Baja: Perbedaan antara revisi

Bukti-bukti adanya produksi baja berkarbon tinggi tertua di [[Subkontinen India]] ditemukan di [[Kodumana]], wilayah [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Golconda]] di wilayah [[Andhra Pradesh]] dan [[Karnataka]], serta di wilayah [[Samanalawewa]], [[Sri Langka]].<ref>{{cite news| last = Wilford|first = John Noble|title = Ancient Smelter Used Wind To Make High-Grade Steel|work = The New York Times|date = 1996-02-06|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/06/science/ancient-smelter-used-wind-to-make-high-grade-steel.html?n=Top%2FNews%2FScience%2FTopics%2FArchaeology%20and%20Anthropology}}</ref> Baja ini dikenal kemudian sebagai [[baja Wootz]], dibuat di India Selatan pada periode abad ke-enam SM dan diekspor ke seluruh dunia.<ref name="SR_IISc">{{cite book |author1=Srinivasan, Sharada |author2=Ranganathan, Srinivasa |title=India's Legendary Wootz Steel: An Advanced Material of the Ancient World |year=2004 |publisher=National Institute of Advanced Studies |oclc=82439861 |url=http://materials.iisc.ernet.in/~wootz/heritage/WOOTZ.htm |access-date=2018-02-06 |archive-date=2019-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211082829/http://materials.iisc.ernet.in/~wootz/heritage/WOOTZ.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=ann>{{cite journal |author=Feuerbach, Ann |title=An investigation of the varied technology found in swords, sabres and blades from the Russian Northern Caucasus |url=https://www.es.ucl.ac.uk/iams/jour_25/iams25_Feuerbach.pdf |journal=IAMS |volume=25 |year=2005 |pages=27–43 (p. 29) |access-date=2018-02-06 |archive-date=2011-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430044256/https://www.es.ucl.ac.uk/iams/jour_25/iams25_Feuerbach.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Teknologi baja yang sudah ada sebelum 326 SM di wilayah tersebut ditemukan dalam isi literatur [[Literatur Sangam|Tamil Sangam]], Arab dan Latin sebagai baja-baja yang terbaik di dunia dan diekspor ke orang-orang Roma, Mesir, Tiongkok dan Arab pada saat itu - yang mereka sebut ''besi Serik''.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Srinivasan, Sharada | year = 1994 | title = Wootz crucible steel: a newly discovered production site in South India | journal = Papers from the Institute of Archaeology | volume = 5 | pages = 49–59 | doi = 10.5334/pia.60}}</ref> Sebuah [[Prasasti Brahmi Tissamaharama Tamil|Perkumpulan Tamil di Tissamaharama pada tahun 200 SM]], di Tenggara Sri Lanka, membawa serta artifak besi dan baja dari [[periode klasik]].<ref>Hobbies – Volume 68, Issue 5 – Page 45. Lghtner Publishing Company (1963)</ref><ref name="Mahathevan">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/24/stories/2010062451701100.htm|title=An epigraphic perspective on the antiquity of Tamil|last=Mahathevan|first=Iravatham|date=24 June 2010|work=The Hindu|accessdate=31 October 2010|archive-date=2010-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701211040/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/24/stories/2010062451701100.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="Ragupathy">{{cite news|url=http://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=79&artid=32303|title=Tissamaharama potsherd evidences ordinary early Tamils among population|last=Ragupathy|first=P|date=28 June 2010|work=Tamilnet|publisher=Tamilnet|accessdate=31 October 2010}}</ref>

 

 

== Klasifikasi baja ==