Perbudakan modern: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 10:
Berdasarkan dokumen yang dirilis oleh [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (OHCHR),<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|title=The Human Faces of Modern Slavery|url=https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Slavery/UNVTCFS/UNSlaveryFund.pdf|access-date=29 Juli 2021}}</ref> perbudakan modern terjadi dalam praktik-praktik berikut ini:
 
==== 1. Praktik Jeratan Hutang atau ''Debt Bondage'' ====
DebtBerdasarkan bondage''Supplementary (oftenConvention termedto “bondedthe labour”Abolition of Slavery, whichthe refersSlave toTrade exactlyand theInstitutions sameand practices)Practices isSimilar definedto inSlavery,'' thepraktik Supplementaryjeratan Conventionhutang asatau the''debt bondage'' didefinisikan sebagai:<blockquote>"The “statusstatus or condition arising from a pledge by a debtor of his personal services or of those of a person under his control as security for a debt, if the value of those services as reasonably assessed is not applied towards the liquidation of the debt or the length and nature of those services are not respectively limited and defined” (art.defined"<ref name=":1(a)). The Supplementary Convention characterizes debt bondage as a “servile status” (art. 7(b)) and obliges the States parties to implement national provisions to abolish" it./></blockquote>
 
==== 3.Kerja Pekerja AnakPaksa atau ''ChildForced Labor'' ====
The Temporary Slavery Commission also noted in a 1924 report that many people were found in “agricultural debt bondage” which combined elements of both debt bondage and serfdom.36 That conclusion was confirmed by later investigations by the International Labour Organization (ILO) into the status and conditions of indigenous labour in Latin America during the 1940s.37 Both serfdom and debt bondage are sometimes referred to by the term “peonage”, particularly in the Latin American context.3
 
==== 2.Pekerja Kerja PaksaAnak atau ''ForcedChild Labor'' ====
 
==== 7. Perdagangan Organ Manusia ====
==== 3. Pekerja Anak atau ''Child Labor'' ====
 
==== 4.Perbudakan Perdagangan ManusiaSeksual ====
 
==== 5.Pernikahan Perbudakan SeksualPaksa ====
 
==== 6.Perdagangan PernikahanOrgan PaksaManusia ====
 
==== 7. Perdagangan Organ Manusia ====
 
== Regulasi Internasional mengenai Perbudakan dan Bentuk-Bentuk Perbudakan Modern ==
Baris 35 ⟶ 33:
 
ILO sebagai organisasi yang berfokus pada isu-isu ketenagakerjaan, telah mengadopsi beberapa konvensi (terbuka untuk ditandatangani dan diratifikasi oleh negara) yang membahas tentang kerja paksa dan bentuk-bentuk eksploitasi manusia lainnya. Konvensi ILO tersebut antara lain: ''International Labour Organisation Forced Labour Convention 1930 (No 29); International Labour Organisation Abolition of Forced Labour Convention 1957 (No 105; Equal Remuneration Convention; Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention; Employement Policy Convention; Convention concerning Occupational Safety and the Working Environmentt;'' dan ''Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families)'' (University of Minnesota Human Rights Library, tanpa tahun)''.'' Pada tahun 2014, ILO mengadopsi Protokol Tambahan yang berkaitan dengan ''Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29).'' Protokol tersebut dimaksudkan untuk memperkuat kerangka hukum internasional dalam menghapuskan kerja paksa dengan menciptakan kewajiban baru bagi negara untuk mencegah terjadinya kerja paksa, melindungi korban dan untuk menyediakan akses ''remedy'' atau pemulihan, seperti kompensasi atas kerugian material dan fisik (Justice et al., 2011).
 
== Kasus Perbudakan Modern di Industri Perikanan Thailand ==
 
== Kasus Perbudakan Modern di Benjina, Indonesia ==
 
== Sistem Ijon di Indonesia ==
 
== Kasus Perbudakan Seksual ''"Comfort Women"'' ==
 
== Kasus Pekerja Anak di Bangladesh ==
 
== Referensi ==