Analisis jaringan sosial: Perbedaan antara revisi

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[[Berkas:Kencf0618FacebookNetwork.jpg|jmpl|[[Gambar grafik|Diagram jaringan sosial]] yang menampilkan hubungan persahabatan di antara sekelompok pengguna [[Facebook]].]]
'''Analisis jaringan sosial''' adalah proses penyelidikan struktur sosial melalui penggunaan [[teori jaringan|jaringan]] dan [[teori graf|teori grafik]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Otte |first1=Evelien |last2=Rousseau |first2=Ronald |title=Social network analysis: a powerful strategy, also for the information sciences |journal=Journal of Information Science |date=Desember 2002 |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=441–453 |doi=10.1177/016555150202800601 |s2cid=17454166 }}</ref> Ini mengkarakterisasikan struktur jaringan dalam bentuk ''simpul'' (aktor individual, orang, atau benda dalam jaringan) dan ''ikatan'', ''sisi'', atau ''tautan'' (hubungan atau interaksi) yang menghubungkannya. Contoh struktur sosial yang umumnya divisualisasikan melalui analisis jaringan sosial meliputi [[media sosial|jaringan media sosial]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grandjean |first1=Martin |title=A social network analysis of Twitter: Mapping the digital humanities community |journal=Cogent Arts & Humanities |date=31 Desember 2016 |volume=3 |issue=1 |doi=10.1080/23311983.2016.1171458 |s2cid=114999767 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Hagen L 2018 523–541">{{cite journal |last1=Hagen |first1=Loni |last2=Keller |first2=Thomas |last3=Neely |first3=Stephen |last4=DePaula |first4=Nic |last5=Robert-Cooperman |first5=Claudia |title=Crisis Communications in the Age of Social Media: A Network Analysis of Zika-Related Tweets |journal=Social Science Computer Review |date=October 2018 |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=523–541 |doi=10.1177/0894439317721985 |oclc=7323548177 |s2cid=67362137 }}</ref> penyebaran [[meme]],<ref>{{Cite arXiv|last1=Nasrinpour|first1=Hamid Reza|last2=Friesen|first2=Marcia R.|last3=McLeod|first3=Robert D.|date=2016-11-22|title=An Agent-Based Model of Message Propagation in the Facebook Electronic Social Network|eprint=1611.07454|class=cs.SI}}</ref> sirkulasi informasi,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Grandjean|first=Martin|title=The Paris/Geneva Divide. A Network Analysis of the Archives of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations|language=en|journal=Culture as Soft Power: Bridging Cultural Relations, Intellectual Cooperation, and Cultural Diplomacy|date=2022|pages=65–98|doi=10.1515/9783110744552-004|url=https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03760539/file/Grandjean_2022_TheParisGenevaDivide.pdf}}</ref> jaringan persahabatan dan kenalan, jaringan bisnis, jaringan pengetahuan,<ref name=Brennecke2017>{{cite journal |last1=Brennecke |first1=Julia |last2=Rank |first2=Olaf |title=The firm's knowledge network and the transfer of advice among corporate inventors—A multilevel network study |journal=Research Policy |date=May 2017 |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=768–783 |doi=10.1016/j.respol.2017.02.002 }}</ref><ref name=Harris2009>{{cite journal |last1=Harris |first1=Jenine K. |last2=Luke |first2=Douglas A. |last3=Zuckerman |first3=Rachael B. |last4=Shelton |first4=Sarah C. |title=Forty Years of Secondhand Smoke Research |journal=American Journal of Preventive Medicine |date=June 2009 |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=538–548 |doi=10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.039 |pmid=19372026 |oclc=6980180781 }}</ref> hubungan kerja yang sulit,<ref name=Brennecke2019/> grafik kolaborasi, [[hubungan kekerabatan|kekerabatan]], [[penularan penyakit]], dan [[hubungan seksual]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Pinheiro, Carlos A.R.|title=Social Network Analysis in Telecommunications|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2011|isbn=978-1-118-01094-5|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jP8zfL6yNGkC&pg=PA4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=D'Andrea, Alessia|chapter=An Overview of Methods for Virtual Social Network Analysis|editor1=Abraham, Ajith|title=Computational Social Network Analysis: Trends, Tools and Research Advances|publisher=Springer|year=2009|isbn=978-1-84882-228-3|page=8|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-S1KiURSfRAC&pg=PA8|display-authors=etal}}</ref> Jaringan ini sering divisualisasikan melalui ''[[sosiogram]]'' di mana simpul direpresentasikan sebagai titik dan ikatan direpresentasikan sebagai garis. Visualisasi ini menyediakan sarana untuk menilai jaringan secara kualitatif dengan memvariasikan representasi visual simpul dan tepinya untuk mencerminkan atribut yang diinginkan.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Grunspan|first=Daniel|date=23 Januari 2014|title=Understanding Classrooms through Social Network Analysis: A Primer for Social Network Analysis in Education Research|journal=CBE: Life Sciences Education|volume=13|issue=2|pages=167–178|doi=10.1187/cbe.13-08-0162|pmid=26086650|pmc=4041496}}</ref>
 
