|
'''''Grosses vollständiges Universal Lexicon aller Wissenschafften und Künste''''' (bahasa Indonesia: Ensiklopedia Lengkap Besar Semua Ilmu dan Seni) adalah ensiklopedia 68 jilid Jerman diterbitkan oleh Johann Heinrich Zedler antara 1731 dan 1754. Ini adalah ensiklopedia pertama untuk menyertakan biografi orang-orang hidup.
==Judul==
<!--Title
Para penjual buku dan penerbit Zedler menerbitkan buku ini di Leipzig dengan nama Ensiklopedia lengkap Agung Semua Ilmu dan Seni Yang Jauh Telah Diciptakan oleh Pikiran dan Peningkatan Manusia .Termasuk Deskripsi Geografis dan Politik Dunia Utuh Menurut Semua monarki , Kekaisaran, kerajaan, republik, kedaulatan demokratis, Negara, Kota, pelabuhan Laut, Benteng-benteng, Kastil, Wilayah, Kewenangan, Biara, Pegunungan, Passes, Woods, Laut, Danau dan juga Deskripsi Sejarah dan Silsilah Detail Dunia Keluarga Baris Brightest dan Paling Terkenal, Hidup dan Perbuatan dari, Raja Kaisar, Pemilih dan Pangeran, Pahlawan besar, Menteri Negara, Pemimpin Perang, tentang Semua Kebijakan Negara, Perang dan Hukum dan Usaha Anggaran Bangsawan dan, Bourgeois Pedagang, Pedagang, dan Seni.
==Editor==
The bookseller and publisher Zedler published this book in Leipzig under the name "Great Complete Encyclopaedia of All Sciences and Arts Which So Far Have Been Invented and Improved by Human Mind and Wit: Including the Geographical and Political Description of the Whole World According to All Monarchies, Empires, Kingdoms, Principalities, Republics, Free Sovereignties, Countries, Towns, Sea Harbors, Fortresses, Castles, Areas, Authorities, Monasteries, Mountains, Passes, Woods, Seas, Lakes ... and also a Detailed Historical and Genealogical Description of the World's Brightest and Most Famous Family Lines, the Life and Deeds of the Emperors, Kings, Electors and Princes, Great Heroes, Ministers of State, War Leaders... ; Equally about All Policies of State, War and Law and Budgetary Business of the Nobility and the Bourgeois, Merchants, Traders, Arts."
Ensiklopedia Zedler adalah ensiklopedia pertama yang dikerjakan oleh editor sahli, tetapi tidak disebutkan namanya, namun setelah penerbit menerbitkan ensikopedia ini para penulis dan editorpun disebutakan namanya. Para editor utama adalah Yakub Agustus Franckenstein (volume 1-2), Paulus Daniel Longolius (volume 3-18), dan Carl Gunther Ludovici (volume 19-64 dan suplemen).
Tidak semua yang diketahui tentang penulis ensiklopedi ini. Heinrich Winkler menulis artikel medis, dan Friedrich Agustus Müller mungkin menulis artikel tentang filsafat. <ref>Ulrich Johannes Schneider, "Die Konstruktion des allgemeinen Wissens in Zedlers Universallexikon," in Wissenssicherung, Wissensordnung und Wissensverarbeitung: Das europäische Modell der Enzyklopädien, ed. Theo Stammen et al. (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2004), 87n.</ref> Lorenz Christoph Mizler (1711-1778) mengaku telah menulis artikel matematika. Johann Heinrich Rother dan Johann Christoph Gottsched juga telah diusulkan sebagai kolaborator mungkin, meskipun keduanya menyangkal
Zedler himself called his encyclopedia "Zedler's Encyclopedia" (Zedlersches Lexikon).
[edit] Editors
==Refrensi==
Zedler's encyclopedia was the first which was worked on by editors who were specialists, and which was not named after the author or the editor, but instead after the publisher. The main editors were Jacob August Franckenstein (volumes 1-2), Paul Daniel Longolius (volumes 3-18), and Carl Günther Ludovici (volumes 19-64 and supplements).
{{reflist}}
Nothing certain is known about the individual authors of the encyclopedia. Heinrich Winkler wrote many medical articles, and Friedrich August Müller probably wrote articles on philosophy.[1] Lorenz Christoph Mizler (1711–1778) claimed to have written mathematical articles. Johann Heinrich Rother and Johann Christoph Gottsched have also been suggested as possible collaborators, though both denied it.[2]
[edit] Printing
The encyclopedia is sometimes considered the first modern one in the German language; at the time, it was the largest printed encyclopaedia in the western hemisphere. It was originally supposed to be printed in about 12 volumes, an estimate later extended to 24, but its final printing was in 64 volumes plus four supplements, with about 750,000 articles on 62,571 pages. Ludovici had even been intended to write a further four supplements. Initial production was funded through Praenumeration, where buyers paid in advance and received a discount on the volume that was later delivered.
The volumes were all printed in the cellars of Halle Orphanage, not far from Leipzig. This printshop belonged to August Hermann Francke's Halle Foundation. Later, between 1961 and 1964, the book was republished in Graz, Austria.
[edit] Online copy
The Bavarian State Library's digitisation center in Munich (Münchener Digitalisierungszentrum, MDZ) digitized the encyclopedia completely, including the three supplements, in the form of images and PDF files. The 68 volumes have an index and readers can browse through the pages.-->
[[Kategori:Ensiklopedia Bahasa Jerman]]
|
