Nepal: Perbedaan antara revisi

Sebagai [[negara sekuler]], sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Konstitusi Nepal 2012 (Bagian 1, Pasal 4), Nepal menjamin [[kebebasan beragama]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 September 2015|title=The Constitution of Nepal|url=https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/np/np029en.pdf|access-date=7 May 2021|work=Nepal Gazette}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Constitution of Napal (in Nepali)|url=http://mohp.gov.np/downloads/Constitution%20of%20Nepal_2072_Nepali.pdf|access-date=7 May 2021|website=mohp.gov.np/|archive-date=2021-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302164626/https://mohp.gov.np/downloads/Constitution%20of%20Nepal_2072_Nepali.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sensus 2011 melaporkan bahwa agama dengan jumlah pengikut terbesar di Nepal adalah [[Agama Hindu|Hindu]] (81,3% dari populasi), diikuti oleh [[Agama Buddha|Buddha]] (9%); sisanya adalah [[Islam di Nepal|Islam]] (4,4%), [[Kirat Mundhum|Kirant]] (3,1%), [[Kekristenan|Kristen]] (1,4%) dan ''Prakriti'' atau pemujaan alam (0,5%).{{sfn|2011 National Census|pp=4, 184}} Berdasarkan persentase populasi, Nepal memiliki populasi umat Hindu terbesar di dunia,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/religion101/2012/11/hindu-demographics-denominations-part-one.html|title=Hindu Demographics & Denominations (Part One)|date=28 November 2012|website=Religion 101|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821130245/https://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/religion101/2012/11/hindu-demographics-denominations-part-one.html|archive-date=21 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> dan kedua setelah India dalam jumlah pemeluk.<ref name="PewDec2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-exec/|title=The Global Religious Landscape|date=December 2012|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=5 November 2018}}</ref> Nepal secara resmi adalah Kerajaan Hindu sampai baru-baru ini, dan [[Siwa]] dianggap sebagai dewa penjaga negara.<ref>''Anthologia anthropologica. The native races of Asia and Europe;'' by James George Frazer, Sir; Robert Angus Downie</ref> Meskipun banyak kebijakan pemerintah sepanjang sejarah telah mengabaikan atau meminggirkan agama minoritas, masyarakat Nepal umumnya menikmati toleransi beragama dan keharmonisan di antara semua agama, dengan hanya sedikit insiden kekerasan bermotivasi agama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/22579/|title=Eid highlights Nepal's religious tolerance|last=KHADKA|first=UPENDRA LAMICHHANE and BASANT|website=My Republica|language=en|access-date=2 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://np.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/79/NEPAL-2018-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUS-FREEDOM-REPORT.pdf|title=NEPAL-2018-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUS-FREEDOM-REPORT|publisher=US Embassy Nepal|access-date=1 December 2019}}</ref> Konstitusi Nepal tidak memberi siapa pun hak untuk mengubah siapa pun ke agama lain. Nepal juga mengesahkan undang-undang anti-konversi yang lebih ketat pada 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nepal: Nepal: Bill criminalises religious conversion|url=https://www.csw.org.uk/2017/08/21/press/3676/article.htm|access-date=5 February 2021|website=csw.org.uk}}</ref>

Bahasa kerja resmi di tingkat federal adalah [[bahasa Nepali]], tetapi konstitusi menetapkan setiap provinsi untuk memilih satu atau lebih bahasa kerja resmi tambahan.<ref name="constitution">{{cite web |title=The Constitution of Nepal |url=https://www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Constitution-of-Nepal.pdf |website=Nepal Law Commission |access-date=28 October 2021}}</ref> Komisi Bahasa Nepal pada 6 September 2021 merekomendasikan 14 bahasa resmi untuk berbagai provinsi di Nepal.<ref name="langcomreport">{{cite web |title=सरकारी कामकाजको भाषाका आधारहरूको निर्धारण तथा भाषासम्बन्धी सिफारिसहरू (पञ्चवर्षीय प्रतिवेदन- साराांश) २०७८ |url=https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |website=Language Commission |publisher=Language Commission |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=2021-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906171816/https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>