Bahasa Rusia: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 1:
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}{{short description|East Slavic language}}
{{distinguish|bahasa Rusyn|text=[[Bahasa Rusyn]]}}
{{Infobox Language
{{redirect-distinguish|name=Bahasa Rusia Besar|Rusia Besar}}
{{Infobox language
|nativename={{lang|ru|Русский Язык}}<br>{{transl|ru|ALA|''Russkiy Yazyk''}}
| name = Bahasa Rusia
|pronunciation={{IPA-ru|ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk|}}
| states = [[Rusia]], dan wilayah-wilayah lainnya yang pernah menjadi bagianlain daribekas [[Uni Soviet]]
| nativename = {{lang|ru|русский язык}}<ref group="cat.">Bahasa Rusia secara historis dipanggil sebagai "русский" ("''russkiy''") dan "российский" ("''rossiyskiy''") yang merupakan bentuk [[kata sifat]] dalam bahasa Rusia yang merujuk pada yang berarti "Bahasa Rusia" itu sendiri, lihat: [[Oleg Trubachyov]]. 2005. Русский&nbsp;– Российский. История, динамика, идеология двух атрибутов нации (hlm. 216–227). В поисках единства. Взгляд филолога на проблему истоков Руси., 2005. {{cite web|url=http://krotov.info/libr_min/19_t/ru/bachev.htm|access-date=25 Januari 2014|language=ru|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218214456/http://krotov.info/libr_min/19_t/ru/bachev.htm|archive-date=February 18, 2014|script-title=ru:РУССКИЙ – РОССИЙСКИЙ}}. Pada tahun 1830-an, nama tersebut berubah dikarenakan alasan perujukan untuk Rusia dan orang Rusia, lihat: [[Tomasz Kamusella]]. 2012. The Change of the Name of the Russian Language in Russian from Rossiiskii to Russkii: Did Politics Have Anything to Do with It? (hlm.&nbsp;73–96). ''Acta Slavica Iaponica''. Vol 32, {{cite web|url=http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/publictn/acta/32/04Kamusella.pdf|title=The Change of the Name of the Russian Language in Russian from Rossiiskii to Russkii: Did Politics Have Anything to Do with It?|access-date=7 Januari 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518165147/http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/publictn/acta/32/04Kamusella.pdf|archive-date=May 18, 2013}}</ref><br/>
| pronunciation = {{IPA-ru|ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk||Ru-russkiy jizyk.ogg}}
| region = [[Persebaran geografis penutur bahasa Rusia|Dunia berbahasa Rusia]]
| speakers = {{Significant figures|154|2}} juta
|ethnicity=[[Orang Rusia]]
| date = 2012
|native_to=
| ref = e21
|speakers=278 juta jiwa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eng.expert.ru/printissues/countries/2006/09/russkiy_yazyk_v_blizhayshem_zarubezhe/|title=How do you say that in Russian?|publisher=Expert|year=2006|accessdate=2008-02-26|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225132334/http://expert.ru/printissues/countries/2006/09/russkiy_yazyk_v_blizhayshem_zarubezhe/%20|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| speakers2 = [[Bahasa kedua|Penutur B2]]: {{Significant figures|110.4|2}} juta (2012)<ref name=e21/>
|rank=5<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www2.ignatius.edu/faculty/turner/languages.htm|title = The World's Most Widely Spoken Languages|accessdate = 16 May 2009|archive-date = 2011-09-27|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927062910/http://www2.ignatius.edu/faculty/turner/languages.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref>
| familycolor = Indo-European
|fam1 fam2 = [[Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa = {{PRBahasa|IndoBalto-Eropa]]Slavik}}
|fam2 fam3 = [[Rumpun bahasa Balto-Slavia = {{PRBahasa|Balto-Slavia]]}}
|fam3 fam4 = [[Rumpun bahasa Slavia = {{PRBahasa|Slavia]] timur}}
| ancestor = {{PBahasa|Proto-Indo-Eropa}}
|fam4 = [[Rumpun bahasa Slavia Timur|Slavia Timur]]
| ancestor2 = {{PBahasa|Proto-Balto-Slavia}}
|script=[[Alfabet Kiril]] ([[Alfabet Bahasa Rusia]])<br>[[Braille Bahasa Rusia]]
| ancestor3 = {{PBahasa|Proto-Slavia}}
|nation={{Collapsible list |titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; |title = [[Daftar entitas teritorial tempat bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi|11 negara]]|
| ancestor4 = {{PBahasa|Slavia Timur Kuno}}
|{{flag|Rusia}}:<br>
| script = [[huruf Sirilik|Sirilik]] ([[Alfabet bahasa Rusia]])<br/>[[Braille bahasa Rusia]]
* [[Berkas:Flag of Crimea.svg|20px]] [[Republik Krimea (negara)|Krimea]]{{NoteTag|The status of [[Crimea]] and of the city of [[Sevastopol]] is [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|under dispute between Russia and Ukraine]] since March 2014; Ukraine and the majority of the international community consider Crimea to be an [[autonomous republic]] of Ukraine and Sevastopol to be one of Ukraine's [[cities with special status]], whereas Russia, on the other hand, considers Crimea to be a [[federal subject of Russia]] and Sevastopol to be one of Russia's three [[federal cities of Russia|federal cities]].}}</small>
