Korea Utara: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Demografi, gambar |
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[[Berkas:Tram North Korea PY.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sebuah kereta [[Trem Pyongyang]]]]
Terdapat bus troli dan trem campuran lokal dan impor di pusat-pusat kota di Korea Utara. Kereta-kereta api kuno dibeli dari Eropa dan Cina, tetapi embargo perdagangan telah memaksa Korea Utara untuk membuat kendaraan sendiri. Kereta Api Republik Demokratik Rakyat Korea, "Choson Cul Minzuzui Inmingonghoagug", adalah satu-satunya operator kereta api di Korea Utara. Perusahaan ini punya jejaring rel kereta api sepanjang 5.200 km dengan 4.500 km di antaranya memenuhi [[Standard gauge]].<ref name="A Glimpse of North Korea's Railways">{{cite web|url=http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/steam/trains/nkorea04.htm|title=A Glimpse of North Korea's Railways|last=Dickinson|first=Rob|work=The International Steam Pages|accessdate=2009-07-04}}</ref> Ada rel sempit kecil yang beroperasi di Semenanjung Haeju.<ref name="A Glimpse of North Korea's Railways"/> Kereta api itu terdiri dari campuran lokomotif uap dan listrik. Mobil paling banyak dibuat di Korea Utara menggunakan rancangan Soviet. Ada beberapa lokomotif dari Kekaisaran Jepang, Amerika Serikat, dan Eropa yang masih dipakai. Lokomotif bekas dari Cina (DF4B dini, BJ Hidraulika, dll.) juga masih dioperasikan.
[[Berkas:Sunan International Airport, Pyongyang, North Korea.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Il-76]], [[Tu-204]], [[Il-62]] dan [[Tu-154]] milik [[Air Koryo]] di [[Bandar Udara Internasional Sunan]]]]
Water transport on the major rivers and along the coasts plays a growing role in freight and passenger traffic. Except for the Yalu and Taedong rivers, most of the inland waterways, totaling 2,253 kilometers, are navigable only by small boats. Coastal traffic is heaviest on the eastern seaboard, whose deeper waters can accommodate larger vessels. The major ports are [[Nampho]] on the west coast and [[Rajin]], [[Chongjin]], [[Wonsan]], and [[Hamhung]] on the east coast. The country's harbor loading capacity in the 1990s was estimated at almost 35 million tons a year. In the early 1990s, North Korea possessed an oceangoing merchant fleet, largely domestically produced, of sixty-eight ships (of at least 1,000 gross-registered tons), totaling 465,801 gross-registered tons ({{DWT|709,442|metric|first=yes}}), which includes fifty-eight cargo ships and two tankers. There is a continuing investment in upgrading and expanding port facilities, developing transportation—particularly on the Taedong River—and increasing the share of international cargo by domestic vessels.
North Korea's international air connections are limited. There are regularly scheduled flights from the [[Sunan International Airport]] – 24 kilometers north of Pyongyang – to [[Moscow]], [[Khabarovsk]], [[Beijing]], [[Macau]], [[Vladivostok]], [[Bangkok]], [[Shenyang]], [[Shenzhen]] and charter flights from Sunan to Tokyo as well as to East European countries, the Middle East, and Africa. An agreement to initiate a service between Pyongyang and Tokyo was signed in 1990. Internal flights are available between [[Pyongyang]], [[Hamhung]], [[Wonsan]], and [[Chongjin]]. All civil aircraft operated by [[Air Koryo]] are 34 aircraft in 2008, these were purchased from the Soviet Union and Russia. From 1976 to 1978, four [[Tu-154]] jets were added to the small fleet of propeller-driven An-24s afterwards adding four long range Ilyushin Il-62M, three Ilyushin Il-76MD large cargo aircraft and 2 long range Tupolev Tu-204-300's purchased in 2008.
One of the few ways to enter North Korea is over the [[Sino-Korea Friendship Bridge]] or via [[Panmunjeom]], the former crossing [[Yalu River|Amnok River]] and the latter crossing [[Korean Demilitarized Zone|Demilitarized Zone]].
Private cars in North Korea are a rare sight, but {{as of|2008|lc=on}} some 70% of households used [[bicycle]]s, which also play an increasingly important role in small-scale private trade.<ref>[http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=4230 70% of Households Use Bikes], The Daily NK, 2008-10-30</ref>
== Demografi ==
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