Sunni: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Islam Sunni}}{{Islam}}
'''Sunni''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|uː|n|i|,_|ˈ|s|ʊ|n|i|}}, [[Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia|KBBI]]: '''Suni''') adalah cabang (firkah) terbesar [[Islam]], yang dianut 85–90% populasi penduduk Muslim. Namanya berasal dari kata ''[[Sunnah]]'', yakni meneladani apa yang telah diajarkan Nabi Islam [[Muhammad]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Sunni Islam|editor=John L. Esposito|encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2014|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280}}</ref> Perbedaan Sunni dengan [[Shia Islam|Syiah]] berkaitan dengan pertentangan tentang siapa yang pantas sebagai [[penerus Nabi Muhammad|penerus Muhammad]] yang berujung pada perbedaan antara [[Akidah Islam|akidah]] dan [[fikih]].<ref name="EMMENA">{{cite encyclopedia|author=Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi|title=Sunni Islam|editor=Philip Mattar|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa|publisher=MacMillan Reference|year=2004|edition=Second}}</ref> Menurut tradisi Sunni, Muhammad tidak memiliki penerus dan orang-orang yang terlibat dalam peristiwa [[Saqifah]] menunjuk [[Abu Bakr|Abu Bakar]] sebagai [[khalifah]].<ref name="EMMENA" /><ref name="FitzpatrickWalkerP3">{{cite book|last1=Fitzpatrick|first1=Coeli|last2=Walker|first2=Adam Hani|year=2014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2AtvBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3|title=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1610691789|page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Madelung|first=Wilferd|year=1997|url=https://archive.org/details/TheSuccessionToMuhammadByWilferdMadelung/page/n47|title=The Succession to Muhammad|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521646960|page=xi|author-link=Wilferd Madelung}}</ref> Hal ini berbeda dengan pandangan [[Syiah#Penerus Ali|Syiah]], yang menganggap bahwa Muhammad menunjuk [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]] sebagai penerusnya.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jafri|first=Syed Husain Mohammad|date=27 August 1976|title=The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam (Millennium (Series)) (The Millennium (Series).)|location=Karachi, Pakistan|publisher=Oxford University Press (First Published By Longman Group Ltd and Librairie du Liban 1979)|isbn=978-0195793871|pages=19–21|quote=The Shi'a unequivocally take the word in the meaning of leader, master and patron and therefore the explicitly nominated successor of the Prophet. The Sunnis, on the other hand, interpret the word mawla in the meaning of a friend or the nearest kin and confidant.}}</ref>
Orang yang menganut cabang Islam ini lebih menyebut dirinya sebagai "ahli sunah", atau lebih lengkapnya '''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|ahlussunnah wal-jamāʻah}}''' ("orang yang mengikuti Sunnah dan berada dalam golongan Jamaah"). Pengikut dari ''ahlus-sunnah'' dikenal dengan sebutan Sunni. Sunni sering dijuluki sebagai "Islam Ortodoks",<ref>{{cite book|author1=John Richard Thackrah|date=2013|title=Dictionary of Terrorism|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1135165956|edition=2, revised|page=252}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|date=2009|title=The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9004172739|editor1-last=Nasir|editor1-first=Jamal J.|edition=revised|page=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=George W. Braswell|date=2000|title=What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims|url=https://archive.org/details/whatyouneedtokno0000bras|publisher=B&H Publishing Group|isbn=978-0805418293|edition=illustrated|page=[https://archive.org/details/whatyouneedtokno0000bras/page/62 62]}}</ref> meski banyak ulama dan pakar agama menentangnya.<ref>An Introduction to the Hadith. John Burton. Published by Edinburgh University Press. 1996. p. 201. Cite: "Sunni: Of or pertaining ''sunna'', especially the ''Sunna'' of the Prophet. Used in conscious opposition to Shi'a, Shi'í. There being no ecclesia or centralized magisterium, the translation 'orthodox' is inappropriate. To the Muslim 'unorthodox' implies heretical, ''mubtadi'', from ''bid'a'', the contrary of ''sunna'' and so 'innovation'."</ref>
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