| nation = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=[[Daftar negara dan teritori yang menetapkan bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi|5 Negara anggota PBB]]|
{{flag|Belarus}} <small>(negara)</small><ref name=Belarus>{{cite web |url = http://president.gov.by/en/press19329.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502115338/http://president.gov.by/en/press19329.html|archivedate=2007-05-02 |title=Article 17. Constitution of the Republic of Belarus |website = President.gov.by |date=1998-05-11 |access-date=2013-06-18}}</ref><br />
|
{{flag|Kazakhstan}} <small>(bahasa resmi bersama)</small><ref name=Kazakhstan>{{cite web |first = N. |last = Nazarbaev
*{{flag|Russia}} <small>(negara)</small><ref name=RusConst>{{cite web |url=http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-01.htm |title=Article 68. Constitution of the Russian Federation |website=Constitution.ru |access-date=18 Juni 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606071041/http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-01.htm |archive-date=6 Juni 2013}}</ref>
|url = http://www.constcouncil.kz/eng/norpb/constrk/ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071020060732/http://www.constcouncil.kz/eng/norpb/constrk/ |archive-date=2007-10-20 |title=Article 7. Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan |website = Constcouncil.kz |date=2005-12-04 |access-date=2013-06-18}}</ref><br />
*{{flag|KirgizstanBelarus}} <small>(bahasa semi-resmi bersama)</small><ref name=KyrgyzstanBelarus>{{Citecite web |url=httpshttp://wwwpresident.gov.kgby/kyen/press19329.html|archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2012122212583020070502115338/http://wwwpresident.gov.kgby/?page_id=263en/press19329.html|urlarchive-statusdate=dead2Mei 2007 |title=ОфициальныйArticle сайт17. ПравительстваConstitution КР|archivedate=Decof 22,the Republic of Belarus 2012|website=GovPresident.kggov.by |accessdatedate=Feb11 16,Mei 20201998 |access-date=18 Juni 2013}}</ref><br />
*{{flag|Kazakhstan}} <small>(co-official)</small><ref name=Kazakhstan>{{cite web |first=N. |last=Nazarbaev
{{flag|Tajikistan}}<ref>{{cite web |title=КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН |url=http://prokuratura.tj/ru/legislation/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-tajikistan.html |website=prokuratura.tj |publisher=Parliament of Tajikistan |accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref> <br>
|url=http://www.constcouncil.kz/eng/norpb/constrk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020060732/http://www.constcouncil.kz/eng/norpb/constrk/ |archive-date=20 Oktober 2007 |title=Article 7. Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan |website=Constcouncil.kz |date=4 Desember 2005 |access-date=18 Juni 2013}}</ref><br/>
{{flag|Uzbekistan}} <small>(komunikasi antarsuku)</small><ref name="AA">{{cite web |author=Юрий Подпоренко |title = Бесправен, но востребован. Русский язык в Узбекистане |url = http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |year=2001 |publisher=Дружба Народов |access-date=27 May 2016 |url-status=live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160513012627/http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |archive-date=13 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name="Шухрат Хуррамов">{{cite web|author=Шухрат Хуррамов|title=Почему русский язык нужен узбекам? |url = http://365info.kz/2015/09/russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/|date=11 September 2015 |website=365info.kz |access-date=27 May 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160701175737/http://365info.kz/2015/09/russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |archive-date=1 July 2016 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="AB">{{cite web |author=Евгений Абдуллаев |title=Русский язык: жизнь после смерти. Язык, политика и общество в современном Узбекистане |url = http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html |year=2009 |publisher=Неприкосновенный запас |access-date=27 May 2016|url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160623201807/http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html|archive-date=23 June 2016 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
