=February 15, 2019| time = 98 seconds| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrmZF_zORF8 |publisher=SNC Lavalin |quote=[[Camille Dagenais]], President and CEO of SNC Group from 1967 to 1975, spoke of pivotal role of Surveyer in SNC's history. According to his promotion in the Order of Canada in 1982/3 he was honoured for spearheading a "host of large-scale hydro development projects in Quebec (Manie 5), Canada and abroad, particularly in India and Greece". It was also noted that he sat "on the board of directors of various companies and lends his considerable talents to many professional associations". He was the President of the International Commission on Large Dams.}}</ref> Surveyer bekerja di proyek pembangunan [[PLTA]] bersama mitranya, Augustin Frigon (1888–1952), seorang insinyur, profesor, dan Direktur [[Polytechnique Montréal]].<ref group="Notes">[https://archivesdemontreal.ica-atom.org/augustin-frigon-1934 Augustin Frigon] (1888–1952) wasdulu anadalah engineerseorang insinyur, professorprofesor, anddan Director at theDirektur [[Polytechnique Montréal]]. HeIa alsojuga servedmenjabat assebagai Director ofDirektur Société Radio-Canada frommulai tahun 1944 àhingga 1952.</ref> Pada tahun 1912, mereka bekerja di proyek pembangunan jaringan distribusi listrik untuk kota [[Grand-Mère, Quebec|Grand-Mère]] di [[Sungai Saint-Maurice]]. Mereka bertugas merancang dan mengawasi pembangunan PLTA di Sungai Saint-Maurice.<ref name="SNC_Surveyor_1911"/> Perusahaan ini fokus pada hidraulik, manajemen konstruksi PLTA, dan pengendalian banjir, lalu berekspansi ke sektor industri, terutama pulp dan kertas, serta pertambangan dan metalurgi.

Pada tahun 1967, [[Camille Dagenais|Camille A. Dagenais]] {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC}}, menjadi presiden dan CEO SNC Group. Ia pun menduduki jabatan tersebut hingga tahun 1975.<ref name="SNC_Surveyor_1911"/><ref name="Dagenais_OC_1983">{{Cite web| title = Order of Canada| access-date = February 15, 2019| url = http://archive.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=381}}</ref> Dagenais kemudian mendapat [[Bintang Kanada]] atas pencapaiannya di SNC, terutama untuk proyek pengembangan PLTA berskala besar di Kanada dan seluruh dunia, contohnya di India dan Yunani.<ref name="Dagenais_OC_1983"/> Salah satu proyek terbesar yang ia awasi adalah [[Bendungan Daniel-Johnson|Manic-5]] milik [[Hydro-Québec]]<ref name="Linteau_1989"/><ref group="Notes">AccordingMenurut to historiansejarawan [[Paul-André Linteau]], indalam hiskaryanya 1989pada publicationtahun 1989, ''Histoire du Québec contemporain – Volume 2: Le Québec depuis 1930'', whennasionalisasi [[Hydro-Québec]] wasmenjadi nationalizedsimbol it"nasionalisme becamebaru aQuebec symboldan ofstrategi theekonomi "newbaru Quebec nationalism and of the new economic strategy of the State". The construction ofKonstruksi theBendungan Daniel-Johnson Dam anddan thekompleks Manic-Outardes complexmemiliki haddampak asimbolis greateryang symboliclebih impactbesar, askarena itmerupakan wasbagian part of thedari "largerkonteks sosial socialdan andpolitik politicalyang contextlebih ofbesar thedari [[QuietRevolusi RevolutionTenang]] indi Quebec.</ref> (1959–1970) di [[Sungai Manicouagan]], utara [[Baie-Comeau]].<ref name="Dagenais_OC_1983"/> Manic-5 dibangun untuk membangkitkan listrik.<ref name="ontmu">{{cite web|title=Canada's Coming of Age: 1945-1970: Daniel Johnson Dam, Quebec |url=https://www.rom.on.ca/en/collections-research/blog/category/Library%20and%20Archives |publisher=Hydro-Québec Archives through Royal Ontario Museum | access-date = February 15, 2019 }}</ref><ref name="suite">{{cite web|last= Guimont|first=Andréanne|title=Manic 5: witness the colossal genius in Quebec hydropower|url=http://canada.suite101.fr/article.cfm/manic-5--colossal-temoin-du-genie-quebecois-en-hydroelectricite|publisher=suite101.fr|access-date=19 August 2010|date=August 3, 2010}}</ref><ref name="ROM_2006">{{Cite web| last = Hydro-Québec| title = Daniel Johnson Dam, Quebec| format = still image| access-date = 2019-02-15| url = http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/edu/ViewLoitDa.do;jsessionid=067E9190911098E632241ACE02082064?method=preview&lang=EN&id=1051 |series=Virtual Museum |publisher=[[Royal Ontario Museum]]|date=2006}}</ref><ref name="Linteau_1989">{{citation|publisher = Boréal |isbn = 2-89052-298-9 |last = Linteau |first = Paul-André |title = Histoire du Québec contemporain - Volume 2: Le Québec depuis 1930 |location = Montreal|series = Boréal Compact|year = 1989 |language=fr}}</ref>{{rp|466}} Pada tahun 1963, perusahaan ini mendapat kontrak pertamanya dari luar Kanada, yakni untuk merancang dan membangun PLTA [[Bendungan Idukki|Idukki]] berkapasitas 780 MW di Kerala, India.