Perasaan (Buddhisme): Perbedaan antara revisi

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Dalam [[Buddhisme]], '''perasaan''' ([[Bahasa Pali|Pāli]] dan [[Bahasa Sanskerta|Sanskerta]]: '''''vedanā''''' वेदना) mengacu pada perasaan<ref>Generally, ''vedanā'' is considered to ''not'' include full-blown "emotions." See the section [[Vedanā#"Feeling," not "emotion"|"Feeling," not "emotion"]] below.</ref> atau sensasi<ref>Lihat, misalnya, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), hlm. 648, entri untuk "Vedanā" (diakses 2008-01-09 dari "University of Chicago" di http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.3:1:2277.pali), yang awalnya mendefinisikan kata Pali ini secara sederhana sebagai "perasaan (''feeling''), sensasi (''sensation'')."</ref> menyenangkan, tidak menyenangkan, dan netral yang terjadi ketika [[Landasan indra|organ indra]] internal seseorang [[Kontak (Buddhisme)|berkontak]] dengan objek indra eksternal dan [[Kesadaran (Buddhisme)|kesadaran]] terkait.
 
PerasanPerasaan diidentifikasi dalam ajaran Buddha sebagai berikut:
 
* Salah satu dari [[Faktor mental|''tujuh faktor mental universal'']] dalam [[Abhidhamma Theravāda]].
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* Salah satu dari [[Gugusan (Buddhisme)|lima gugusan]] (dalam aliran Theravāda dan Mahāyāna).
* Salah satu objek fokus dalam praktik [[Satipatthana|empat landasan perhatian-penuh]].
Dalam konteks dua belas tautan (''nidāna''), [[Nafsu kehausan (Buddhisme)|nafsu keinginan]] (''taṇhā'') dan [[Kemelekatan (Buddhisme)|kemelekatan/keterikatan]] (''upādāna'') terhadap ''vedanā'' menyebabkan [[Penderitaan (Buddhisme)|penderitaan]]; sebaliknya, [[perhatian-penuh]] (''sati'') dan [[pemahaman jernih]] (''sampajañña'') terhadap ''vedanā'' dapat mengarah pada [[Bodhi|kecerahan]] dan [[Nirwana|padamnya]] sebab-sebab penderitaan.
 
== Theravāda ==
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: 'Dependent on the eye & forms there arises consciousness at the eye. The meeting of the three is contact. With contact as a requisite condition, there arises what is felt either as pleasure, pain, or neither pleasure nor pain. If, when touched by a feeling of pleasure, one relishes it, welcomes it, or remains fastened to it, then one's passion-obsession gets obsessed. If, when touched by a feeling of pain, one sorrows, grieves, & laments, beats one's breast, becomes distraught, then one's resistance-obsession gets obsessed. If, when touched by a feeling of neither pleasure nor pain, one does not discern, as it actually is present, the origination, passing away, allure, drawback, or escape from that feeling, then one's ignorance-obsession gets obsessed....'</ref>
 
Dalam Tripitaka Pali, disebutkan bahwa [[Meditasi (Buddhisme)|bermeditasi]] dengan konsentrasi (''[[samādhi]]'') pada ''vedanā'' dapat menuntun pada perhatian[[Perhatian mendalampenuh (Buddhisme)|perhatian-penuh]] (''sati'') dan pemahaman jernih (''[[sampajañña]]'') (lihat Tabel di sebelah kanan).<ref>[[Aṅguttara Nikāya|AN]] 4.41: for Pali, see SLTP (n.d); for English translations, see Nyanaponika & Bodhi (1999), hlm. 88-89, Thanissaro (1997a), Upalavanna (n.d.).</ref> Dengan pengembangan ini, seseorang dapat mengalami langsung di dalam dirinya sendiri realitas [[Kefanaan|ketidakkekalan]] (''[[Ketidakkekalan (Buddhisme)|anicca]]'') dan sifat [[Kemelekatan (Buddhisme)|kemelekatan]]/keterikatan (''upādāna''). Hal ini pada akhirnya dapat mengarah pada pembebasan batin (''[[Nirwana|nibbāna]]'').
 
=== Hubungan dengan "emosi" ===
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* [[Alexander Berzin (cendekiawan)|Berzin, Alexander]] (2006), [http://studybuddhism.com/en/advanced-studies/science-of-mind/mind-mental-factors/primary-minds-and-the-51-mental-factors ''Primary Minds and the 51 Mental Factors'']
* [[Bhikkhu Bodhi|Bodhi, Bhikkhu]] (ed.) (2000). ''A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: The Abhidhammattha Sangaha of Ācariya Anuruddha''. Seattle, WA: BPS Pariyatti Editions. {{ISBN|1-928706-02-9}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-928706-02-9|1-928706-02-9]].
* Bhikkhu Bodhi (2003), ''A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma'', Pariyatti Publishing
* [[Dalai Lama]] (1992). ''The Meaning of Life'', translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins, Boston: Wisdom.
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* Hamilton, Sue (2001). ''Identity and Experience: The Constitution of the Human Being according to Early Buddhism''. Oxford: Luzac Oriental. {{ISBN|1-898942-23-4}}.
* [[Nyanaponika Thera]] (terj.) (1983). ''Datthabba Sutta: To Be Known'' ([[Saṁyuttanikāya|SN]] 36.5). Diakses 2007-06-08 dari "[[Access to Insight]]" di: http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn36/sn36.005.nypo.html.
* Nyanaponika Thera & [[Bhikkhu Bodhi]] (trans.) (1999). ''Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: An Anthology of Suttas from the Anguttara Nikaya''. Kandy, Sri Lanka: [[Buddhist Publication Society]]. {{ISBN|0-7425-0405-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7425-0405-0|0-7425-0405-0]].
* [[Rhys Davids]], T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5). ''The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary''. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. Mesin pencari daring umum untuk PED tersedia di http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/.
* Sri Lanka Buddha Jayanti Tipitaka Series (SLTP) (n.d.). ''{{IAST|Samādhibhāvanāsuttaṃ}}'' ([[Aṅguttaranikāya|AN]] AN 4.1.5.1, in [[Bahasa Pali|Pali]]). Diakses 2007-06-08 dari "MettaNet-Lanka" di: http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/4Anguttara-Nikaya/Anguttara2/4-catukkanipata/005-rohitassavaggo-p.html.
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* Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2005b). ''Bahuvedaniya Sutta: Many Things to be Experienced'' ([[Majjhimanikāya|MN]] 59). Diakses 2008-03-31 dari "Access to Insight" di http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.059.than.html.
* Thanissaro Bhikkhu (terj.) (2005c). ''Pañcakanga Sutta: With Pañcakanga'' ([[Saṁyuttanikāya|SN]] 36.19). Diakses 2008-03-31 dari "Access to Insight" di<nowiki/>http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn36/sn36.019.than.html.
* [[Chögyam Trungpa|Trungpa, Chögyam]] (2001). ''Glimpses of Abhidharma''. Boston: Shambhala. {{ISBN|1-57062-764-9}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-57062-764-9|1-57062-764-9]].
* Upalavanna, Sister (tak tertanggal). ''{{IAST|Samādhibhāvanāsuttaṃ}} &#x2013; Developments of concentration'' ([[Aṅguttaranikāya|AN]] AN 4.5.1). Diakses 2007-06-08 dari "MettaNet-Lanka" di: http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/4Anguttara-Nikaya/Anguttara2/4-catukkanipata/005-rohitassavaggo-e.html.