*{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} <small>(semi-resmi)</small><ref name=Kyrgyzstan>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.kg/ky|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222125830/http://www.gov.kg/?page_id=263|url-status=dead|title=Официальный сайт Правительства КР|archive-date=22 Desember 2012|website=Gov.kg|access-date=16 Februari 2020}}</ref>
{{flag|Ukraina}}
*{{flag|Tajikistan}} <small>(bahasa antar-etnis yang ditetapkan oleh konstitusi)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН |url=http://prokuratura.tj/ru/legislation/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-tajikistan.html |website=prokuratura.tj |publisher=Parliament of Tajikistan |access-date=9 Januari 2020}}</ref>
{{flag|Turkmenistan}} <small>(komunikasi antarsuku)</small><br />
}}
{{flag|Moldova}}:
 
* {{flag|Gagauzia}} <small>(bahasa resmi bersama)</small><ref name=Gagauzia>{{cite web |url=http://www.gagauzia.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=389&id=240 |title = Article 16. Legal code of Gagauzia (Gagauz-Yeri) |website = Gagauzia.md |date=2008-08-05 |access-date=2013-06-18 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513170728/http://www.gagauzia.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=389&id=240 |archive-date=2013-05-13 }}</ref>
<br />{{Collapsible list |titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=Sebagai bahasa antar-etnis, tetapi tidak memiliki status resmi ataupun hanya [[Daftar negara dan teritori yang menetapkan bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi|resmi di tingkat regional]]|
* {{flag|Transnistria}} <small>(bahasa resmi bersama)</small>
*{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<ref group="cat.">Menurut Undang-Undang Republik Uzbekistan, bahasa Rusia tidak mendapatkan status bahasa resmi apapun. Ketentuan tersebut hanya menyatakan bahwa "Atas permintaan warga negara, teks dokumen yang disusun oleh notaris negara atau orang yang bertindak sebagai notaris harus diterbitkan dalam bahasa Rusia dan jika mungkin dalam bahasa lain yang dapat diterima" {{cite web |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b4d328.html |title=Uzbekistan: Law "On Official Language" |access-date=13 November 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508060700/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b4d328.html |archive-date=8 Mei 2019}}</ref> <small>(sebagai bahasa antar-etnis meskipun mendapatkan status ''de jure'')</small><ref name="AA">{{cite web |author=Юрий Подпоренко |title=Бесправен, но востребован. Русский язык в Узбекистане |url=http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |year=2001 |publisher=Дружба Народов |access-date=27 Mei 2016 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513012627/http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |archive-date=13 Mei 2016}}</ref><ref name="Шухрат Хуррамов">{{cite web|author=Шухрат Хуррамов|title=Почему русский язык нужен узбекам? |url=http://365info.kz/2015/09/russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/|date=11 September 2015 |website=365info.kz |access-date=27 Mei 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701175737/http://365info.kz/2015/09/russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/ |archive-date=1 Juli 2016}}</ref><ref name="AB">{{cite web |author=Евгений Абдуллаев |title=Русский язык: жизнь после смерти. Язык, политика и общество в современном Узбекистане |url=http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html |year=2009 |publisher=Неприкосновенный запас |access-date=27 Mei 2016|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623201807/http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html|archive-date=23 Juni 2016}}</ref>
''Negara yang diakui sebagian:''<br />
*{{flag|Moldova}}:
{{flag|Abkhazia}}<ref name="partialrecognition">Abkhazia and South Ossetia are only [[international recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia|partially recognized countries]]</ref><small>(bahasa resmi bersama)</small><ref name=Abkhazia>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abkhaziagov.org/ru/state/sovereignty|title=Конституция Республики Абхазия|date=Jan 18, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118213155/http://www.abkhaziagov.org/ru/state/sovereignty|accessdate=Feb 16, 2020|archive-date=2009-01-18}}</ref><br />
