Kuwait: Perbedaan antara revisi

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=== Seni ===
[[File:Mubarkiya play.jpg|thumb|250px|Sebuah drama teater berjudul "Fateh Masr" di sekolah Al Mubarikya pada tahun 1940-an.]]
 
Kuwait memiliki industri seni pertunjukan tertua di Jazirah Arab.<ref name="ktv">{{cite thesis|url=https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5088&context=etd|first=Ahmad|last=Hamada|title=The Integration History of Kuwaiti Television from 1957-1990: An Audience-Generated Oral Narrative on the Arrival and Integration of the Device in the City|publisher=[[Virginia Commonwealth University]]|date=2015}}</ref> Industri drama televisi Kuwait adalah industri drama Teluk Arab terbesar dan paling aktif dan setiap tahun memproduksi minimal lima belas serial.<ref name="omn" /><ref name="ahma">{{cite encyclopedia|editor-first1=Andrew|editor-last1=Hammond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P57PDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA143|title=Pop Culture in North Africa and the Middle East: Entertainment and Society Around the World|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=California|date=2017|pages=143–144|isbn=9781440833847}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://omanobserver.om/closer-cultural-relations-two-countries/|title=Closer cultural relations between the two countries|quote=The Kuwaiti television is considered the most active in the Gulf Arab region, as it has contributed to the development of television drama in Kuwait and the Persian Gulf region. Therefore, all the classics of the Gulf television drama are today Kuwaiti dramas by Kuwaiti actors|newspaper=[[Oman Daily Observer]]|date=20 February 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415200332/http://omanobserver.om/closer-cultural-relations-two-countries/|archive-date=15 April 2017|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> Kuwait adalah pusat produksi utama drama televisi dan adegan komedi Teluk.<ref name="ahma" /> Sebagian besar drama televisi Teluk dan produksi komedi difilmkan di Kuwait.<ref name="ahma" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.broadcastprome.com/content-creation/big-plans-for-small-screens/#.VwhXXvl97IV|title=Big plans for small screens|work=BroadcastPro Me|quote=Around 90% of Khaleeji productions take place in Kuwait.|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423065348/http://www.broadcastprome.com/content-creation/big-plans-for-small-screens/#.VwhXXvl97IV|archive-date=23 April 2016|access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Constantinos|last=Papavassilopoulos|url=https://technology.ihs.com/496709/osn-targets-new-markets-by-enriching-its-arabic-content-offering|title=OSN targets new markets by enriching its Arabic content offering|work=[[IHS Inc.]]|date=10 April 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422205143/https://technology.ihs.com/496709/osn-targets-new-markets-by-enriching-its-arabic-content-offering|archive-date=22 April 2016|access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref> Opera sabun Kuwait adalah sinetron yang paling banyak ditonton dari wilayah Teluk.<ref name="omn">{{cite news|first=Fahad|last=Al Mukrashi|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/omanis-turn-their-backs-on-local-dramas-1.1568086|title=Omanis turn their backs on local dramas|newspaper=Gulf News|date=22 August 2015|quote=Kuwait's drama industry tops other Gulf drama as it has very prominent actors and actresses, enough scripts and budgets, produces fifteen serials annually at least.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425210746/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/omanis-turn-their-backs-on-local-dramas-1.1568086|archive-date=25 April 2016}}</ref><ref name="fattah">{{cite news|first=Nawara|last=Fattahova|url=http://news.kuwaittimes.net/first-kuwaiti-horror-movie-to-be-set-in-haunted-palace-chilling-news-for-film-buffs/|title=First Kuwaiti horror movie to be set in "haunted" palace|quote=Kuwait's TV soaps and theatrical plays are among the best in the region and second most popular after Egypt in the Middle East.|newspaper=Kuwait Times|date=26 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518100511/http://news.kuwaittimes.net/first-kuwaiti-horror-movie-to-be-set-in-haunted-palace-chilling-news-for-film-buffs/|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Bjørn T.|last=Asheim|title=An Innovation driven Economic Diversification Strategy for Kuwait|url=http://www.kfas.org/media/06ad8542-ef34-42b1-a274-1d854f5c9407/CtBx-A/Studies%20and%20Research%20Papers/An%20Innovation%20driven%20Economic%20Diversification%20Strategy%20for%20Kuwait.pdf|publisher=Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences|pages=9|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710120935/http://kfas.org/media/06ad8542-ef34-42b1-a274-1d854f5c9407/CtBx-A/Studies%20and%20Research%20Papers/An%20Innovation%20driven%20Economic%20Diversification%20Strategy%20for%20Kuwait.pdf|archive-date=10 July 2017|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> Sinetron paling populer selama bulan Ramadhan, ketika keluarga berkumpul untuk berbuka puasa.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theasian.asia/archives/87665|title=Kuwaiti Drama Museum: formulating thoughts of the Gulf|date=23 May 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427062226/http://www.theasian.asia/archives/87665|archive-date=27 April 2016|access-date=20 April 2016}}</ref> Meskipun biasanya dipertunjukkan dalam dialek Kuwait, pertunjukan ini sukses sampai ke Tunisia.<ref>{{cite book |first=Peter |last=Mansfield |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uzy_AAAAIAAJ |title=Kuwait: vanguard of the Gulf |publisher=Hutchinson |date=1990 |page=113 |isbn=9780091736040 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416061149/https://books.google.com/books?id=Uzy_AAAAIAAJ&q |archive-date=16 April 2017}}</ref> Kuwait sering disebut sebagai "Hollywood Teluk" karena popularitas sinetron dan teater televisinya.<ref name="Hollywood">{{cite book|first1=Fatima|last1=Alsalem|url=https://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0238/chapters/10.11647/obp.0238.10|title=Kuwait From "Hollywood of the Gulf" to Social Media Diwaniyas|series=Global Communications |year=2021|volume=3 |pages=163–180|doi=10.11647/obp.0238 |isbn=978-1-80064-059-7 |s2cid=234896146 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticlePrintPage.aspx?id=2478560&language=ar|title=Kuwait Cultural Days kick off in Seoul|work=[[Kuwait News Agency]]|language=ar|date=18 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713142819/http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticlePrintPage.aspx?id=2478560&language=ar|archive-date=13 July 2016}}</ref>
 