Analisis jaringan sosial telah muncul sebagai teknik kunci dalam [[sosiologi]] modern. Analisis ini juga memperoleh popularitas signifikan dalam bidang-bidang berikut: [[antropologi]], [[biologi]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tringali |first1=Angela |last2=Sherer |first2=David L. |last3=Cosgrove |first3=Jillian |last4=Bowman |first4=Reed |title=Life history stage explains behavior in a social network before and during the early breeding season in a cooperatively breeding bird |journal=PeerJ |date=10 Februari 2020 |volume=8 |pages=e8302 |doi=10.7717/peerj.8302 |pmid=32095315 |pmc=7020825 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[demografi]], [[kajian komunikasi]],<ref name="Hagen L 2018 523–541"/><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Social network differences of chronotypes identified from mobile phone data|date=2018 |oclc=1062367169}}{{page needed|date=November 2021}}</ref> [[ekonomi]], [[geografi]], [[sejarah]], [[ilmu informasi]], [[kajian organisasi]],<ref name=Brennecke2017/><ref name=Brennecke2019/> [[fisika]],<ref name=Gao2023>{{cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Min |last2=Li |first2=Zheng |last3=Li |first3=Ruichen |last4=Cui |first4=Chenhao |last5=Chen |first5=Xinyuan |last6=Ye |first6=Bodian |last7=Li |first7=Yupeng |last8=Gu |first8=Weiwei |last9=Gong |first9=Qingyuan |last10=Wang |first10=Xin |last11=Chen |first11=Yang |url=https://www.cell.com/patterns/pdf/S2666-3899(23)00218-0.pdf |title=EasyGraph: A multifunctional, cross-platform, and effective library for interdisciplinary network analysis |journal=Patterns |date=Oktober 2023 |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=100839|doi=10.1016/j.patter.2023.100839 |pmid=37876903|pmc=10591136 }}</ref> [[ilmu politik]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Rakhyun E |title=Is Global Governance Fragmented, Polycentric, or Complex? The State of the Art of the Network Approach |journal=International Studies Review |date=26 November 2020 |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=903–931 |doi=10.1093/isr/viz052 |doi-access=free }}</ref> kesehatan masyarakat,<ref name=Harris2007>{{cite journal |last1=Harris |first1=Jenine K. |last2=Clements |first2=Bruce |title=Using Social Network Analysis to Understand Missouri's System of Public Health Emergency Planners |journal=Public Health Reports |date=July 2007 |volume=122 |issue=4 |pages=488–498 |doi=10.1177/003335490712200410 |pmid=17639652 |pmc=1888499 |oclc=8062393936 }}</ref><ref name=Harris2009/> [[psikologi sosial]], [[kajian pembangunan]], [[sosiolinguistik]], dan [[ilmu komputer]],<ref name=Ghanbarnejad>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics On and Of Complex Networks III Machine Learning and Statistical Physics Approaches|last1=Ghanbarnejad|first1=Fakhteh|last2=Saha Roy|first2=Rishiraj|last3=Karimi|first3=Fariba|last4=Delvenne|first4=Jean-Charles|last5=Mitra|first5=Bivas|date=2019|publisher=Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer|isbn=9783030146832|location=Cham |oclc=1115074203}}{{page needed|date=November 2021}}</ref> pendidikan dan penelitian pendidikan jarak jauh,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bozkurt |first1=Aras |last2=Akgun-Ozbek |first2=Ela |last3=Yilmazel |first3=Sibel |last4=Erdogdu |first4=Erdem |last5=Ucar |first5=Hasan |last6=Guler |first6=Emel |last7=Sezgin |first7=Sezan |last8=Karadeniz |first8=Abdulkadir |last9=Sen-Ersoy |first9=Nazife |last10=Goksel-Canbek |first10=Nil |last11=Dincer |first11=Gokhan Deniz |last12=Ari |first12=Suleyman |last13=Aydin |first13=Cengiz Hakan |date=2015-01-20 |title=Trends in distance education research: A content analysis of journals 2009–2013 |url=https://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1953 |journal=The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning |language=en |volume=16 |issue=1 |doi=10.19173/irrodl.v16i1.1953 |issn=1492-3831 |doi-access=free }}</ref> dan sekarang tersedia secara umum sebagai alat konsumen (lihat [[:en:Social network analysis software|perangkat lunak analisis jaringan sosial]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-19699776|title=Facebook friends mapped by Wolfram Alpha app|work=BBC News|date=24 September 2012|access-date=25 Juli 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/30/wolfram-alpha-launches-personal-analytics-reports-for-facebook/|title=Wolfram Alpha Launches Personal Analytics Reports For Facebook|work=Tech Crunch|date= 30 Agustus 2012|author=Frederic Lardinois|access-date=25 Juli 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Ivaldi M.|author2=Ferreri L.|author3=Daolio F.|author4=Giacobini M.|author5=Tomassini M.|author6=Rainoldi A.|title=We-Sport: from academy spin-off to data-base for complex network analysis; an innovative approach to a new technology|journal=J Sports Med Phys Fitness |volume=51|issue=suppl. 1 to issue 3|hdl=2318/90491|quote=The social network analysis was used to analyze properties of the network We-Sport.com allowing a deep interpretation and analysis of the level of aggregation phenomena in the specific context of sport and physical exercise.}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
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