** {{flag|Ossetia SelatanGagauzia}}<ref name="partialrecognition" /><small>(negarasemi-resmi)</small><ref name=OssetiaGagauzia>{{Citecite web |url=http://cominfwww.orggagauzia.md/node/1127818105pageview.php?l=en&idc=389&id=240 |title=WaybackArticle 16. Legal code of Gagauzia (Gagauz-Yeri) |website=Gagauzia.md Machine|date=Aug5 11,Agustus 2008 |access-date=18 Juni 2013 |url-status=live 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2009081102153620130513170728/http://cominfwww.orggagauzia.md/node/1127818105|accessdatepageview.php?l=Feb 16,en&idc=389&id=240 2020|archive-date=2009-08-1113 Mei 2013}}</ref><br />
** [[Satuan Administrasi Teritori Tepi kiri Dniester|Tepi kiri wilayah Dniester]] <small>(co-official)</small>
'''Organisasi:'''<br />
*{{UNOflag|Ukraina}}:
** {{flag|Krimea}}<ref group="cat.">Status [[Krimea]] dan kota [[Sevastopol]] saat ini [[Pencaplokan Krimea oleh Federasi Rusia|sedang disengketakan antara Rusia dan Ukraina]] sejak Maret 2014; Ukraina dan sebagian besar komunitas internasional menganggap Krimea sebagai [[republik otonom]] Ukraina dan Sevastopol sebagai salah satu [[kota dengan status khusus]] Ukraina, sedangkan Rusia, sebaliknya, menganggap Krimea sebagai [[subjek federal Rusia]] dan Sevastopol menjadi salah satu dari tiga [[kota federal Rusia|kota federal]]</ref>}}
* [[Badan Energi Atom Internasional|IAEA]]
 
* [[Organisasi Penerbangan Sipil Internasional|ICAO]]
<br />{{Collapsible list |titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=[[Daftar negara dan teritori yang menetapkan bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi|Negara yang diakui sebagian]]|
 
*{{flag|Abkhazia}}<ref group="cat." name="AOS">Abkhazia dan Ossetia selatan merupakan [[Pengakuan internasional terhadap Abkhazia dan Ossetia Selatan|negara yang diakui sebagian]].</ref><small>(semi resmi)</small><ref name=Abkhazia>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abkhaziagov.org/ru/state/sovereignty|title=Конституция Республики Абхазия|date=18 Januari 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118213155/http://www.abkhaziagov.org/ru/state/sovereignty|access-date=18 Februari 2020|archive-date=18 Januari 2009}}</ref>
*{{flag|Nagorno-Karabakh}}<ref group="cat." name="RAT">Republik Artsakh dan Transnistria hanya diakui oleh [[negara dengan pengakuan terbatas|negara non-anggota PBB]].</ref><small>(semi resmi)</small><ref>{{cite news |title=Russian Language To Get Official Status In Nagorno-Karabakh |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russian-language-official-status-nagorno-karabakh/31169752.html |newspaper=Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty |publisher=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |access-date=21 Maret 2021}}</ref>
*{{flag|Ossetia Selatan}}<ref group="cat." name="AOS"/><small>(semi resmi)</small><ref name=Ossetia>{{cite web |url=http://cominf.org/node/1127818105 |date=11 Agustus 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811021536/http://cominf.org/node/1127818105 |title=КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ЮЖНАЯ ОСЕТИЯ |trans-title=CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH OSSETIA |access-date=5 April 2021 |archive-date=11 Agustus 2009}}</ref>
*{{flag|Transnistria}}<ref group="cat." name="RAT"/><small>(resmi)</small><ref name="Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR">{{cite web |url=http://usefoundation.org/view/436 |title=Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR |publisher=U.S. English Foundation Research |date=2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921034927/http://usefoundation.org/view/436 |archive-date=21 September 2016 }}</ref>}}
 
<br />{{Collapsible list |titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=Organisasi|
{{flag|PBB}}:
* [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]]
* [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]]
* [[UNESCO]]
* [[OrganisasiWorld KesehatanHealth DuniaOrganization|WHO]]
[[PersemakmuranCommonwealth Negara-Negaraof MerdekaIndependent States|CIS]]<br />
[[Eurasian Economic Union|EAEU]]<br/>
[[Pakta Warsawa]] <small>(tidak ada)</small><br />
[[KomunitasCollective EkonomiSecurity EurasiaTreaty Organization|EAECCSTO]]<br />
[[OrganisasiShanghai TraktatCooperation Keamanan KolektifOrganisation|CSTOSCO]]<br />
[[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]<br/>
[[Comecon|CMEA]] <small>(tidak ada)</small><br />
[[Antarctic Treaty Secretariat|ATS]]<br/>
[[GUAM]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://guam-organization.org/en/node/450|title=Charter of Organization for democracy and economic development – GUAM – GUAM|website=guam-organization.org|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305201355/http://guam-organization.org/en/node/450|archivedate=2016-03-05|df=|date=2006-04-22}}</ref> <br />
[[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]}}
[[Organisasi Kerja Sama Shanghai|SCO]]<br />