Kuwait memiliki gerakan seni modern tertua di Jazirah Arab.<ref name="movemnt">{{cite encyclopedia|editor-first1=Jonathan|editor-last1=Bloom|editor-first2=Blair|editor-last2=Sheila|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=RA1-PA405|edition=2009|title=Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture: Three-Volume Set|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=London|date=2009|page=405|isbn=978-0-19-530991-1|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430090859/https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC|archive-date=30 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|editor-first1=Sherifa |editor-last1=Zuhur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MOVPaLXjjsAC|edition=2001 |title=Colors of Enchantment: Theater, Dance, Music, and the Visual Arts of the Middle East|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|location=New York|date=2001|page=383|isbn=9781617974809}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Bjørn T.|last=Asheim|title=An Innovation driven Economic Diversification Strategy for Kuwait|url=http://www.kfas.org/media/06ad8542-ef34-42b1-a274-1d854f5c9407/CtBx-A/Studies%20and%20Research%20Papers/An%20Innovation%20driven%20Economic%20Diversification%20Strategy%20for%20Kuwait.pdf|publisher=Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences|pages=49–50|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710120935/http://kfas.org/media/06ad8542-ef34-42b1-a274-1d854f5c9407/CtBx-A/Studies%20and%20Research%20Papers/An%20Innovation%20driven%20Economic%20Diversification%20Strategy%20for%20Kuwait.pdf|archive-date=10 July 2017|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> Mulai tahun 1936, Kuwait menjadi negara Teluk Arab pertama yang memberikan beasiswa dalam bidang seni.<ref name=movemnt /> Seniman Kuwait Mojeb al-Dousari adalah seniman visual paling awal yang dikenal di kawasan Teluk Arab.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sultan Sooud |last=Al Qassemi |url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/11/gulf-visual-arts-modern-indigenous-tradition-misconception.html# |title=Correcting misconceptions of the Gulf's modern art movement |newspaper=Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East |date=22 November 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129020838/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/11/gulf-visual-arts-modern-indigenous-tradition-misconception.html |archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> Ia dianggap sebagai pendiri seni potret di wilayah tersebut.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ateliervoyage.com/destinations/?land=kuwait |title=Kuwait |website=Atelier Voyage |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129051742/http://ateliervoyage.com/destinations/?land=kuwait |archive-date=29 November 2014 |access-date=16 November 2014}}</ref> Galeri Sultan adalah galeri seni Arab profesional pertama di Teluk.<ref>{{cite web |first=Kristine |last=Khouri |title=Mapping Arab Art through the Sultan Gallery |date=15 April 2014 |url=http://arteeast.org/quarterly/mapping-arab-art-through-the-sultan-gallery/ |publisher=ArteEast |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011010704/http://arteeast.org/quarterly/mapping-arab-art-through-the-sultan-gallery/ |archive-date=11 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Sultan Gallery – Kristine Khouri|website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jsr5SSWKfPQ|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118010904/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jsr5SSWKfPQ|archive-date=18 January 2016}}</ref>
 
=== Sastra ===
 
== Catatan ==