Perang Sudan 2023: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 124:
=== April ===
Pada tanggal 15 April, RSF menyerang pangkalan SAF di seluruh Sudan, termasuk [[Khartoum]] dan bandaranya.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news |last1=Salih |first1=Zeinab Mohammed |author-link=Zeinab Mohammed Salih |last2=Igunza |first2=Emmanuel |date=15 April 2023 |title=Sudan: Army and RSF battle over key sites, leaving 56 civilians dead |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415084000/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2023 |title=Fighting broke out in Sudan between national army and RSF militiamen |url=https://sudantribune.com/article272958/ |access-date=2023-04-16 |website=Sudan Tribune |language=en-US |archive-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415124257/https://sudantribune.com/article272958/}}</ref> Bentrokan antara kedua kelompok terjadi di [[Istana Republik, Khartoum|Istana Kepresidenan]] dan di kediaman Jenderal al-Burhan. Sebagai tanggapan, SAF menutup semua bandara dan melakukan serangan udara pada posisi RSF.<ref name="aj">{{Cite news |script-title=ar:السودان.. اشتباكات عنيفة بين الجيش وقوات الدعم السريع (لحظة بلحظة) |title= |trans-title= |url=https://mubasher.aljazeera.net/news/politics/liveblog/2023/4/15/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415142945/https://mubasher.aljazeera.net/news/politics/liveblog/2023/4/15/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4 |archive-date=15 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-16 |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> Terjadi bentrokan di markas besar penyiar negara, [[Sudan TV]], yang kemudian direbut oleh pasukan RSF.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=ar:التلفزيون السوداني يتحدث عن وجود اشتباكات في مقره |url=https://twitter.com/AlArabiya/status/1647201567630663680?cxt=HHwWgIC9gafGhNwtAAAA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415180354/https://twitter.com/AlArabiya/status/1647201567630663680?cxt=HHwWgIC9gafGhNwtAAAA |archive-date=15 April 2023 |access-date=15 April 2023 |website=Twitter}}</ref> Jembatan dan jalan di Khartoum ditutup, dan RSF mengklaim bahwa semua jalan menuju selatan Khartoum ditutup.<ref name="Al Jazeera2">{{Cite news |title= |script-title=ar:لحظة بلحظة.. اشتباكات بين الجيش السوداني والدعم السريع |language=ar |trans-title= |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/liveblog/2023/4/15/%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b8%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b4 |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415111143/https://www.aljazeera.net/news/liveblog/2023/4/15/%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B8%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4 |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref> Pada 16 April, SAF mengumumkan penyelamatan seorang [[Mayor Jenderal|mayor jenderal]] dan seorang brigadir, penangkapan beberapa petugas RSF, dan pengambilalihan [[Bandar Udara Merowe|Bandara Merowe]].<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=ar:=عناصر من الجيش ينشرون صورا لدخولهم قاعدة مروي العسكرية #السودان #العربية |url=https://mobile.twitter.com/AlArabiya_Brk/status/1647660109005312000 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417064612/https://mobile.twitter.com/AlArabiya_Brk/status/1647660109005312000 |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=16 April 2023}}</ref> Otoritas Penerbangan Sipil Sudan menutup wilayah udara negara tersebut,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shieff |first=Chris |date=16 April 2023 |title=Military Coup: Sudan Airspace Closed |language=en |work=[[OPS Group]] |url=https://ops.group/blog/military-coup-sudan-airspace-closed/#:~:text=On%20April%2016%2C%20Sudan's%20CAA,due%20to%20'security%20reasons.' |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420054206/https://ops.group/blog/military-coup-sudan-airspace-closed/#:~:text=On%20April%2016%2C%20Sudan's%20CAA,due%20to%20'security%20reasons.' |archive-date=20 April 2023}}</ref> dan penyedia telekomunikasi [[MTN Group|MTN]] menutup layanan Internet.<ref name="Siddiqui">{{Cite news |last=Siddiqui |first=Arwa Ibrahim, Usaid |title=Dozens of people killed as Sudan fighting enters second day |language=en |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/16/sudan-unrest-live-news-dozens-dead-as-fighting-enters-second-day |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416144810/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/16/sudan-unrest-live-news-dozens-dead-as-fighting-enters-second-day |archive-date=16 April 2023}}</ref> Bentrokan berlanjut pada 17 April di Khartoum, [[Omdurman]], dan bandara Merowe.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Clashes reported west of Merowe's airport |language=en |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/17/sudan-fighting-live-news-nearly-100-killed-as-clashes-spread |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417073638/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/17/sudan-fighting-live-news-nearly-100-killed-as-clashes-spread |archive-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> SAF mengklaim menguasai kantor pusat Sudan TV dan radio negara di Khartoum,<ref>{{Cite news |title=State TV back on air |language=en |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-65285254 |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415115739/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-65285254 |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref> dan RSF merilis video di halaman [[Twitter]] mereka.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Competing claims over control of broadcasting corporation HQ |language=en |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/17/sudan-fighting-live-news-nearly-100-killed-as-clashes-spread |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417073638/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/4/17/sudan-fighting-live-news-nearly-100-killed-as-clashes-spread |archive-date=17 April 2023}}</ref>
