CRISPR: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
||
Baris 3:
'''CRISPR''' ([[Bahasa Inggris]]: '''''Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats''''', dilafalkan ''crisper''<ref name="sawyer2013">{{cite web | url = http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/bio2.0/editing_genomes_with_the_bacterial | title = Editing Genomes with the Bacterial Immune System | last = Sawyer | first = Eric | name-list-format = vanc | date = 9 February 2013 | website = Scitable | doi = | pmid = | access-date = 6 April 2015 | publisher = Nature Publishing Group}}</ref>) adalah bagian dari [[DNA]] [[prokariota]] yang mengandung urutan dasar pendek, berulang. Dalam suatu pengulangan [[palindrom]], urutan [[nukleotida]] adalah sama dalam kedua arah. Setiap pengulangan diikuti oleh bagian pendek [[DNA pengatur jarak]] dari paparan sebelumnya oleh DNA asing (yakni suatu [[Bakterifag|virus]] atau [[plasmid]]).<ref name="pmid20125085">{{cite journal | vauthors = Marraffini LA, Sontheimer EJ | title = CRISPR interference: RNA-directed adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea | journal = Nature Reviews Genetics | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 181–90 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20125085 | pmc = 2928866 | doi = 10.1038/nrg2749 }}</ref> Kelompok kecil dari gen ''cas'' (''CRISPR-associated system'') terletak di samping urutan CRISPR.
CRISPR/sistem ''Cas'' adalah suatu [[sistem kekebalan]] prokariota yang memberikan perlawanan terhadap elemen genetik asing seperti yang hadir dalam plasmid dan [[bakterifag]]t<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Redman M, King A, Watson C, King D | title = What is CRISPR/Cas9? | journal = Archives of Disease in Childhood. Education and Practice Edition | volume = 101 | issue = 4 | pages = 213–5 | date = August 2016 | pmid = 27059283 | doi = 10.1136/archdischild-2016-310459 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17379808">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barrangou R, Fremaux C, Deveau H, Richards M, Boyaval P, Moineau S, Romero DA, Horvath P | title = CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes | journal = Science | volume = 315 | issue = 5819 | pages = 1709–12 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17379808 | pmc = | doi = 10.1126/science.1138140 | bibcode = 2007Sci...315.1709B }} {{Registration required}}</ref><ref name="pmid19095942">{{cite journal | vauthors = Marraffini LA, Sontheimer EJ | title = CRISPR interference limits horizontal gene transfer in staphylococci by targeting DNA | journal = Science | volume = 322 | issue = 5909 | pages = 1843–5 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19095942 | pmc = 2695655 | doi = 10.1126/science.1165771 | bibcode = 2008Sci...322.1843M }}</ref> yang menyediakan bentuk [[sistem kekebalan tiruan]]. RNA menyimpan urutan pengatur jarak yang membantu protein ''Cas'' mengenali dan memotong DNA eksogen. Protein ''Cas'' yang dipandu RNA lainnya memotong RNA asing.<ref name=Mohanraju2016>{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohanraju P, Makarova KS, Zetsche B, Zhang F, Koonin EV, van der Oost J |title=Diverse evolutionary roots and mechanistic variations of the CRISPR-Cas systems |journal=Science |volume=353 |issue=6299 |pages=aad5147 |year=2016 |pmid=27493190 |doi=10.1126/science.aad5147 }}</ref> CRISPR ditemukan dalam sekitar 40% dari genom [[
== Catatan ==
| |||