Paganisme: Perbedaan antara revisi
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==== Muhammad dan Islamisasi di Jazirah Arab ====
Kebanyakan kaum pagan Arab menjadi hampir punah selama zaman [[Muhammad]] melalui proses [[Islamisasi]].<ref name="sealednectar2">{{citation|title=The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA245|first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|isbn=978-9960-899-55-8|pages=245–246}}</ref><ref name="online">Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=nmUrN0B8cvQC&pg=PA139 Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 2 (Part 2): Al-Baqarah 142 to Al-Baqarah 252 2nd Edition], p. 139, MSA Publication Limited, 2009, ISBN 1861796765. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160116191746/http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content online])</ref><ref name="online"/> Bulan-bulan suci kaum pagan Arab yaitu bulan ke-1, ke-7, ke-11, dan ke-12 dalam kalender Islam.<ref name="The Sealed Nectar Free Version">Mubarakpuri, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA129 The Sealed Nectar (Free Version)]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, p. 129</ref> Setelah Muhammad menaklukkan [[Mekkah]], ia mulai mengonversi kaum pagan.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfnXAAAAMAAJ&dq=Hatim|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=380}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{citation|title=The Sealed Nectar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA269| first=Saifur|last=Rahman al-Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|page=269}}</ref><ref name="Mufti Dec 2007 103">{{citation|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oiAtbfbHgVoC&pg=PA103| first=M. Mukarram Ahmed|last=Mufti|year=Dec 2007|publisher=Anmol Publications Pvt Ltd
|isbn=978-81-261-2339-1|page=103}}</ref> Salah satu kampanye militer yang diperintahkan Muhammad terhadap kaum pagan Arab yaitu [[Penghancuran Dzul Khalashah]]. Peristiwa itu terjadi pada bulan April dan Mei 632 M, pada tahun 10 H dalam Kalender Islam. [[Dzul Khalashah]] disebut sebagai sebuah berhala maupun kuil, dan dikenal beberapa kalangan sebagai Ka'bah Yaman, yang dibangun dan dipuja oleh suku-suku pagan.<ref name=b3>{{cite book| title= Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=VHufEXRlR6EC&pg=PA297 | first= William|last= Robertson Smith|year= 2010|publisher= Forgotten Books| isbn= 978-1-4400-8379-2| page = 297}}</ref><ref name=b2>{{cite book|title=Who Was Jesus?: Conspiracy in Jerusalem|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=yWzcsddrx_wC&pg=PA146 | first= Kamal|last= S. Salibi|year= 2007|publisher= Tauris Parke Paperbacks|isbn= 978-1-8451-1314-8 | page = 146}}</ref><ref name= b4>{{cite book|title= The life of Mahomet | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=YTwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA219| first = William | last= Muir | year= August 1878|publisher=Kessinger Publishing |page=219}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=When the Moon Split|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=xJL6gxPUV4EC&pg=PA296 | first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri |year=2002|publisher=DarusSalam|isbn=978-9960-897-28-8|page= 296}}</ref><ref name= b5>{{cite book |title= The new encyclopedia of Islam| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=focLrox-frUC&pg=PA251| first= Cyril| last= Glasse | year = 28 Jan 2003 | publisher = AltaMira Press | place = US |isbn=978-0-7591-0190-6|page=251}}</ref><ref>{{Hadith-usc|bukhari|5|59|641}}</ref><ref name=b7>{{cite book|last=Dermenghem|first= Émile|url= https://books.google.com/?id=TMrXAAAAMAAJ&dq=khalasa|title= The life of Mahomet|year=1930|publisher=G. Routledge|isbn=978-9960-897-71-4|page=239 | quote = Five hundred horsemen went to Dhul Khalasa to demolish the Yemenite Ka'ba}}</ref><ref name= b6>{{cite book|last= Ibn al Kalbi|first= Hisham|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=G4HXAAAAMAAJ| title= The book of idols: being a translation from the Arabic of the Kitāb al-asnām|year=1952|publisher=Princeton University Press|asin= B002G9N1NQ|pages= 31–2}}</ref><ref name="Scribd">{{citation | url = http://www.scribd.com/doc/34864705/The-Book-of-Idols | publisher = Scribd | title = The Book of Idols}}.</ref>
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== Kekristenan sebagai Pagan ==
[[Kekristenan]] adalah salah satu [[agama Abrahamik]] dan [[monoteisme|monoteistik]].<ref name="Monotheism">Christianity's status as monotheistic is affirmed in, among other sources, the ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' (article "[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10499a.htm Monotheism]"); [[William F. Albright]], ''From the Stone Age to Christianity''; [[H. Richard Niebuhr]]; About.com, [http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/monotheisticreligions/ ''Monotheistic Religion resources''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060521180942/http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/monotheisticreligions/ |date=2006-05-21 }}; Kirsch, ''God Against the Gods''; Woodhead, ''An Introduction to Christianity''; [[Columbia Encyclopedia|The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia]] [http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0833762.html ''Monotheism'']; The New Dictionary of [[Cultural Literacy]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20071212011435/http://www.bartleby.com/59/5/monotheism.html ''monotheism'']; ''New Dictionary of Theology'', [http://www.ntwrightpage.com/Wright_NDCT_Paul.htm ''Paul''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704060440/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10499a.htm |date=2018-07-04 }}, pp. 496–99; Meconi. "Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity". p. 111f.</ref><ref name="britannica.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/115240/Christianity|title=Christianity|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|accessdate=25 March 2015}}</ref> Kaum Yahudi terkadang memersepsikannya sebagai salah satu bentuk [[politeisme]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=489&letter=C&search=polytheism%20christianity|title=CHRISTIANITY IN ITS RELATION TO JUDAISM - JewishEncyclopedia.com|publisher=|accessdate=25 March 2015}}</ref> karena doktrin Kristen tentang [[Tritunggal]] (yang secara sekilas tampak seperti [[Triteisme]])<ref>Chapman, John (1912). [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15061b.htm "Tritheists"], ''The Catholic Encyclopedia'', Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 17 May 2011.</ref> atau perayaan sejumlah hari keagamaan yang awalnya dianggap berkaitan dengan agama-agama pagan<ref>[[Christianised calendar]]</ref> dan praktik-praktik lainnya – melalui suatu proses yang dideskripsikan sebagai "membaptis"<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asharqalawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=2&id=6465 |title=The Pope, The Emperor and the Persian Leader |access-date=2016-11-11 |archive-date=2008-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220123141/http://asharqalawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=2&id=6465 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> atau "[[Kristenisasi]]". Bahkan di antara kalangan Kristen, terdapat tuduhan-tuduhan serupa sehubungan dengan [[penyembahan berhala]], khususnya oleh kalangan [[Protestanisme|Protestan]],<ref>'[[Philip Melanchthon]] 'Apologia Confessionis Augustanae'</ref><ref>[[Jean Seznec]] ''The Survival of the Pagan Gods''</ref> terhadap [[Gereja Katolik Roma]] dan [[Kekristenan Timur|Gereja-Gereja Timur]] atas [[venerasi]] ("penghormatan") yang mereka lakukan pada [[santo|orang-orang kudus]] dan [[Ikon (Kristen Timur)|gambar-gambar]]. [[Arthur Weigall]], seorang ahli Mesir kuno dari Inggris, berpendapat bahwa doktrin-doktrin penting Kekristenan telah dipengaruhi oleh paganisme atau okultisme Eropa.<ref>"Paganism in Our Christianity", by Arthur Weigall</ref>
== Agama etnik bangsa Eropa pra-Kristen ==
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