Dalam sebuah wawancara dengan [[Al Jazeera]], [[Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo|Hemedti]] menuduh
Baris 156:
=== Juli ===
Konflik berlanjut, dengan serangan udara, serangan artileri, dan tembakan di Khartoum dan Omdurman. Antara 22 dan 31 orang tewas dalam serangan udara di distrik [[Dar es Salaam]] Omdurman pada 8 Juli. RSF menyalahkan SAF atas serangan itu, yang mereka bantah. Dalam sebuah pernyataan yang dirilis pada 9 Juli, SAF mengatakan bahwa angkatan udaranya tidak melakukan serangan udara apapun di kota tersebut pada 8 Juli.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= Sudan on brink of all-out civil war, UN chief warns, after airstrike kills at least 22 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jul/10/sudan-on-brink-of-all-out-civil-war-un-chief-warns-after-airstrike-kills-at-least-22 |work=The Guardian |location= |access-date=}}</ref> RSF mengklaim telah menjatuhkan pesawat perang SAF dan [[Pesawat nirawak|kendaraan udara tak berawak]] di Khartoum Bahri. RSF dituduh menjarah dan menduduki rumah di Khartoum, menggerebek Rumah Sakit Al-Shuhada dan membunuh seorang anggota staf, dan melanjutkan pembersihan etnis di Geneina. Satuan Pemberantasan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan menyatakan telah mencatat 88 kasus [[kekerasan seksual]] di Geneina, Khartoum, dan [[Nyala, Sudan|Nyala]].<ref name="Reuters2July2023">{{Cite news |date=2 July 2023 |title=Sudan clashes intensify with no mediation in sight |language=en |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/sudan-clashes-intensify-with-no-mediation-sight-2023-07-02/ |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=2 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702170821/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/sudan-clashes-intensify-with-no-mediation-sight-2023-07-02/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Menanggapi meningkatnya kekerasan, SAF melakukan serangan udara dan penembakan terhadap warga sipil<ref>{{cite news |date=26 July 2023 |title=Shelling continues in Sudan capital, 15 killed in Omdurman |work=Radio Dabanga |url=https://sudantribune.com/article275417/ |access-date=26 July 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="EEPA27/07/2023">{{cite news |date=2023-07-13 |title=SITUATION REPORT – HORN OF AFRICA No. 466 – 27 July 2023 |language=en |work=[[EEPA]] |url=https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-466-27-July-2023.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727210059/https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-466-27-July-2023.pdf |archive-date=2023-07-27 |access-date=2023-08-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2023-06-21 |title=Sudan's warring sides resume fighting after latest ceasefire ends |language=en |work=[[Aljazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/21/sudans-warring-sides-resume-fighting-after-latest-ceasefire-ends |url-status=live |access-date=2023-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621215322/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/21/sudans-warring-sides-resume-fighting-after-latest-ceasefire-ends |archive-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> dan posisi yang dipegang oleh Gerakan Pembebasan Rakyat Sudan-Utara (SPLM-N).<ref name="terrain">{{cite news |date=3 July 2023 |title=SPLM-N El Hilu wins terrain in South Kordofan |language=en |work=[[Radio Dabanga]] |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/splm-n-el-hilu-wins-terrain-in-south-kordofan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703150833/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/splm-n-el-hilu-wins-terrain-in-south-kordofan |archive-date=2023-07-03 |access-date=2023-08-15}}</ref> Di Kordofan Selatan, SPLM-N (al-Hilu) menguasai beberapa pangkalan SAF,<ref>{{cite news |date=18 July 2023 |title=Sudan army clashes with RSF and SPLM-N El Hilu in South Kordofan |language=en |work=[[Radio Dabanga]] |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-army-clashes-with-rsf-and-splm-n-el-hilu-in-south-kordofan |url-status=live |access-date=19 July 2023 |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719121727/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-army-clashes-with-rsf-and-splm-n-el-hilu-in-south-kordofan}}</ref><ref name="terrain" /><ref name="terrain22">{{cite news |date=11 July 2023 |title=SPLM-N El Hilu launches new attack in Blue Nile region and wins terrain in South Kordofan |language=en |work=[[Radio Dabanga]] |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/splm-n-el-hilu-launches-attack-in-blue-nile-region-and-wins-terrain-in-south-kordofan |access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref> sementara RSF bentrok dengan koalisi kelompok bersenjata di El-Fashir.<ref name="terrain" /><ref>{{cite news|date=11 July 2023|title=SPLM-N El Hilu launches new attack in Blue Nile region and wins terrain in South Kordofan|language=en|work=[[Radio Dabanga]]|url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/splm-n-el-hilu-launches-attack-in-blue-nile-region-and-wins-terrain-in-south-kordofan|access-date=15 July 2023|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719121711/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/splm-n-el-hilu-launches-attack-in-blue-nile-region-and-wins-terrain-in-south-kordofan|url-status=live}}</ref> Sebuah faksi Gerakan Pembebasan Sudan yang dipimpin oleh Mustafa Tambour (SLM-T) bergabung dalam konflik untuk mendukung SAF di Darfur.<ref name="SLM"/>
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