Khidr: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|predecessor=[[Yusya|Yusya bin Nun]]
|successor=[[Luqman al-Hakim|Luqman]]}}}}
'''Al-Khidr''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|x|ɪ|d|ə|r}}) ({{lang-ar|ٱلْخَضِر|al-Khaḍir}}) {{aka}} '''Khadir, Khadr, Khidir''' adalah sosok yang dijelaskan tetapi tidak disebutkan namanya dalam [[al-Qur'an]] sebagai hamba [[Allah]] yang saleh yang memiliki kebijaksanaan besar atau pengetahuan mistik. Dalam berbagai tradisi [[Islam]] dan non-Islam, Khidr digambarkan sebagai utusan, [[nabi]] atau [[wali]],<ref>Brannon Wheeler ''Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Quran and Muslim Exegesis'' A&C Black 2002 {{ISBN|978-0-826-44956-6}} page 225</ref><ref>Bruce Privratsky ''Muslim Turkistan: Kazak Religion and Collective Memory'' Routledge, 19 Nov 2013 {{ISBN|9781136838170}} p. 121</ref> yang menjaga laut, mengajarkan ilmu rahasia<ref>John P. Brown ''The Darvishes: Or Oriental Spiritualism'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-1-135-02990-6}} page 100</ref> dan membantu mereka yang berada di dalam kesulitan.<ref>M. C. Lyons ''The Arabian Epic: Volume 1, Introduction: Heroic and Oral Story-telling'' Cambridge University Press 2005 {{ISBN|9780521017381}} p. 46</ref> Dia cenderung ditonjolkan sebagai wali Islam, [[Ibnu Arabi]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Reynolds |first=Gabriel Said |title=Angels |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23204 |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23204 |date=2009 |isbn=9789004181304}}</ref> Sosok Khidr telah [[Sinkretisme|disinkronkan]] dari waktu ke waktu dengan berbagai tokoh lainnya termasuk ''Dūraoša''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iranicaonline.org/|title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica|website=iranicaonline.org}}</ref> dan [[Sroush|Sroūsh]] di Iran,<ref>Gürdal Aksoy, ''Dersim: Alevilik, Ermenilik, Kürtlük'', Ankara, 2012, p. 65-80, Dipnot yayınevi (in Turkish), {{ISBN|9786054412501}}; Anna Krasnowolska, ''ḴEZR'', Encyclopedia Iranica, 2009</ref><ref name="ḴEŻR – Encyclopaedia Iranica">{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kezr-prophet |title=ḴEŻR – Encyclopaedia Iranica |website=Iranicaonline.org |access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/16493921 |title="Hızır versus Hızır: Kültür Tarihi, Din Sosyolojisi ve Astroloji Bağlamında Dersim Aleviliğinde Xızır", in Kızılbaşlık, Alevilik, Bektaşilik (Tarih-Kimlik-İnanç-Ritüel), Derleyenler: Yalçın Çakmak - İmran Gürtaş, İstanbul, 2015: İletişim | Gürdal Aksoy |website=Academia.edu |date=1970-01-01 |access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> [[Sargis Zoravar]]<ref>Aksoy 2012, p. 65-80; Elizabeth Key Fowden, ''The Barbarian Plain: Saint Sergius between Rome and Iran'', Berkeley, 1999, University of California Press; F.W. Hasluck, 'Ambiguous Sanctuaries and Bektashi Propaganda', ''The Annual of the British School at Athens'', Vol. 20 (1913/1914), p. 101-2</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://rbedrosian.com/Folklore/Hasluck_1913_1914_Sanctuaries.pdf |title=Ambiguous Sanctuaries and Bektashi Propaganda |access-date=2014-09-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628120236/http://rbedrosian.com/Folklore/Hasluck_1913_1914_Sanctuaries.pdf |archive-date=2014-06-28 }}</ref> dan [[Georgius|Saint George]] di [[Asia Kecil]] dan [[Levant]] ([[Suriah]]),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Adil |first1=Nazim |title=Saint George (Khidr) Slays the Dragon and Becomes a Saint |url=https://sufilive.com/Saint-George-Khidr-as-Slays-the-Dragon-and-Becomes-a-Saint--1797.html |website=SufiLive |publisher=[[Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order]] |access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref> [[Sammael]] (penuntut ilahi) dalam [[Yudaisme]], [[Elia]] di antara [[Druze]], [[Yohanes Pembaptis]] di [[Armenia]], dan [[Jhuhelal imam Sufi|Jhulelal]]<ref name="Kumar2014">{{cite book|work=Contemporary Hinduism|last=Kumar|first=P. Pratap|date=2014-09-11|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Wd_BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|access-date=2020-07-04 |publisher=[[Routledge]]|page=121|chapter=Contemporary Hinduism in North India|title=Sindhi Hindus|isbn=9781317546368}}</ref> di Sindh dan Punjab di Asia Selatan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jatt |first1=Zahida Rehman |title=Jhulay Lal's cradle of tolerance |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1185942 |website=Dawn News |date=3 June 2015 |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref><ref>Theo Maarten van Lint, "The Gift of Poetry: Khidr and John the Baptist as Patron Saints of Muslim and Armenian šīqs – Ašułs", Van Ginkel J.J., [[Heleen Murre-van den Berg|Murre-van den Berg H.L.]], Van Lint T.M. (eds.), ''Redefining Christian Identity. Cultural Interaction in the Middle East since the Rise of Islam'', Leuven-Paris-Dudley, Peeters, 2005 (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 134), p. 335-378 {{ISBN|90-42914181}}</ref><ref>H.S. Haddad, "Georgic" Cults and Saints of the Levant, ''Numen'', Vol. 16, Fasc. 1, Apr. 1969, p. 21-39, see {{JSTOR|3269569}}; J. Mackley, "St. George: patron saint of England?", paper presented to: Staff Researches Seminar, University of Northapmton, 5 May 2011</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Raz |first=Dan Savery |title=Israel's forgotten tribe |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20130820-israels-forgotten-tribe |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/4030/8/Mackley20114030.pdf |author=Mackley, J. |title=St George: patron saint of England? |date=5 May 2011 |website=Nectar.northampton.ac.uk |access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis |title=Image and Community: Representations of Military Saints in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean |degree=PhD |last=Badamo |first=Heather A. |publisher=University of Michigan |date=2011 |hdl=2027.42/89747}}</ref>
Meskipun tidak disebutkan namanya di dalam Al-Qur'an, ia disebut oleh para cendekiawan Muslim sebagai sosok yang dijelaskan dalam [[al-Qur'an]] [[Surah Al-Kahf|18:65–82]] sebagai hamba Tuhan yang telah diberi "ilmu" dan yang didampingi dan ditanyai oleh nabi [[Yudaisme|Yahudi]], [[Musa]] tentang banyak tindakan yang tampaknya tidak adil atau tidak pantas yang dia (Khidr) lakukan (menenggelamkan kapal, membunuh seorang pemuda, membalas ketidakramahan dengan memperbaiki tembok). Di akhir cerita Khidr menjelaskan keadaan yang tidak diketahui Musa, membuat setiap tindakan yang dilakukannya menjadi adil dan pantas.
== Etimologi ==
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