Bnei Brak: Perbedaan antara revisi
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==History==
Bnei Brak takes its name from the ancient, Biblical (Joshua 19:45) [[Beneberak]], preserved in the name of the Palestinian village of [[Al-Khayriyya|Ibn Ibraq]] ("Son of Ibraq/Barak"), which was located {{km to mi|4}} to the south of where Bnei Barak was founded in 1924.<ref name="Cancikp484">Cancik, Hubert, Peter Schäfer and Hermann Lichtenberger (1996), ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=VlT2Ox0x0N4C&pg=PA484&dq=ibn+ibraq&sig=eRsb9XjwNh8isxh-4RJ0JG8muEc Geschichte-Tradition-Reflexion: Festschrift Für Martin Hengel Zum 70. Geburtstag]''. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 3-16-146675-6. p. 484.</ref>
Bnei Brak was founded as an agricultural settlement by [[Yitzchok Gerstenkorn]] and a group of Polish [[Hasidic Judaism|chasidim]]. Due to a lack of land many of its founders turned to other occupations, and the village began to develop an urban character. Its first rabbi was Rabbi [[Arye Mordechai Rabinowicz]], formerly rabbi of [[Kurów]] in [[Poland]]. He was succeeded by Rabbi Yosef Kalisz, a scion of the [[Vurka (Hasidic dynasty)|Vurker dynasty]].
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Rabbi [[Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz]] (the ''Chazon Ish'') settled in Bnei Brak in its early days, attracting a large following. Rabbi [[Yaakov Landau]], [[Chief Rabbi|chief rabbi]] of Bnei Brak between 1936 and 1986,{{Citation needed|date=April 2008}} helped to make it an important religious center. Other leading rabbis who have lived in Bnei Brak are Rabbi [[Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler]], Rabbi [[Yaakov Yisrael Kanievsky]] ("the Steipler"), Rabbi [[Yosef Shlomo Kahaneman]] ([[Ponevezh Yeshiva|Ponevezh]]er Rov) and Rabbi [[Elazar Shach|Elazar Menachem Mann Shach]]. Notable rabbis who reside in Bnei Brak today are Rabbi [[Aharon Leib Shteinman]], Rabbi [[Nissim Karelitz]], Rabbi [[Shmuel Wosner]], Rabbi [[Chaim Kanievsky]] and Rabbi [[Michel Yehuda Lefkowitz]].
In the early 1950s, the [[Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)|Vizhnitzer]] Rebbe, Rabbi Chaim Meir Hager, founded a large neighborhood in Bnei Brak which continues to serve as a dynastic center under his son, Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua Hager.
Beginning in the 1960s, the rebbes of the Ruzhin dynasty ([[Sadigura (Hasidic dynasty)|Sadigura]], [[Husiatyn (Hasidic dynasty)|Husiatyn]], Bohush), who had formerly lived in Tel Aviv, moved to Bnei Brak. In the 1990s they were followed by the rebbe of [[Modzitz (Hasidic dynasty)|Modzhitz]]. Unlike the former four [[Ger (Hasidic dynasty)|Gerrer]] rebbes, who lived in Jerusalem, the current rebbe (since 1996) is a Bnei Brak resident. The rebbes of [[Aleksander (Hasidic dynasty)|Alexander]], [[Biala (Hasidic dynasty)|Biala-Bnei-Brak]], [[Koidanov (Hasidic dynasty)|Koydanov]], [[Machnovka (Hasidic dynasty)|Machnovke]], [[Nadvorna (Hasidic dynasty)|Nadvorne]], Premishlan, Radzin, [[Shomer Emunim (Hasidic dynasty)|Shomer Emunim]]. [[Slonim (Hasidic dynasty)|Slonim-Schwarze]], Strykov, Tchernobil, Trisk-Bnei-Brak and Zutshke reside in Bnei Brak.
Until the 1970s, the Bnei Brak municipality was headed by Religious Zionist mayors.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} After Mayor Gottlieb of the [[National Religious Party]] was defeated, Haredi parties grew in status and influence; since then they have governed the city. As the Haredi population grew, the demand for public religious observance increased and more residents requested the closure of their neighbourhoods to vehicular traffic on Shabbat. When they demanded the closure of a main street ([[Hashomer|HaShomer]] St. now Kahaneman St.), the non-religious residents protested but the town's religious inhabitants won the battle.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} Since then, their influence in the city continuously grew.
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== Rujukan ==
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[[Kategori:Kota di Israel]]
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