| minority = {{collapsible list|
[[Berkas:OSCE logo.svg|22px]] [[Organisasi untuk Keamanan dan Kerja Sama di Eropa|OSCE]]<br />
{{flag|Republik Rakyat Tiongkok}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fujian.gov.cn/hdjl/hdjlzsk/mzzjt/mz/202209/t20220913_5991001.htm|title=少数民族的语言文字有哪些?|language=zh|website=fujian.gov.cn|date=13 September 2022|access-date=28 Oktober 2022|author=Ethnic Groups and Religious department, Fujian Provincial Government|archive-date=28 Oktober 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028081421/http://fujian.gov.cn/hdjl/hdjlzsk/mzzjt/mz/202209/t20220913_5991001.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><br/>
[[Sekretariat Perjanjian Antarktika|ATS]]<br />
{{flag|Romania}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=RO |title=Romania : Languages of Romania |website=Ethnologue.com |date=19 Februari 1999 |access-date=28 Januari 2016}}</ref><br/>
[[Berkas:ISO english logo.svg|22px]] [[Organisasi Standardisasi Internasional|ISO]]}}
{{flag|Armenia}}<ref name=No148>{{cite web |url=http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?NT=148&CM=8&DF=23/01/05&CL=ENG&VL=1 |title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148 (Status as of: 21/9/2011) |publisher=[[Dewan Eropa]] |access-date=22 Mei 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522083136/http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?NT=148&CM=8&DF=23%2F01%2F05&CL=ENG&VL=1 |archive-date=22 Mei 2012}}</ref><br/>
|agency=[[Institut Bahasa Rusia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ruslang.ru/ |title=Russian Language Institute |publisher=Ruslang.ru |date= |accessdate=2010-05-16}}</ref> <br /> [[Akademi Sains Rusia]]
{{flag|Polandia}}<ref name=No148/><br/>
|iso1=ru
{{flag|Republik Ceko}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ |title=National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic |publisher=Vlada.cz |access-date=22 Mei 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607051111/http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ |archive-date=7 Junj 2012}}</ref><br/>
|iso2=rus
{{flag|Slovakia}}<ref name=No148/><br/>
|iso3=rus
{{flag|Moldova}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://deschide.md/ro/stiri/politic/78929/Pre%C8%99edintele-CCM-Constitu%C8%9Bia-nu-confer%C4%83-limbii-ruse-un-statut-deosebit-de-cel-al-altor-limbi-minoritare.htm |title=Președintele CCM: Constituția nu conferă limbii ruse un statut deosebit de cel al altor limbi minoritare |publisher=Deschide.md |access-date=22 Januari 2021}}</ref><br/>
|notice=IPA
{{flag|Mongolia}}<ref name="auto">{{cite news|date=21 September 2006|script-title=ru:Русский язык в Монголии стал обязательным|language=ru|trans-title=Russian language has become compulsory in Mongolia|agency=New Region|url=http://www.nr2.ru/83966.html|url-status=dead|access-date=16 Mei 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009170315/http://www.nr2.ru/83966.html|archive-date=9 Oktober 2008}}</ref><br/>
|map=Idioma ruso.PNG|map2=Russian language status and proficiency in the World.svg|mapcaption=Wilayah tempat bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa mayoritas (biru sedang) atau bahasa minoritas (biru muda)|mapcaption2=Negara tempat bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi (biru tua) atau dipertuturkan sebagai bahasa pertama atau kedua sebesar 30% atau lebih dari populasi (teal)|ancestor=[[Bahasa Slavia Timur Kuno|Slavia Timur Kuno]]|minority={{flag|Romania}}<small> (daerah dan minoritas)</small>
{{flag|Ukraine}}<ref name="UAConstitution">[http://www.rada.gov.ua/const/conengl.htm#r1 Article 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521190059/http://www.rada.gov.ua/const/conengl.htm |date=21 Mei 2011}} dari Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa: "The state language of Ukraine is the Ukrainian language. The State ensures the comprehensive development and functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life throughout the entire territory of Ukraine. In Ukraine, the free development, use and protection of Russian, and other languages of national minorities of Ukraine, is guaranteed."</ref><br/>
* Jumlah munisipalitas di [[Tulcea]] dan [[Constanța]]{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}
}}
{{flag|Ukraina}}<small> (minoritas)</small>
| agency = [[Institut Bahasa Rusia]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruslang.ru/agens.php?id=aims |title=Russian Language Institute |website=Ruslang.ru |access-date=16 Mei 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719234135/http://www.ruslang.ru/agens.php?id=aims |archive-date=19 Juli 2010}}</ref> di [[Akademi Sains Rusia]]
