Lovastatin: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Pada tahun 1982, beberapa penelitian klinis skala kecil terhadap lovastatin, produk alami turunan poliketida yang diisolasi dari ''Aspergillus terreus'', dilakukan pada pasien berisiko sangat tinggi, yang menunjukkan penurunan kolesterol LDL yang dramatis, dengan sangat sedikit efek samping. Setelah penelitian keamanan hewan tambahan dengan lovastatin tidak menunjukkan toksisitas seperti yang diduga terkait dengan mevastatin, penelitian klinis dilanjutkan.
Uji coba skala besar mengonfirmasi keefektifan lovastatin. Tolerabilitas yang diamati terus menunjukkan hasil yang sangat baik, dan lovastatin disetujui oleh [[Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Amerika Serikat]] pada tahun 1987.<ref>[
Lovastatin juga diproduksi secara alami oleh jamur tingkat tinggi tertentu, seperti ''Pleurotus ostreatus'' ([[jamur tiram]]) dan jamur lain dalam genus ''[[Pleurotus]]'' spp. yang berkerabat dekat.<ref name="pmid9583372">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdín L, Galbavý S | title = Dose- and time-dependent hypocholesterolemic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rats | journal = Nutrition | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 282–286 | date = March 1998 | pmid = 9583372 | doi = 10.1016/S0899-9007(97)00471-1 }}</ref> Penelitian tentang efek jamur tiram dan ekstraknya terhadap kadar kolesterol hewan laboratorium telah dilakukan secara ekstensif,<ref name="pmid12823261">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hossain S, Hashimoto M, Choudhury EK, Alam N, Hussain S, Hasan M, Choudhury SK, Mahmud I | display-authors = 6 | title = Dietary mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) ameliorates atherogenic lipid in hypercholesterolaemic rats | journal = Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology | volume = 30 | issue = 7 | pages = 470–475 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12823261 | doi = 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03857.x | s2cid = 39632962 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10555301">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Galbavý S | title = Hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rabbits | journal = Die Nahrung | volume = 43 | issue = 5 | pages = 339–342 | date = October 1999 | pmid = 10555301 | doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3803(19991001)43:5<339::AID-FOOD339>3.0.CO;2-5 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9583372"/><ref name="pmid9624732">{{cite journal | vauthors = Opletal L, Jahodár L, Chobot V, Zdanský P, Lukes J, Brátová M, Solichová D, Blunden G, Dacke CG, Patel AV | display-authors = 6 | title = Evidence for the anti-hyperlipidaemic activity of the edible fungus Pleurotus ostreatus | journal = British Journal of Biomedical Science | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 240–243 | date = December 1997 | pmid = 9624732 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9475042">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bajaj M, Vadhera S, Brar AP, Soni GL | title = Role of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) as hypocholesterolemic/antiatherogenic agent | journal = Indian Journal of Experimental Biology | volume = 35 | issue = 10 | pages = 1070–1075 | date = October 1997 | pmid = 9475042 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9221192">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdín L, Kuniak L, Hromadová M | title = [Regulation of cholesterol metabolism with dietary addition of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rats with hypercholesterolemia] | language = sk | journal = Casopis Lekaru Ceskych | volume = 136 | issue = 6 | pages = 186–190 | date = March 1997 | pmid = 9221192 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8810086">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdín L, Kuniak L | title = Effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) and its ethanolic extract in diet on absorption and turnover of cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rat | journal = Die Nahrung | volume = 40 | issue = 4 | pages = 222–224 | date = August 1996 | pmid = 8810086 | doi = 10.1002/food.19960400413 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8869262">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdín O, Mikus M | title = Dietary oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) accelerates plasma cholesterol turnover in hypercholesterolaemic rat | journal = Physiological Research | volume = 44 | issue = 5 | pages = 287–291 | year = 1995 | pmid = 8869262 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7898579">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdin L, Kuniak L | title = The effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), its ethanolic extract and extraction residues on cholesterol levels in serum, lipoproteins and liver of rat | journal = Die Nahrung | volume = 39 | issue = 1 | pages = 98–99 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7898579 | doi = 10.1002/food.19950390113 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8197787">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ozdin L, Kuniak L | title = Mechanism of hypocholesterolemic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rats: reduction of cholesterol absorption and increase of plasma cholesterol removal | journal = Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft| volume = 33 | issue = 1 | pages = 44–50 | date = March 1994 | pmid = 8197787 | doi = 10.1007/BF01610577 | s2cid = 41820928 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8218150">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chorváthová V, Bobek P, Ginter E, Klvanová J | title = Effect of the oyster fungus on glycaemia and cholesterolaemia in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes | journal = Physiological Research | volume = 42 | issue = 3 | pages = 175–179 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8218150 }}</ref><ref name="pmid1897899">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bobek P, Ginter E, Jurcovicová M, Kuniak L | title = Cholesterol-lowering effect of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus in hereditary hypercholesterolemic rats | journal = Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism | volume = 35 | issue = 4 | pages = 191–195 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1897899 | doi = 10.1159/000177644 }}</ref> meskipun efeknya telah dibuktikan pada sejumlah kecil subjek manusia.<ref name="pmid17344789">{{cite journal | vauthors = Khatun K, Mahtab H, Khanam PA, Sayeed MA, Khan KA | title = Oyster mushroom reduced blood glucose and cholesterol in diabetic subjects | journal = Mymensingh Medical Journal | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 94–99 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17344789 | doi = 10.3329/mmj.v16i1.261 }}</ref>
Pada tahun 1998, FDA melarang penjualan suplemen makanan yang berasal dari beras [[angkak]], yang secara alami mengandung lovastatin, dengan alasan bahwa produk yang mengandung agen resep memerlukan persetujuan obat.
[[Image:Lovastatin2.png|180px|thumb|right|Model bulat dan tongkat lovastatin]]
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