Paus Yohanes Paulus II: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 71:
Pada tahun 1967, dia berperan penting dalam perumusan [[ensiklik]] ''[[Humanae Vitae]]'', yang berkaitan dengan masalah pelarangan [[aborsi]] dan [[Keluarga Berencana|pengaturan kelahiran dalam KB]].<ref name="About"/><ref name="Memory"/><ref name = "Vatican2"/><ref name="HV">{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_25071968_humanae-vitae_en.html |title=Humanae Vitae |accessdate=2009-01-01|date=25 July 1968}}</ref> Menurut seorang saksi baru, Kardinal Wojtyla pada tahun 1970 melarang distribusi di keuskupan Kraków surat pastoral tentang keuskupan Polandia sedang mempersiapkan upacara ulang tahun ke-50 [[Perang Polandia-Soviet]].<ref>Roman Graczyk, Cena przetrwania? SB wobec Tygodnika Powszechnego, Warszawa 2011 p. 204 ISBN 978-83-7700-015-1.</ref>
=== Menjadi
wafat. Pada Oktober [[1978]] Wojtyła kembali ke [[Vatikan]] untuk menghadiri konklaf kedua dalam waktu kurang dari dua bulan.
Baris 83:
Salah satu lawatan resmi Paus Yohanes Paulus II yang pertama, adalah ke [[Polandia]] pada Juni [[1979]]. Di sana sebuah [[misa]] diadakannya di [[Lapangan Kemenangan, Warsawa|Lapangan Kemenangan]] di [[Warsawa]], sebuah peristiwa yang memiliki efek dalam mempersatukan gerakan persatuan Buruh Polandia [[Solidaritas]]. [http://religion-cults.com/pope/communism.htm]
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===Election to the Papacy===
{{Main|Papal conclave, October 1978}}
[[File:John paul 2 coa.svg|thumb|130|[[Coat of arms|Coat of Arms]] of Pope John Paul II with the ''[[Marian Cross]]''. The Letter M is for [[Blessed Virgin Mary|Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]], to whom he held strong devotion]]
{{cquote|''Dear brothers and sisters, we are saddened at the death of our beloved Pope John Paul I, and so the cardinals have called for a new bishop of Rome. They called him from a faraway land - far and yet always close because of our communion in faith and Christian traditions. I was afraid to accept that responsibility, yet I do so in a spirit of obedience to the Lord and total faithfulness to Mary, our most Holy Mother. I am speaking to you in your - no, our Italian language. If I make a mistake, please ‘kirrect’ [[sic|[sic]]] me...''<ref name="Bottum"/><ref name = "Stourton10"/>}}
(note. intentional mispronunciation in Italian inserted as bad English here to convey his joke)
{{Infobox popestyles
|image = John paul 2 coa.svg
|dipstyle = [[His Holiness]]
|offstyle = Your Holiness
|relstyle = Holy Father
|deathstyle = [[Venerable]]
|moto = Totus Tuus
}}
In August 1978, following the death of [[Pope Paul VI]], Cardinal Wojtyła voted in the [[Papal conclave, August 1978|Papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope John Paul I]], who at 65 was considered young by papal standards. John Paul I died after only 33 days as Pope, thereby precipitating another conclave.<ref name="ShortBio"/><ref name = "Vatican2"/><ref name="Time1978">{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912229,00.html|title=A "Foreign" Pope|date=30 October 1978|work=Time magazine |page=1|accessdate=2009-01-01}}</ref>
The second conclave of 1978 commenced on 14 October, ten days after the funeral of [[Pope John Paul I]]. It was divided between two strong [[Papabile|candidates for the papacy]]: [[Giuseppe Siri|Giuseppe Cardinal Siri]], the [[conservatism|conservative]] [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa|Archbishop of Genoa]], and the [[liberalism|liberal]] [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence|Archbishop of Florence]], [[Giovanni Benelli|Giovanni Cardinal Benelli]], a close associate of John Paul I.<ref name="Time1978b">{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912229-4,00.html|title=A "Foreign" Pope|date=30 October 1978|work=Time magazine |page=4|accessdate=2009-01-01}}</ref>
Supporters of Benelli were confident that he would be elected, and in early [[ballot]]s, Benelli came within nine votes of election.<ref name="Time1978b"/> However, the scale of opposition to both men meant that neither was likely to receive the votes needed for election, and [[Franz König|Franz Cardinal König]], [[Archbishop of Vienna]], individually suggested to his fellow electors a compromise candidate: the Polish [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], Karol Józef Wojtyła.<ref name="Time1978b"/> Wojtyła ultimately won the election on the eighth ballot on the second day with, according to the Italian press, 99 votes from the 111 participating electors. He subsequently chose the name John Paul II<ref name = "Vatican2"/><ref name="Time1978b"/> in honour of his immediate predecessor, and the traditional white smoke informed the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square that a pope had been chosen.<ref name="Time1978"/> He accepted his election with these words: ''‘With obedience in faith to Christ, my Lord, and with trust in the Mother of Christ and the Church, in spite of great difficulties, I accept.’''<ref name = "Stourton10">{{cite book |last1=Stourton |first1=Edward |authorlink1=Edward Stourton (journalist)|title=John Paul II: Man of History |accessdate=2009-01-01|publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |location=London |isbn=0340908165 |page=171 |year=2006}}</ref><ref name="NewPope">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/world/pope/choosing/html/announcement.stm|title=New Pope Announced|work= BBC News|accessdate=2009-01-01}}</ref> When the new pontiff appeared on the balcony, he broke tradition by addressing the gathered crowd:<ref name = "Stourton10"/>
Wojtyła became the 264th Pope according to the chronological [[list of popes]] and the first non-Italian Pope in 455 years.<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1978/The-Election-of-Pope-John-Paul-II/12309251197005-5/ 1978 Year in Review: The Election of Pope John Paul II]</ref> At only 58 years of age, he was the youngest pope elected since [[Pope Pius IX]] in 1846, who was 54.<ref name = "Vatican2"/> Like his immediate predecessor, Pope John Paul II dispensed with the traditional [[Papal Coronation|Papal coronation]] and instead received ecclesiastical [[investiture]] with the simplified [[Papal Inauguration|Papal inauguration]] on 22 October 1978. During his inauguration, when the cardinals were to kneel before him to take their vows and kiss his ring, he stood up as the Polish prelate [[Stefan Wyszyński|Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński]] knelt down, stopped him from kissing the ring, and hugged him.<ref name="Vatican-bio-en">{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/santopadre_biografie/giovanni_paolo_ii_biografia_pontificato_en.html |title=Events in the Pontificate of John Paul II |accessdate=2009-01-01|date=30 June 2005}}</ref>
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