{{flag|Israel}}<br />
| iso1 = ru
{{flag|Azerbaijan}}{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}<br />
| iso2 = rus
{{flag|Armenia}}<ref name=No148>{{cite web |url=http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?NT=148&CM=8&DF=23/01/05&CL=ENG&VL=1 |title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148 (Status as of: 21/9/2011) |publisher=[[Council of Europe]] |access-date=2012-05-22 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522083136/http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?NT=148&CM=8&DF=23%2F01%2F05&CL=ENG&VL=1 |archivedate=2012-05-22 |df= }}</ref><br />{{flag|Korea Utara}}<br />
| iso3 = rus
{{flag|Polandia}}<ref name=No148 /><br />
| lingua = 53-AAA-ea < [[East Slavic languages|53-AAA-e]]<br/>(varieties: 53-AAA-eaa to 53-AAA-eat)
{{flag|Ceko}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ |title=National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic |publisher=Vlada.cz |access-date=2012-05-22 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120607051111/http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ |archive-date=2012-06-07 }}</ref><br />
| image =
{{flag|Slowakia}}<ref name=No148 /><br />
| map = GeographicalExtentOfRussianLanguage.png
{{flag|Latvia}}<br />
| mapsize =
{{flag|Moldova}}{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}<br />
| mapcaption = {{Legend inline|#0080ff|Bahasa Rusia merupakan bahasa Mayoritas}}<br />
{{flag|Siprus}}<br />
{{Legend inline|#88c4ff|Bahasa Rusia merupakan bahasa Minoritas}}<br />
{{flag|Tiongkok}}<br />
{{Legend inline|#4488ca|Bahasa Rusia pernah dituturkan di wilayah terkait}}<br />
{{flag|Mongolia}}<br />
| notice = IPA
{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<ref>{{cite web|author=Юрий Подпоренко|title=Бесправен, но востребован. Русский язык в Узбекистане|url=http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/|year=2001|publisher=Дружба Народов|access-date=2016-05-27|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513012627/http://mytashkent.uz/2015/04/27/bespraven-no-vostrebovan-russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/|archivedate=2016-05-13|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Шухрат Хуррамов|title=Почему русский язык нужен узбекам?|url=http://365info.kz/2015/09/russkij-yazyk-v-uzbekistane/|date=2015-09-11|website=365info.kz|access-date=2016-05-27|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701175737/http://365info.kz/|archivedate=2016-07-01|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Евгений Абдуллаев|title=Русский язык: жизнь после смерти. Язык, политика и общество в современном Узбекистане |url = http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html |year=2009 |publisher=Неприкосновенный запас |access-date=2016-05-27 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623201807/http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2009/4/ab21.html|archivedate=2016-06-23 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author = А. Е. Пьянов |title = СТАТУС РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В СТРАНАХ СНГ |url = http://www.philology.ru/linguistics2/pyanov-11.htm|publisher=2011|access-date=2016-05-27 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528192438/http://www.philology.ru/linguistics2/pyanov-11.htm|archivedate=2016-05-28 }}</ref>}}
| glotto = russ1263
| glottorefname = Russian
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| ethnicity = [[Orang Rusia|Rusia]]
|sk=NE
}}
 
 
'''Bahasa Rusia''' ({{lang|ru|русский язык, ''russkiy yazyk''}}, diucapkan {{IPA-ru|ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk|}}) adalah [[bahasa Slavia]] yang utamanya dituturkan di [[Rusia]], [[Belarus]], [[Uzbekistan]], [[Kazakhstan]] dan [[Kirgizstan]]. Bahasa ini tidak resmi namun juga banyak dituturkan di [[Ukraina]], [[Moldova]], [[Latvia]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Estonia]] dan negara-negara lain yang pernah menjadi bagian dari [[Uni Soviet]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/109228/russian-language-enjoying-boost-postsoviet-states.aspx |title=Gallup.com |publisher=Gallup.com |date= |accessdate=2010-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www2.ignatius.edu/faculty/turner/languages.htm|title = The World's Most Widely Spoken Languages|accessdate = 16 May 2009|archive-date = 2011-09-27|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927062910/http://www2.ignatius.edu/faculty/turner/languages.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref>