Pengepungan Konstantinopel (717–718): Perbedaan antara revisi

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[[File:Greekfire-madridskylitzes1.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Penggambaran tentang penggunaan [[api yunani]], miniatur dari ''[[Madrid Skylitzes]]'']]
Armada Arab dibawahdi bawah Sulaiman (sering disalahartikan dengansebagai Khalifah sendiri dalam sumber-sumber [[Abad Pertengahan]]) tiba pada [[1 September]], melempar [[sauh]] pertama kalinya di [[Hebdomon]]. <!--Dua hari kemudian, Sulaiman memimpin armadanya ke [[Bosporus]] anddan theberagam variousskuadron squadronsmulai beganberlabuh anchoringdi bypinggiran theperkotaan Europeandi andEropa Asiandan suburbs of the cityAsia: onesebagian partberlayar sailedke southsebelah ofselatan [[ChalcedonKhalsedon]] toke thepelabuhan harbours ofdi Eutropios anddan Anthemios tountuk watchmengawasi overjalur themasuk southern entrance of theselatan Bosporus, while the rest ofsedangkan thesisa fleetarmada sailedberlayar intomelalui theselat straittersebut, passedmelewati byKonstantinopel Constantinopledan andmulai beganberlabuh makingdi landfallpesisir on the coasts betweenantara [[GalataGalatia]] anddan [[Defterdarburnu|Kleidion]], cuttingmemotong thehubungan Byzantineantara capital'sibukota communicationBizantium with thedengan [[BlackLaut SeaHitam]]. ButNamun asketika thebarisan Arabbelakang fleet'sarmada rearguardArab, twentyterdiri heavyatas shipsdua withpuluh kapal berat dengan 2,.000 marinesmarinir, was passing themelintasi cityKonstantinopel, thetiba-tiba southerlyangin windselatan stoppedberhenti anddan thenbertiup reversedberbalik arah, driftingmengarahkan themarmada towardsArab theke arah citytembok wallskota, wheredi amana Byzantinesatu squadronskuadron attackedBizantium themmenyerang withmereka dengan [[Greekapi fireYunani]].<!-- Theophanes reported that some went down with all hands, while others, burning, sailed down to the [[Princes' Islands]] of [[Sivriada|Oxeia]] and [[Yassıada|Plateia]]. The victory encouraged the Byzantines and dejected the Arabs, who, according to Theophanes, had originally intended to sail to the sea walls the same night and try to scale them using the ships' steering paddles. The same night, Leo drew up the chain between the city and Galata, closing the entrance to the [[Golden Horn]]. The Arab fleet became reluctant to engage the Byzantines, and withdrew to the safe harbour of [[Sosthenion]] further north on the European shore of the Bosporus.<ref>{{harvnb|Guilland|1959|pp=119–120}}; {{harvnb|Mango|Scott|1997|pp=545–546}}; {{harvnb|Lilie|1976|p=128}}; {{harvnb|Treadgold|1997|p=347}}.</ref>
 
[[File:47-manasses-chronicle.jpg|200px|thumb|right|The Second Arab Siege of Constantinople, as depicted in the 14th-century [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] translation of the ''[[Constantine Manasses|Manasses Chronicle]]'']]