Eksekutif (pemerintahan): Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Teddy s (bicara | kontrib)
Teddy s (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 1:
Di bawah doktrin [[pemisahan kekuasaan]], '''eksekutif''' adalah cabang [[pemerintahan]] bertanggung jawab mengimplementasikan, atau ''menjalankan'' [[hukum]]. Figur paling senior secara ''[[de facto]]'' dalam sebuah eksekutif merujuk sebagai [[kepala pemerintahan]]. Eksekutif dapat merujuk kepada '''administrasi''', dalam [[sistem presidensiil]], atau sebagai '''pemerintah''', dalam [[sistem parlementer]].
 
== Daftar Eksekutif oleh Negara ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3"
|---
!Name
!Constitutional form
!Head of state
!Basis of executive legitimacy
 
{{Form of government row|Afghanistan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Albania|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Algeria|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Andorra|red}}
{{Form of government row|Angola|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Antigua and Barbuda|red}}
{{Form of government row|Argentina|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Armenia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Australia|red}}
{{Form of government row|Austria|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Azerbaijan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Bahamas|red}}
{{Form of government row|Bahrain|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Bangladesh|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Barbados|red}}
{{Form of government row|Belarus|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Belgium|red}}
{{Form of government row|Belize|red}}
{{Form of government row|Benin|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Bhutan|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Bolivia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Bosnia and Herzegovina|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Botswana|green}}
{{Form of government row|Brazil|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Brunei|purple}}
{{Form of government row|Bulgaria|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Burkina Faso|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Burundi|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Cambodia|red}}
{{Form of government row|Cameroon|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Canada|red}}
{{Form of government row|Cape Verde|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Central African Republic|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Chad|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Chile|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Colombia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Comoros|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Costa Rica|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Côte d'Ivoire|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Croatia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Cuba|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Cyprus|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Czech Republic|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Democratic Republic of the Congo|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Denmark|red}}
{{Form of government row|Djibouti|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Dominica|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Dominican Republic|blue}}
{{Form of government row|East Timor|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Ecuador|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Egypt|gold}}
{{Form of government row|El Salvador|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Equatorial Guinea|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Eritrea|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Estonia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Ethiopia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Falkland Islands|red}}
{{Form of government row|Fiji|beige}}
{{Form of government row|Finland|gold}}
{{Form of government row|France|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Gabon|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Gambia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Georgia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Germany|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Ghana|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Greece|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Grenada|red}}
{{Form of government row|Guatemala|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Guinea|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Guinea-Bissau|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Guyana|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Haiti|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Honduras|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Hungary|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Iceland|orange}}
{{Form of government row|India|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Indonesia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Iran|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Iraq|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Ireland|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Israel|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Italy|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Jamaica|red}}
{{Form of government row|Japan|red}}
{{Form of government row|Jordan|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Kazakhstan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Kenya|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Kiribati|green}}
{{Form of government row|Kosovo|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Kuwait|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Kyrgyzstan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Laos|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Latvia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Lebanon|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Lesotho|red}}
{{Form of government row|Liberia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Libya|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Liechtenstein|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Lithuania|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Luxembourg|red}}
{{Form of government row|Macedonia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Madagascar|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Malawi|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Malaysia|red}}
{{Form of government row|Maldives|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Mali|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Malta|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Marshall Islands|green}}
{{Form of government row|Mauritania|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Mauritius|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Mexico|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Micronesia|green}}
{{Form of government row|Moldova|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Monaco|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Mongolia|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Montenegro|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Morocco|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Mozambique|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Myanmar|beige}}
{{Form of government row|Namibia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Nauru|green}}
{{Form of government row|Nepal|green}}
{{Form of government row|Netherlands|red}}
{{Form of government row|New Zealand|red}}
{{Form of government row|Nicaragua|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Niger|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Nigeria|blue}}
{{Form of government row|North Korea|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Norway|red}}
{{Form of government row|Oman|purple}}
{{Form of government row|Pakistan|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Palau|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Palestine|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Panama|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Papua New Guinea|red}}
{{Form of government row|Paraguay|blue}}
{{Form of government row|People's Republic of China|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Peru|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Philippines|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Poland|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Portugal|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Qatar|purple}}
{{Form of government row|Republic of the Congo|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Romania|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Russia|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Rwanda|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Saint Kitts and Nevis|red}}
{{Form of government row|Saint Lucia|red}}
{{Form of government row|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|red}}
{{Form of government row|Samoa|orange}}
{{Form of government row|San Marino|green}}
{{Form of government row|São Tomé and Príncipe|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Saudi Arabia|purple}}
{{Form of government row|Senegal|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Serbia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Seychelles|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Sierra Leone|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Singapore|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Slovakia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Slovenia|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Solomon Islands|red}}
{{Form of government row|Somalia|gold}} [[Stateless society]]
{{Form of government row|Somaliland|blue}}
{{Form of government row|South Africa|green}}
{{Form of government row|South Korea|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Spain|red}}
{{Form of government row|Sri Lanka|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Sudan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Suriname|green}}
{{Form of government row|Swaziland|purple}}
{{Form of government row|Sweden|red}}
{{Form of government row|Switzerland|green}}
{{Form of government row|Syria|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Taiwan|gold}}
{{Form of government row|Tajikistan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Tanzania|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Thailand|red}}
{{Form of government row|Togo|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Tonga|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Trinidad and Tobago|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Tunisia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Turkey|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Turkmenistan|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Tuvalu|red}}
{{Form of government row|Uganda|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Ukraine|gold}}
{{Form of government row|United Arab Emirates|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|United Kingdom|red}}
{{Form of government row|United States|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Uruguay|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Uzbekistan|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Vanuatu|orange}}
{{Form of government row|Vatican City|magenta}}
{{Form of government row|Venezuela|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Vietnam|brown}}
{{Form of government row|Yemen|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Zambia|blue}}
{{Form of government row|Zimbabwe|gold}}
|}
 
[[File:Forms of government.svg|center|750px|A color-coded legend of forms of government.]]
 
'''Legend'''
*'''<span style="color:#ffa000">orange</span>''' - [[parliamentary republic]]s
*'''<span style="color:#66BB66">green</span>''' - presidential republics, [[presidential system|executive presidency]] linked to a [[parliamentary system|parliament]]
*'''<span style="color:#ffff00">yellow</span>''' - presidential republics, [[semi-presidential system]]
*'''<span style="color:#0000ff">blue</span>''' - presidential republics, full [[presidential system]]
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">red</span>''' - [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchies]] in which the monarch does not personally exercise power
*'''<span style="color:#BB00FF">magenta</span>''' - [[constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchies]] in which the monarch personally exercises power, often (but not always) alongside a weak parliament
*'''<span style="color:#660099">purple</span>''' - [[absolute monarchy|absolute monarchies]]
*'''<span style="color:#964b00">brown</span>''' - republics where the dominant role of a [[single-party state|single party]] is codified in the constitution
*'''<span style="color:#CC9966">beige</span>''' - states where constitutional provisions for government have been suspended
*'''<span style="color:#CCCCCC">grey</span>''' - countries which do not fit any of the above systems
 
Note that this chart aims to represent ''[[de jure]]'' systems of government, not the ''[[de facto]]'' degree of democracy. Several states constitutionally deemed to be multiparty republics may also be broadly described as authoritarian states.
 
<!--[[File:Form of government with Freedom House.png|thumb|center|400px|Forms of government of states considered to be [[electoral democracy|electoral democracies]] by Freedom House. States not considered to be electoral democracies are in gray.]]-->
 
== Lihat pula ==