Protestanisme: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Democracy, social-contract theory, separation of powers, religious freedom, separation of church and state—these achievements of the Reformation and early Protestantism were elaborated on and popularized by [[Enlightenment (spiritual)|Enlightenment]] thinkers. Some of the philosophers of the English, Scottish, German, and Swiss Enlightenment—[[Thomas Hobbes]], [[John Locke]], [[John Toland]], [[David Hume]], [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], [[Christian Wolff (philosopher)|Christian Wolff]], [[Immanuel Kant]], and [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]—had Protestant backgrounds.<ref>Karl Heussi, ''{{lang|de|Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte}}'', 11. Auflage, pp. 396–399, 401–403, 417–419</ref> For example, John Locke, whose political thought was based on "a set of Protestant Christian assumptions",<ref>Jeremy Waldron (2002), ''God, Locke, and Equality: Christian Foundations in Locke's Political Thought'', Cambridge University Press, New York, {{ISBN|978-0521-89057-1}}, p. 13</ref> derived the equality of all humans, including the equality of the genders ("Adam and Eve"), from Genesis 1, 26–28. As all persons were created equally free, all governments needed "the [[consent of the governed]]".<ref>Jeremy Waldron, ''God, Locke, and Equality'', pp. 21–43, 120</ref>
Also, other human rights were advocated for by some Protestants. For example, [[torture]] was abolished in [[Prussia]] in 1740, [[slavery]] in Britain in 1834 and in the United States in 1865 ([[William Wilberforce]], [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], [[Abraham Lincoln]]—against Southern Protestants).<ref>Allen Weinstein and David Rubel, ''The Story of America'', pp. 189–309</ref><ref>Karl Heussi, ''{{lang|de|Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte}}'', 11. Auflage, pp. 403, 425</ref> [[Hugo Grotius]] and [[Samuel Pufendorf]] were among the first thinkers who made significant contributions to [[international law]].<ref>M. Elze,''Grotius, Hugo'', in ''{{lang|de|Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart}}'', 3. Auflage, Band II, col. 1885–1886</ref><ref>H. Hohlwein, ''Pufendorf, Samuel'', in ''{{lang|de|Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart}}'', 3. Auflage, Band V, col. 721</ref> The [[Geneva Convention]], an important part of humanitarian [[international law]], was largely the work of [[Henry Dunant]], a reformed [[pietist]]. He also founded the [[Red Cross]].<ref>R. Pfister, ''{{lang|de|Schweiz. Seit der Reformation}}'', in ''{{lang|de|Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart}}'', 3. Auflage, Band V (1961), col. 1614–1615</ref> -->
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